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Effficiency of Rural Community Banks in Ghana: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis
No full textRural financial markets in Ghana remain underdeveloped, largely because of the legacy of glaring failures in government-led programs. The basic functions of rural banks in Ghana are the mobilization of savings and the extension of credit to deserving customers in their areas of operation. Through their financial intermediation roles, rural banks act as catalysts for economic development in rural Ghana. Despite their role in the Ghanaian context, these banks have not been the subject of academic studies. The purpose of the study is to measure the efficiency and performance of the rural banks using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The use of DEA is demonstrated by evaluating the management of 137 rural community banks in Ghana for the period 2004 to 2014. The estimation process explicitly, modelled for all the parameters especially efficiency using the non- parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). ROA was used as a performance measurement. The study pleaded in favor of investment to total asset, the total operating expenses to total asset and loan to total asset; and to be the main drivers to rural banks profitability measurement in Ghana since they were significant. The study registered liquidity (LIQ), total asset and inflation to be insignificant. The DEA results reveals 92.70% of RCBs to be inefficient. For RCBs to be more efficient and profitable the RCBs must strengthen effective credit administration by way of credit appraisal, monitoring the progress of loans and their efficient recovery. Important policy implications of these findings include the need to enhance confidence in the Ghana’s rural banking system, to encourage savings in regional rural banks, and to ensure efficient transfer of resources from savers to investors
Tourism for Economic Development in Africa
Get PDFTourism should be a growing area of economic potential and interest to African countries. Tourism development in Africa could be pursued within an overall services development strategy that builds complementarities and linkages with other productive sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing and that contributes to jobs and exports. Given the complexity of Africa's development challenges and the necessity to create formal jobs to reduce poverty, as illustrated in the African Union Agenda 2063, African countries should exploit all economic opportunities including harnessing the potential of tourism as a driver for economic growth and sustainable development. Policies are needed in four key areas in Africa to foster the development of tourism: improving tourism competitiveness, engaging in source market diversification, developing "brand" or niche tourism with local community involvement and integrating into the global tourism value chain, through greater use of ICT.
When M-small modules are simple
Get PDFIn this paper, we define and study SMSI-modules. A module M is called an SMSI-module if every M-small module is simple in σ[M]
Optimal Control Problem Governed By Elliptic Variational Inequalities For Infinite Order
Get PDFIn this paper we find, the necessary conditions for optimality of a system governed by elliptic variational inequalities of infinite order with obstacle, where the cost function is quadratic associated with the state y (u). When there is no constraint on the control variable, we give the first order necessary conditions of the optimality systems
Some theorem on common fixed points and points of coincidence for mappings in metric space
Get PDFThe paper includes theorem giving the sufficient condition for existence of common point of coincidence and common fixed point for 2n + 1 mappings in metric space
Using Branch and Bound Method to Minimize Bi-Criteria
Get PDFThis paper presents a branch and bound algorithm for sequencing a set of n independent jobs on a single machine to minimize sum of total late work and the number of tardy jobs, the type of the problem is NP-hard.Lower bounds were proposed and heuristic method to get an upper bound. Some special cases were proved and some dominancerules were proposed and proved, the problem solved with up to 40 jobs
Suzuki Type Common Fixed Point Theorem For Four Maps Using α - admissible Functions In Partial Ordered Complex Valued Metric Spaces
Get PDFIn this paper, we obtain a Suzuki type unique common fixed point theorem for four self maps using α-admissible function in partial ordered complex valued metric spaces. Also we give an example to illustrate our main theorem
Sigmoid Function In The Space Of Univalent Lambda Pseudo Starlike Function With Sakaguchi Type Functions
No full textIn this work, the sigmoid function in the space of univalent - peseudo starlike function with Sakaguchi type functions are investigated. The rst few coecient bounds for the class \ (s; t; ) were obtained. Also, the relevant connections to Fekete-Szego theorem for this class were brie y discussed. Our results serves as a new generalization in this direction and it gives birth some existing subclasses of functions
MAXIMUM FLOW PROBLEM IN ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES
Get PDFMaximum flow problem is a problem which involves a directed network with arcs carrying flow. The problem is to find the maximum flow that can be sent through the arcs of the network from some specified node S, called the source, to a second specified node T, called the sink. In this paper we are going to see what maximum flow problem is and its solution algorithm called the Ford and Fulkerson algorithm. This paper also contains a problem of maximum flow problem in Ethiopian Airlines solved using the Ford and Fulkerson algorithm
Of Natural Resources, Poverty Alleviation and Local Communities: Case of Quarry Mining in Mutoko District (Zimbabwe)
Get PDFA good local resource base can benefit local communities as people are able to exploit available natural resources to their advantage. The astronomically high unemployment levels in the country have exacerbated the attendant poverty levels, which has led to local communities seeking alternative survival strategies. In the case of Nyamuzuwe, the local community has embarked on the exploitation of black granite quarry to irk out a living. However, it has been noted that the local community has derived socio-economic benefits from the quarrying venture, while on the other hand, the quarrying activity has taken its toll on the local environment. Consequently, the paper examines the socio-economic and environmental impacts of black granite quarrying on local communities in the community of Mutoko District. A total of 185 respondents were selected through random sampling and data was collected through questionnaires. Additionally, focus group discussions and interviews were conducted to establish the extent of spin-offs from black granite quarrying which cumulatively brought infrastructural development, stimulated vending, employment creation, improvement in housing, and the provision of transport to the area. However, there has been negative environmental impact emanating from quarrying. Black granite quarrying activities have resulted in lowering of water table for agriculture, loss of agricultural lands, demolishing of graves and health problems and land degradation. Additionally, air, water and noise pollution have been a culmination of quarrying in the area. However, there have been attempts at restoration and intervention measures by Natural Stone Export Companyin the form of re-afforestation, review of methods of operation and provision of alternative sources of drinking water to the affected communities. The authors recommend that the company revise its environmental management policy in the area to ensure that negative socio-economic and environmental effects of mining activities in the area remain minimal