Jurnal Sains Teknologi dan Lingkungan (JSTL)
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Gambaran Imunohistokimia Synaptophisin pada Neuron Otak Tikus Pasca Mengalami Cedera Otak Traumatik: Immunohistochemistry of Synaptophisin in Rat Brain Neurons After Traumatic Brain Injury
Full text linkTBI is mechanically followed by pathomechanisms that cause damage to surrounding neurons, such as cell and tissue necrosis, inflammation, cerebral edema, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, and hyperthermia. The more severe the brain injury, the greater the impact on the inflammatory response. Therefore, this study aims to determine the histopathological description of edema in rat brain cells after TBI and to analyze the relationship between differences in trauma burden and histopathological features of brain cell inflammation, hematoma, and edema in mice after traumatic brain injury. This study uses an experimental observational-analytical research design. Sprague-Dawley mice were used as research subjects and divided into four cluster groups (and one control group) with varying trauma-loading interventions. The trauma loads given were 20 grams, 40 grams, 60 grams, and 80 grams. Following the trauma load application, the mice's brains were biopsied one hour after the intervention to observe histopathological features of inflammatory markers (synaptophysin) and brain cell edema. The data were then analyzed using the SPSS program. Twenty mice were included in this study. The results of the study showed that there was a mean load of 50 grams, and there is a mean synaptophysin percentage of 23.5%. There was a significant relationship between differences in trauma load and the percentage of post-TBI rat brain cell edema (p <0.001). There is a perfect and strong correlation between differences in trauma load and the percentage of synaptophysin (p=0.926). It was discovered that as the trauma load increased, there was a growing percentage of edema and inflammation in the histopathological features of the mice’s brains. There was a significant difference between the severity of trauma and the percentage of brain cell inflammation and edema one hour after brain injury in mice. The more severe the level of trauma given, the higher the percentage of inflammation and edema that occurs in rat brain cells. The result is especially notable since the inflammation and edema is found one hour within injury
Pengaruh Pemberian Biochar Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah Vertisol dan Pertumbuhan Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.): The Impact of Biochar Application on Alterations in Chemical Properties of Vertisol Soil and the Growth of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.)
Full text linkVertisols are soils that have a high cation exchange capacity but tend to have a low organic matter content. Meanwhile, nutrients availability in vertisol tends to be low because these elements are bound by clay particles, so the nutrient availability is limited for plantsThe aim of this research is to investigate the influence of rice husk biochar and corn cob biochar application on the changes in chemical properties of Vertisol soil and the vegetative growth of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). The study was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with an experimental approach. There were 8 treatments repeated 6 times, resulting in a total of 48 experimental units. The rice husk biochar (P) treatments included the control without rice husk biochar (BSP0), rice husk biochar at a rate of 60 g/kg soil (150 tons/ha) + 2.5 kg soil (BSP1), rice husk biochar at a rate of 30 g/kg soil (75 tons/ha) + 2.5 kg soil (BSP2), and rice husk biochar at a rate of 15 g/kg soil (37.5 tons/ha) + 2.5 kg soil (BSP3). The corn cob biochar (J) treatments included the control without corn cob biochar (BTJ0), corn cob biochar at a rate of 60 g/kg soil (150 tons/ha) + 2.5 kg soil (BTJ1), corn cob biochar at a rate of 30 g/kg soil (75 tons/ha) + 2.5 kg soil (BTJ2), and corn cob biochar at a rate of 15 g/kg soil (37.5 tons/ha) + 2.5 kg soil (BTJ3). The research data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 5%. Significant differences between treatments were further analyzed using the Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (BNJ) at a significance level of 5%. The soil analysis was carried out at the Soil Physics and Soil Chemistry Laboratories, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Mataram. The results of the research showed that biochar application influenced the chemical properties of the soil (pH, Cation Exchange Capacity, Organic-C) and the growth of mung bean plants in Lombok's Vertisol soil. Biochar did not have a significant effect on the height of mung bean plants at 7 and 14 days after planting (DAP), but it had a significant effect at 21, 28, and 35 DAP. However, the application of biochar did not significantly affect the number of leaves and dry weight of mung bean plants.
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Integrasi Ekologis Antara Ternak Sapi Dengan Pengelolaan Tanaman Jagung Yang Ditumpangsarikan Dengan Tanaman Kacang-Kacangan Di Lahan Kering: Ecological Integration Between Cattle with the Management of Corn Intercropped with Legumes on Dry Land
Full text linkThe obstacle to rearing cattle with a herding system on dry land is the unstable availability of feed because the potential for forage production is low. The reason is because dry land is not managed intensively. The research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the application of a monocrop cropping pattern system and intercropping between corn and beans in dry land. The experiment was designed with a randomized block design consisting of nine treatments, namely monocrops of corn, peanuts, soybeans, red beans and cowpeas, as well as intercropping between corn and peanuts, soybeans, red beans and cowpeas. The results of the research show that in the management of a monocrop cropping system and intercropping between corn and beans, weed diversity was found to be quite high, namely 20 families with 39 species, which included 10 species of Poaceae, 9 species of sedges and 20 species of broadleaf. The characteristics of the weeds found were high in species diversity, the ability to spread evenly throughout the corn and bean planting area was high and the ability to dominate the planting area was also high. The best quantity and quality of forage products as raw materials for animal feed are obtained from moorland management with monocrop planting patterns and intercropping of corn with peanuts and cowpeas. In this moorland management system, the potential for forage products obtained is 10.81 – 13.60 kw ha-1 day-1 and the potential land capacity for raising cattle is 5.21 – 5.53 ST ha-1
Hubungan Erodibilitas Tanah Terhadap Erosi pada Lahan Bekas Penambangan Batubara: Relationship of Soil Erodibility to Erosion in Ex-Coal Mining Land
Full text linkThe reclamation area on ex-coal mining land is very vulnerable to erosion. Soil vulnerability comes from the physical properties of the soil, the ease with which it erodes, and the topographical conditions. Erosion occurs in open areas and little overgrown with vegetation. However, this condition is of course a fundamental consideration of the factors that influence erosion. This type of research is a descriptive quantitative research, obtained from the results of empirical calculations to determine the magnitude of erosion and the correlation between erodibility and erosion variables using Smart PLS 3, at a confidence level of 5%. The results showed that the average amount of erosion on each reclamation land was 23.61 tons/ha/year with a moderate Erosion Hazard Level (TBE), and the results of the correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between erosion and the factors that affect soil erodibility. such as permeability, soil grain size, and soil organic matter content, while topographical conditions are not so significant on the amount of erosion on reclamation land, it is suspected that fine clay soil texture plays a role in reducing the erosion rate
Keanekaragaman Lumut sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Udara di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi dan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Udayana: Moss Plant Diversity as a Bioindicator of air Quality in Suranadi Natural Park and Green Open Space of Udayana
Full text linkDifferent intensity of transportation in Suranadi Natural Park and Green Open Space of Udayana effected in air quality. Decreasing of the air quality will have a serious impact on the enviroment, human health and the economy. Moss can accumulate pollutants and is sensitive to air quality degradation. it can be used as a bioindicator. The aim of the research was to determine the diversity index, abundance index of mosses and analyze air quality in the TWA Suranadi and RTH of Udayana. The research method uses quadrant 10 x 10 m whic is placed by purposive sampling. The diversity index (H′) in TWA Suranadi is low category (H′=1.4) with 5 species founded. Species with a high abundance index were Andreae sp. (45.45%), Brachythecium rutabulum (18.18%) and Taxiphyllum sp. (18.18%), while Lejeunea laetevirens (9.09%) and Hypnum cupressiforme (9.09%) are low category. The index diversity in Udayana RTH is low category (H′=1.2) with 4 species founded. Species with a high abundance index were Octoblepharum albidum (44.44%), Dicranoweisia crispula (22.22%) and Lopholejeunea sp (22.22%), while Barbula sp (11.11%) was moderate category. The moss diversity index in TWA Suranadi is higher than in Udayana RTH. Air quality in both areas is still below the threshold. Air quality affects the diversity index. Periodic monitoring of air quality needs to determine the effectiveness of mosses in absorbing pollutants
Penyisihan Kadar TDS, pH, Dan Total Coliform Dalam Pengolahan Air Hujan Menjadi Air Siap Minum: Allowance for TDS, pH, and Total Coliform Levels In The Treatment of Rainwater Into Ready-Drinking Water
Full text linkRainwater is water that falls directly from the sky due to the evaporation process. Rainwater is commonly used as drinking water by the community. However, rainwater should not be consumed directly without prior processing. This is because rainwater is acidic and has low mineral content, and still contains bacteria that can cause disease. This study aims to design and determine the efficiency value of rainwater treatment equipment into ready-to-drink water with a combination of processing through filtration and electrolysis. The parameters that will be tested in this study are TDS, pH, and total coliform. After processing, it is known that the efficiency of the series of tools in this study in removing the total coliform content is 100% and the TDS is 73.81%. However, the pH value after processing has not met the quality standard
Analisis Optimasi Aplikasi Sistem Irigasi Tetes PVC Ber-Amiter pada Variasi Lahan Bertingkat Untuk Mendukung Kegiatan Pertanian di Permukiman Perkotaan: Optimization Analysis of the Application of Emitter PVC Drip Irrigation Systems on Variations of Multistorey Land to Support Agricultural Activities in Urban Settlements
Full text linkMultilevel drip irrigation with PVC pipes is an efficient irrigation method that has the potential to be applied in urban settlements. Even though the land used is not very large, farming can be done effectively because it uses polybag land. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in PVC pipe drip irrigation networks with amiter on irrigation distribution, irrigation uniformity, and soil moisture levels with variations in irrigation duration. The test was carried out on four variations of tower water level and four variations of PVC drip irrigation networks in a multi-level system, with four variations of irrigation duration t1=5 minutes, t2=10 minutes, t3=15 minutes and t4=20 minutes. The test data analyzed includes irrigation distribution data and irrigation uniformity (Cu) and soil moisture recharge (Wt). The analysis results show that the best distribution of drip irrigation is obtained in network variation 3 with an average of 69 ml. The average uniformity obtained for Cu is above 97%, which is considered very good. Soil moisture Wt in variation 3 drip irrigation networks for a depth of 20 cm ranges from 0.69% - 21.65% at L1, at L2 around 2.16% - 21.65%, at L3 is 2.19% -21.68 % and at L4 it is 10.41% - 28.66%, so the higher the level position, the greater the soil moisture addition provided by irrigation
Studi Kuantitatif Kerapatan Lamun di Perairan Teluk Cempi: Implikasi untuk Konservasi dan Manajemen Sumber Daya Laut: Quantitative Study of Seagrass Density in the Waters of Cempi Bay: Implications for Conservation and Management of Marine Resources
Full text linkCempi Bay is an important water area with a rich and diverse ecosystem. One crucial component of marine ecosystem that plays a major role in maintaining the balance of the marine environment is seagrass. The objective of this research is to provide critical insights into the dynamics of seagrass populations in Cempi Bay and offer an overview of the broader coastal ecosystem's condition. The research, conducted in June-July 2021 at 5 research stations, employed the transect method. At each data collection point, three transect lines were created perpendicular to the coastline. The distance between transect lines was 100 m, and each transect consisted of 10 quadrants measuring 1x1 m with a 5 m distance for each quadrant. Four seagrass species were identified: Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule pinifolia, and Cymodocea serrulata. These species were found on sand substrates, with the highest total density and percentage cover observed at Station 5 (1135.22 ind/m2 and 40.74%). The results highlight the necessity for routine monitoring, mapping, and further research to comprehend seagrass population dynamics and support effective conservation policies. Implementation of recovery strategies, water quality management, and continued research support is imperative to ensure the sustainability of seagrass ecosystems and marine resources in Cempi Bay
Uji Kinerja Metode Asam Askorbat pada Pengukuran Kadar Fosfat dalam Air Permukaan secara Spektrofotometri : Performance Test of the Ascorbic Acid Method on the Measurement of Phosphate Levels in Surface Water by Spectrophotometry
Full text linkPhosphorus is easily found in its compound form in nature, namely as phosphate (PO43-). Phosphates have an essential role in limiting nutrients for plants and animals. An increase of phosphate in the aquatic environment can cause unwanted impacts, including blooming algae, low dissolved oxygen, and the death of certain aquatic animals. Determination of phosphate in the aquatic environment is critical to do as a monitoring effort. The performance test of the phosphate determination method needs to be carried out to provide quality assurance of the test results. In this study, the performance test of the ascorbic acid method was carried out in the determination of phosphate levels by spectrophotometry. The modification was made by changing the sample volume from 50 mL to 10 mL. The performance test on the linearity parameter obtained the regression equation y = 0.6379x + 0.0083 with a correlation coefficient value, r = 0.9999 in the concentration range of 0.05 – 1.00 mg/L P_PO4. The instrument detection limit (IDL), method detection limit (MDL), and the theoretical limit of quantitation (LoQ) obtained were 0.01 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, and 0.04 mg/L P_PO4, respectively. As a precision test, the value of the relative standard deviation percentage (%RSD) is 1.07%. The range of percent recovery (%recovery) obtained was 99 – 102%. The relative uncertainty value was obtained at 2.5% at 0.40 mg/L P_PO4 concentration. Robustness tests at 50 mL and 10 mL sample volumes gave acceptable F-test and t-test results. The results showed that the ascorbic acid method in determining phosphate levels by spectrophotometry with modification of the sample volume gave acceptable method performance results
Struktur Komunitas Gastropoda pada Kawasan Mangrove Pantai Gerupuk Lombok Tengah: Community Structure Of Gastropods in The Mangrove Area Of Gerupuk Beach Central Lombok
Full text linkhe purpose of this study was to determine the community structure and distribution pattern of gastropod in the mangrove area of Gerupuk Beach, Central Lombok. The field survey was conducted using the quadratic transect method and free collection in October-November 2022. The purposive random sampling was used in this study. The results showed there were 591 individuals Gastropod in all stations consisted of 4 species of Gastropod 7 families, namely Assimenia brevicula, Cassidula aurifelis, Cassidula nucleus, Littoraria carnifera, Littoraria angulifera, Littoraria scabra, Nerita undata, Cerithidea alata, Cerithidea quoyii, Telescopium Telescopium, Terebralia sulcata, Terebralia sp., Chicoreus capucinus and Nassarius reevanus. The highest abundance was found at station III with a value of 1.48 individuals per m2, where the highest abundance of gastropod species was Cerithidea alata. The diversity (H ') obtained from the three stations ranged from 1.476 to 1.996 which was categorized as medium level. Evenness index (E) from of 0.559-0.756 which were in the relatively even category. Furthermore, Domination index (C) of Gastropods range from 0.255-0.355 for low dominance. Gastropod distribution patterns in the Gerupuk Beach mangrove ecosystem are clustered and uniform. It is concluded that based on the biological indices the structure of the Gastropods community in the mangrove area of Gerupuk Beach it was in normal condition