Medioevi - Rivista di letterature e culture medievali
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Le canzoni di crociata e il canone lirico oitanico
Full text linkRIASSUNTO: Le canzoni di crociata in lingua d’oïl tendono a differenziarsi progressivamente da quelle di natura più religiosa e politica scritte dai trovatori, introducendo e sviluppando il tema dell’amore cortese tipico del grand chant courtois. Questa evoluzione in senso amoroso della canzone di crociata risulta probabilmente accentuata e amplificata dalle particolari caratteristiche della tradizione manoscritta della lirica oitanica, costituita in prevalenza da canzonieri di marcata matrice aristocratica incentrati su un canone esclusivamente dedicato all’amore cortese. Alcuni testi più legati alla tradizione occitanica del sirventese, di natura politica o morale, sopravvivono al di fuori dei canzonieri aristocratici, confinati in tradizioni periferiche non strettamente liriche: alcuni canzonieri occitani, manoscritti miscellanei anglonormanni di testi storici e giuridici, cronache francesi del tempo delle crociate. Tali testi ci consentono di penetrare in qualche modo nell’attualità dei problemi delle spedizioni in Terra Santa e costituiscono una straordinaria fonte di documentazione storica che affianca i testi delle cronache e i diplomi ufficiali.PAROLE-CHIAVE: Crociate – Poesia lirica – Amore cortese – Trovieri – Tradizione manoscrittaABSTRACT: Old French crusade songs tend to differentiate themselves progressively from those of a more religious and political bent composed by the troubadours, introducing and developing the theme of courtly love typical of the grand chant courtois. This evolution of the crusade song in the direction of love is probably emphasized and amplified by the particular characteristics of the Old French manuscript tradition, which mainly consists of songbooks of a markedly aristocratic cast based on a canon exclusively devoted to courtly love. Some texts of a political or moral nature, closer to the Occitan tradition of the sirventes, survive outside the aristocratic songbooks in peripheral traditions which are not strictly confined to the lyric, namely in some Occitan songbooks, miscellaneous Anglo-Norman manuscripts containing historical and legal texts, or French chronicles of the crusading period. Such texts provide insights into the reality of the problems of expeditions to the Holy Land and constitute an extraordinary source of historical documentation complementing that of chronicles and official documents.KEYWORDS: Crusades – Lyric Poetry – Courtly Love – Trouvères – Manuscript Traditio
Sul più antico volgarizzamento dei «Gradi» di S. Girolamo (ms. Pisa, Biblioteca Cateriniana, n. 43)
Full text linkRIASSUNTO: Il ms. Pisa, Biblioteca Cateriniana, n. 43, databile tra i secc. XIII e XIV, si presenta come una “summa poenitentialis” contenente testi in latino, francese antico e pisano. Questo contributo si propone di fare nuova luce sul codice, individuando nell’inedito Sermon qui parole d’une eschiele (ms. Parigi, Bibliothèque Mazarine, n. 788) il modello francese del più antico volgarizzamento dei Gradi di s. Girolamo.PAROLE-CHIAVE: Letteratura penitenziale – Volgarizzamento – Scala coelestis – Gradi di s. GirolamoABSTRACT: The ms. Pisa, Biblioteca Cateriniana, n. 43, dated between the XIII and XIV century, can be considered as a “summa poenitentialis” containing texts in Latin, Old French and Old Pisan. This paper aims to shed new light on the manuscript, by identifying the Old French model of this vernacula translation with the Sermon qui parole d’une eschiele (Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine, n. 788).KEYWORDS: Penitential Literature – Medieval Translation – Scala coelestis – St. Jerome’s Degree
Simon Gaunt, Marco Poloʼs Le Devisement du Monde. Narrative voice, language and diversity, Cambridge, D.S. Brewer, 2013
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L’énigme du ‘senhal’
Full text linkRÉSUMÉ: L’article se concentre sur cet élément crucial de la poésie des troubadours auquel la critique moderne a imposé le nom de “senhal” à partir d’une définition ambigue contenue dans les Leys d’Amors. Une nouvelle approche à la fois philologique et historique des sources médiévales permettra d’un côté de vérifier l’imprécision sinon l’erronéité de cette étiquette et de distinguer entre pseudonymes poétiques reférés aux interlocuteurs et signatures des auteurs, de l’autre de reconstruire quelques étapes fondamentales de la longue histoire de ces deux éléments et de leur confusion, entre les premiers troubadours et les poètes contemporains, en passant par Dante et Pétrarque.MOTS-CLÉS: Senhal – Troubadours – Leys d’Amors – Dante – PétrarqueABSTRACT: This paper focuses on a pivotal element in troubadours’ poetry, which scholars have identified as “senhal” according to an ambiguous definition given by the Leys d’Amors. On the one side, a new philological and historical approach towards medieval texts allows to confirm the inaccuracy or even the wrongness of this label and to discriminate between the authors’ signatures and the poetic pseudonyms referring to spokesmen or to the beloved woman; on the other side, it will be possible to retrace some important steps in the long history of these two elements, as well as of their mutual confusion, which proceeds from the first troubadours to contemporary poets, passing through Dante and Petrarch.KEYWORDS: Senhal – Troubadours – Leys d’Amors – Dante – Petrarch
Notice sur un nouveau témoin de la «Mélusine» en prose de Jean d’Arras
Full text linkRÉSUMÉ: Cette brève note préparatoire signale la trouvaille d’un nouveau long fragment de la Mélusine en prose de Jean d’Arras (1393). Il a été individué dans le manuscrit Cotton Otho D II de la British Library de Londres, contenant en outre six oeuvres qui concernent l’Orient, traduites par Jean le Long (1351). Cette découverte est importante d’un point de vue textuel (il s’agit probablement d’un des plus anciens témoins connus) et d’un point de vue de la diffusion de ce roman. Une étude plus détaillée suivra cette note.MOTS-CLÉS: Mélusine – Jean d’Arras – Cotton MS Otho D II – Fragment – Roman – Moyen français – Jacquette de LuxembourgABSTRACT: This short preliminary article introduces to the discovery of a new long fragment of Jean d’Arras’ Mélusine (1393). It is conserved by the Cotton MS Otho D II, which contains six travel accounts translated by Jean le Long (1351). Preceding a more exhaustive study, this note means to point out the interest of the fragment both for his textual tradition and the history of the circulation of the text.KEYWORDS: Mélusine – Jean d’Arras – Cotton MS Otho D II – Fragment – Roman – Middle French – Jacquette of Luxembourg
Avvicinamenti sillabici all’«emprise moindre de l’esthétique formelle» presso i non-occitanici
Full text linkoai:ojs.www.medioevi.it:article/13RIASSUNTO: Tre aspetti metrici (anasinalefe, anisosillabismi, incertezze di cesura epica) sono coinvolti nel presente contributo per collocare una prima batteria di problemi, soprattutto metodologici, relativi alla tenuta e alla natura delle norme metriche, in particolare nella produzione trovierica.PAROLE-CHIAVE: Metrica – Trovieri – Anisosillabismo – Anasinalefe – Cesura epica – EcdoticaABSTRACT: This paper involves three metrical features (anasynaloepha; anisosyllabism; epic caesura) in order to address the methodological problems of the character and the endurance of metrical rules in Trouvères lyric poetry.KEYWORDS: Metrics – Trouvères – Anisosyllabism – Anasynaloepha – Epic caesura – Ecdotics