52426 research outputs found
Sort by
Short-term variability of the multifocal ERG in clinical settings.
No full textPURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of repeat testing on N1 and P1 amplitudes, signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios, and amplitude ring ratios (RR) in multifocal electroretinography (mfERG).
METHODS: This was a retrospective review of mfERG records from 08/2022 to 05/2023. Patients were tested binocularly with the Espion system (Diagnosys LLC). Only records from patients with repeat mfERG tests at the same appointment were included. N1 and P1 amplitudes, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and amplitude ring ratios were evaluated for the first recording (run #1), the second recording (run #2), and the combination of run #1 and run #2 (combined run).
RESULTS: Data was collected for 93 eyes from 47 patients (5 males, 42 females) with a mean patient age of 56.1 ± 17.3 years. No change was observed between run #1 and run #2 for N1 or P1 amplitudes, however amplitudes of the combined run decreased significantly (p \u3c 0.05) compared to run #1 amplitudes for all rings, right and left eyes (except for ring 1 in right eyes). SNR increased significantly from run #1 to run #2 for rings 2-5 (~10%), but not for ring 1. The number of blinks recorded during testing decreased from run #1 to run #2 (p \u3c 0.001). Amplitude ring ratios R5/R4 and R5/R3 did not change significantly from run #1 to run #2, while amplitude R1/R2 ratio decreased significantly (p \u3c 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The change in signal quality from run #1 to run #2 suggests a superior quality signal in the second run. Furthermore, the decreased P1 amplitude in the combined run compared to run #1 should be considered when a clinician uses the combined run for their final report
Connectivity mapping with isotretinoin\u27s transcriptomic signature identifies alternative therapeutics for severe acne.
No full textIsotretinoin, the gold-standard treatment for severe acne, effectively targets major pathogenic factors, but carries teratogenic risks. Its precise mechanism of action remains incompletely understood. Computational approaches, such as connectivity mapping, can offer insights into a drug\u27s mechanism and identify alternative compounds as potential novel therapeutics for acne. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic response in non-lesional skin of 18 severe acne patients prior to isotretinoin therapy (baseline) and after 1, 8, and 20 weeks of therapy and 6 months post therapy. Our analysis revealed that isotretinoin induced significant early and sustained suppression of metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, and mTORC1 signaling. Immunofluorescence staining in acne patient skin for phospho-S6, a downstream marker of mTORC1, corroborated decreased mTORC1 signaling as early as 1-week of therapy. Additionally, connectivity mapping identified mTOR inhibitors as top candidates that mimic isotretinoin\u27s transcriptomic signature. These findings enhance our understanding of isotretinoin\u27s mechanism and highlight mTORC1 as a potential target for developing safer, non-teratogenic acne treatments
Dupilumab Normalizes Histopathologic Features in Adults and Adolescents With Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Post Hoc Analysis of the Phase 3 LIBERTY EoE TREET Study
No full text
Print, Play, and Learn: Cataloging Card and Board Games for Medical Education From 1980 to 2025.
No full textBackground Card and board games are increasingly described in the medical education literature, but games in the literature are not always available for use by educators. Since the last survey of games for medical education, new funding and distribution technologies have reduced barriers to sharing games, and we hypothesize that more games are available than described in the literature and that new technologies have contributed to this availability. We aim to describe the current landscape of games beyond the literature to facilitate their use and study. Methods For this study, we curated a list of sites where games are available for download and/or purchase by searching for sites associated with the games from an earlier review. We searched these sites over a three-year period to build a catalog of games published in or before 2024 that were designed for physicians and/or physician-track learners. We described the audiences, content areas, technologies used for distribution, and other details about the games. Results We identified 224 games, of which 87 met the inclusion criteria. The number of games increased year-over-year from 2013-2019, and the peak year was 2023. Popular game topics included infectious disease (n=15), anatomy (n=11), neurology (n=10), pediatrics (n=10), and emergency medicine (n=9). Games were often shared using printable files (34) and print-on-demand services (23). Only 31 (36%) games had an associated academic publication. Conclusions The number of medical education games has substantially increased in the last decade, facilitated by the adoption of print-on-demand and the sharing of printable files. Gaps in content area and target audience still remain, and we encourage educators to employ funding and distribution technologies to facilitate sharing games more widely