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0336 A survey and analysis ChatGPT\u27s generated differential diagnoses utilizing physical exam descriptions from a pediatric dermatology textbook
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49: PREDICTORS OF WEANING FAILURE IN ASTHMA EXACERBATION IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS
No full text300.04 GLP-1 Agonists Versus Placebo in Patients With Heart Failure and Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: An Updated Meta-Analysis of SUMMIT, SELECT, STEP-HFpEF, STEP-HFpEF DM, and FLOW Trials
No full textEstrogen-Gut-Brain Axis: Examining the Role of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Mental Health Through Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome.
No full textCombined oral contraceptives (COCs) possess the ability to alter the normal composition of the gut microbiome and the permeability of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which may cause both gut-related and non-gut-related complications. The gut-estrogen axis examines the relationship between estrogens (particularly the active form, estradiol) and the gastrointestinal system and can be attributed to the maintenance of the estrobolome and circulating estradiol levels. The gut-brain axis involves the relationship between the brain and the gastrointestinal system and can be attributed to the gut microbiome in relation to the enteric nervous system (ENS) and serotonin levels. Overall, the introduction of exogenous hormones into an endogenous environment alters the normal balance of both hormones and bacteria. Currently, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the link between COCs and mental health complications such as anxiety and depression, and the diversity in these complications may be related to different types of COCs, their composition, and variations in study populations. This article reviews existing evidence from animal and human studies on the role of COCs in the development of mental health issues through their impact on the gut microbiome
Palliative and End of Life Care for People with Substance Use Disorder and Behavioral Health Care
No full textAmblyopia screening: the current state and opportunities for optimization.
No full textINTRODUCTION: Amblyopia, the leading cause of monocular childhood vision loss, affects millions and is projected to increase. Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing vision impairment.
AREAS COVERED: This commentary reviews the current state and opportunities for improvement in amblyopia screening strategy and technology focused primarily within the United States. A review of current guidelines from organizations and a literature review of innovations between 1999 and 2024 informed this commentary. Organizations recommend routine vision screening for children, starting in infancy and continuing through adolescence. However, the variations in screening devices, components, timelines, and requirements leave room for improving outcomes. An exploration of instrument-based screening which has emerged as an alternative to traditional optotype testing will be investigated, and the risks of these instruments with high sensitivity and varying specificity will be acknowledged. Finally, new approaches to directly identify amblyopia and search for innovative biomarkers that indicate amblyopia risk or amblyopia itself will be discussed.
EXPERT OPINION: Improving the treatment of amblyopia necessitates the reimagination of current practices in connecting patients to care. Technologies that incorporate novel diagnostic approaches, like the consideration of specific biomarkers or the use of artificial intelligence, hold promise to identify cases of amblyopia rather than its risk factors