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Leisure as a Coping Resource for Parent Caregivers of Children Living with Autism
Get PDFThis qualitative study explored the lived experiences of life challenges and leisure as a stress-coping resources among parent caregiver of children living with autism. These parent caregiver experiences were obtained through in-depth interviews of four mothers of children living with autism. Data were then qualitatively analyzed to ascertain meaningful themes. The results of data analysis demonstrated that parent caregivers face a number of barriers related to their leisure participation in four areas: (a) caregiving responsibilities and demands, (b) COVID-19 related barriers (c) time-related barrier and (d) interpersonal barrier. Although the participants of this study identified several barriers as parent caregivers, the findings show that they were able to negotiate some of these barriers to participate in their leisure experiences that enhanced their stress-coping efforts. The findings also revealed that leisure was used as a stress-coping resource in four ways: (1) rejuvenation through leisure, (2) mood enhancement through leisure, (3) distance from stressors through leisure, and (4) social experiences through leisure. This study discussed the importance of recreation therapists advocating for leisure education and casual forms of leisure among parent caregivers for effective coping with caregiver-related stress. This study provided practical implications for recreation therapists and other health care professionals in a related field to better understand the unique needs of this population and encourage leisure participation as a resource of stress-coping
Dwight Whitney Marsh family papers, 1835-1889, n.d.
Get PDFDwight Whitney Marsh (1823-1896) was born in Dalton, Berkshire County, Massachusetts. After graduating from Williams College in 1842 he studied theology at Andover Theological Seminary and Union Theological Seminary. After being ordained in 1849 he left America for missionary work in Mosul, Turkey. He returned to the United States in 1852 and married Julia White Peck. They returned to Mosul, where Julia died in 1859. The following year Marsh returned to the United States and lectured about missionary work and his experience in Turkey, and preached in Hinsdale, Mass. and Godfrey, Ill. In 1862 he married Elizabeth Barron and began working at the Rochester Young Ladies’ Female Seminary. He remained at the Seminary for five years and continued to preach in various Midwest churches.
In 1869 Marsh wrote a book titled The Tennessean in Persia and Koordistan. Being scenes and incidents in the life of Samuel Audley Rhea. This book was a biography of Marsh’s friend who worked as a missionary in Persia while Marsh was in Turkey. He also wrote about the genealogies of the Hitchcock and Marsh families.Contains 25 letters and other papers pertaining to Dwight Whitney Marsh and his family. The letters are written by Henry Marsh (Dwight’s father), Dwight Whitney Marsh, and Clara (Marsh) Eager (Dwight’s sister) and are addressed to their parents, spouses, and siblings. The letters are dated 1835 to 1866. Most of the letters concern family, travel and business matters. Rev. Dwight Whitney Marsh worked as a missionary in Turkey and later at a Young Ladies’ Female Seminary in Rochester. His letters were all written while he was in the United States, mostly during the American Civil War.
A letter written by Clara (Marsh) Eager from Fort Erie, Oct. 30, 1854, describes her trip to Niagara Falls, Chippawa, and Buffalo. Some of the other papers in the collection contain no date or are dated 1888-1889
T.R.H. Jenkins fonds, 1946-1960
Get PDFThomas Roland Harries (Rowly) Jenkins (1924-2020) was an engineer who worked at the English Electric Company in St. Catharines. He graduated from the University of Toronto in 1950 and was then accepted to the English Electric Company’s graduates’ training course that same year. Jenkins completed the two-year course in 1952 after advanced training with switchgear engineers. He remained with the company for several more years and was promoted to Manager of Circuit Breaker Engineering in 1956. Jenkins also served as President of the Niagara Group of Professional Engineers in 1955-56.
In 1908 the Canadian Crocker-Wheeler Company was established in St. Catharines. They produced small industrial motors that were sold under the names of Canadian Crocker-Wheeler and English Electric. The company later changed its name to the English Electric Company of Canada and produced a wider range of products including transformers, induction and synchronous motors, generators, switchboards and switching equipment, and more. The company continued to expand and by 1947 new buildings had been constructed and manufacturing facilities expanded. In 1945 Inglis acquired a controlling interest in the English Electric Company in St. Catharines, and in 1947 became a wholly owned subsidiary of the John Inglis Company. The depression in 1957-1958 caused a steep decline in business and the company was forced to shut down. In 1961 the operations moved to Scarborough.The fonds contains material acquired by T.R.H. Jenkins during the time that he was employed with the English Electric Company of Canada in St. Catharines. Materials include correspondence, photographs, reports, and a book about Inglis Canada
Characteristics of dominance: behaviours and hormones in a facultatively social bee species (Xylocopa virginica)
Get PDFIn facultatively social species such as Xylocopa virginica (eastern carpenter bee), individuals can breed either on their own or in groups, where resources are monopolized by a single dominant female. As such, we would expect that natural selection would act strongly in this species to promote traits that would make females more dominant. This thesis sets out to determine the characteristics that make female X. virginica dominant both through behavioural assays and hormonal manipulation.
I paired females with non-nestmates in dyads consisting of two dominants, two subordinates or one of each, during two separate years. I found higher levels of tolerance in dyads without a dominant female in them, but no difference in aggression between dyad types, which would have been expected if dominants tended to be the most aggressive. Behaviours also differed between years with the high population density year having higher levels of aggression and tolerance overall. Clearly many factors contribute to how female X. virginica interact with potential rivals, beyond simply their level of dominance.
I also treated females with a Juvenile Hormone (JH) analogue, methoprene, to determine whether it increases ovarian development in this species, as it does in other Hymenoptera. Increased dose of methoprene lead to increased ovarian development in X. virginica, making treated individuals better able to lay eggs and therefore to take advantage of being in a dominant social position. There was no lethal or negative sublethal effects on treated bees meaning that this method could be used in the future for field testing in this species.
I suggest that X. virginica dominance is not defined solely by aggression. There are many ways for females to gain a dominant position, and females that are not aggressive enough on their own to fight their way to a dominant position are likely to use other behaviours such as nestmate feeding to gain dominance. The outcomes of this study highlight why dominance and the factors leading to it should be considered closely for the specific species being studied, because aggression is shown to not be the main source of dominance in X. virginica
Letter by Joseph Ritner to William Ayers, January 17, 1835
Get PDFJoseph Ritner (1780-1869) was a member of the Anti-Masonic party who served as Governor of Pennsylvania from 1835-1839. Ritner came from a humble background but worked hard to improve his prospects and was elected to the General Assembly in 1820. At the time, there was public suspicion about the Masons that was supported by former Masons and some religious leaders. In 1829 Ritner was elected as the Anti-Masonic party’s candidate for governor. At first he was unsuccessful in his bids, but was finally elected as governor in 1835. While in office he publicly objected to slavery and made public education a priority, expanding the number of common schools from under 1000 to around 5000.
William Henry Harrison (1773-1841) was a military officer and politician who became President of the United States. He served as Brigadier General and was given command of the Army of the Northwest during the War of 1812, where he led his forces to victory at the Battle of the Thames. Tecumseh was killed at the battle and without his strong leadership the threat the Indians posed in the Northwest was significantly diminished. Harrison was elected President in 1840 and took office in 1841, but died within a month from pneumonia.Letter by Joseph Ritner, Washington County, January 17, 1835, to William Ayers, H. Representatives, Harrisburg, Penn. The letter is three pages and, in part, concerns the service of Gen. William Henry Harrison during the War of 1812. Ritner writes that “I have noticed some of the proceedings in regard to Genl Harrison at Harrisburg. There is certainly no man in the Union, of whom I have any knowledge, who deserves more from his country. I served a six month tour under him in the winter of 1812-13, no General ever paid more attention to his duty, nor evinced more deep concern for the health, and comfort of the troops under his command than Genl. Harrison. No. Genl. during the late war with England performed the duties assigned him more faithfully, nor with better success. He failed in nothing. He was successful in all the undertakings which he had the power to control. He has as you say been neglected; his enemies have been advanced over him, as well as others, who have performed less services and if masonry has been the cause of all this (and indeed it looks as if some mysterious agent has had a hand in controlling his destiny) I would rejoice to see him at the head of affairs, especially if he is duly sensible of the mysterious agency, and would openly avow himself the enemy of the ‘Hydra monster’”.
Ritner also discusses the Anti-Masons in the recent election, noting that “…M. Lawrence…did not particularly complain of harsh treatment by the anti-masons in the election of the U.S. although from what you mentioned in your letter, and from what I had previously learnt through other sources, I was unable to see that he (especially when he first informed on his rejection in your caucus) felt quite uncomfortable. He assured me in his letter that no bad feelings existed between the whigs and anti-mason, that there was an apparent difference, and that apparent difference might in the end prove injurious…I soothed him as much as I could under the circumstances and have no doubt but that he will act in good faith with the Anti-Masons henceforth. Indeed any other course would be a death blow to his future Political prospects in this country and would inflict a deep and lasting injury on our party…” The last page of the letter refers to the school law and funding for a school system.
A small portion of the last page has been removed, where Ritner’s signature would likely have been. A typewritten transcription of the letter is included
George Bukator poster, c. 1975
Get PDFGeorge Bukator (1913-1987) was a Niagara Falls politician who served as Mayor of Niagara Falls, Ontario, from 1973 to 1978. He began his career in politics in 1947 when he was elected a Chippawa Village Counsellor. He then served as Reeve of Chippawa for 10 years, and on the Niagara Parks Commission from 1951 to 1957. From 1959 to 1971 he was the MPP for the Niagara Falls riding. Bukator was involved in several community projects in Niagara Falls, including the development of Niagara Square, Dorchester Manor Home for the Aged, Weightman Bridge, the Victoria Avenue Public Library, the Chair-a-Van program, and the Coronation Centre. A park on the Welland River is named after him.
In addition to his political activities, Bukator is known for saving several people from drowning in the Welland and Niagara rivers. In 1938 he helped rescue two boys who had fallen into the Welland River. In 1944 he was involved in the rescue of three teenagers whose raft was swept down the Niagara River towards to Falls. For his role in this dramatic rescue he was awarded the Carnegie Bronze Medal for Bravery.A poster for George Bukator’s election as mayor. The poster reads “Let’s bring back Bukator. Citizens Committee to elect George Bukator Mayor”. The poster features a black and white photo of Bukator speaking into a microphone
On the Extendibility of a D(4)-Pair of Pell Numbers
Get PDFA Diophantine m-tuple with property D(ℓ) is a set of m integers such that the product of any two integers plus ℓ results in a perfect square. This thesis establishes that a particular family of D(4) pairs of Pell numbers can be extended to a D(4) triple by exactly one Pell number. A similar result has been found for the Diophantine triples of Fibonacci numbers, a discussion of which is included in the first chapter of this thesis. This chapter finishes with a statement of the main result of my thesis, and the subsequent chapters discuss several topics in number theory which were used to prove the main result in chapter 5. Specifically, results about continued fractions, Pell-type equations, and linear forms in logarithms were used. These topics are the subjects of chapters 2, 3 and 4, which contain some history and discussions of the important results. The conclusion of this thesis discusses some possible generalizations
Child-Adult differences in antagonist muscle coactivation: A systematic review
Get PDFAntagonist coactivation is the simultaneous activation of agonist and antagonist muscles during a motor task. Age-related changes in coactivation may contribute to observed differences in muscle performance between children and adults. Our aim was to systematically summarize age-related differences in antagonist muscle coactivation during multi-joint dynamic and single-joint isometric and isokinetic contractions. Electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies comparing coactivation in upper or lower extremity muscles between healthy children and adolescents/young adults. Of the 1083 studies initially identified, 25 met eligibility criteria. Thirteen studies examined multi-joint dynamic movements, 10 single-joint isometric contractions, and 2 single-joint isokinetic contractions. Of the studies investigating multi-joint dynamic contractions, 83% (11/13 studies) reported at least one significant age-related difference: In 84% (9/11 studies) coactivation was higher in children, whereas 16% (2/11 studies) reported higher coactivation in adults. Among single-joint contractions, only 25% (3/12 studies) reported significantly higher coactivation in children. Fifty six percent of studies examined females, with no clear sex-related differences. Child-adult differences in coactivation appear to be more prevalent during multi-joint dynamic contractions, where generally, coactivation is higher in children. When examining child–adult differences in muscle function, it is important to consider potential age-related differences in coactivation, specifically during multi-joint dynamic contractions
Income Inequality, Distributive Justice, and Sustainable Development: Implications for Niagara Peninsula Aspiring Global Geopark
Get PDFThe rising inequalities across the world, including in Canada, present a challenge to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Under the auspices of UNESCO, supporting the implementation of SDGs is one of the main missions of geoparks. It has been shown that geoparks can foster the implementation of SDG 10 (reducing inequalities), but there is a dearth of studies specifically exploring the means and channels through which a geopark can help reduce income inequality. This study aims to fill that gap by exploring income inequality in the Niagara region through the lens of distributive justice with a focus on the role of Niagara Peninsula Aspiring Global Geopark (NPAGG) in reducing income inequality in Niagara. This study employs a qualitative research approach to collect data via 16 semi-structured interviews with the NPAGG board of directors, people who are advocating for poverty alleviation and reduction of inequalities in Niagara, and local tourism-related business owners. Thematic analysis was conducted on the collected data to explore the role of the NPAGG in addressing income inequality in the Niagara region. All the participants agreed that the income inequality in Niagara is unfair and needs to be addressed. The results of the thematic analysis show that in the pursuit of more equitable distribution in Niagara, the NPAGG can present economic benefits – with a direct yet incremental impact on income inequality – and societal benefits – with indirect yet necessary implications for addressing income inequality. There are two main limiting factors identified for the NPAGG’s role in battling income disparities: 1) it is not the primary objective of the NPAGG, and 2) the problem of income inequality is much bigger than the NPAGG. Moreover, inflation, negative environmental impacts, and dependence on tourism were identified as minor risks associated with the NPAGG development. Although the findings of this study may not be generalized to other geoparks around the world, they offer understanding of what to expect from geoparks in addressing income disparities
Rodman Hall Art Centre fonds, 1958-2019, n.d.
Get PDFRodman Hall was built Thomas Rodman Merritt (1824-1906), the youngest son of William Hamilton Merritt and Catherine Prendergast. Merritt married Mary Benson in 1853. He built a grand home in St. Catharines on an extensive plot of land. Construction began around 1857 and was completed in 1863. The house became known as Rodman Hall and is located close to the junction of Twelve Mile Creek and the Second Welland Canal. Initially, the property was designed as a large garden that resembled a park. By 1852, the landscaped grounds were completed. Remnants of the garden remain today, thriving in the sheltered climate of the Twelve Mile Creek valley. In the first phase of the home's construction from 1857 to 1860, the original or west wing was built. When Merritt's older brother William Hamilton Merritt Jr. died in 1860, building materials intended for construction of a house in Montebello Park were sent to Rodman Hall to be used. That same year construction on the east wing began, which was completed in 1863. Other minor renovations were made over the years, including the addition of dormer windows and installation of stained-glass windows on the central staircase.
The house remained in the Merritt family until 1959 when it was purchased by the St. Catharines and District Arts Council. Peter Harris served as the curator and director for many years. The Council established a public art centre at Rodman Hall after a fundraising campaign to purchase and renovate the house. A new gallery was added that adjoined the former drawing room. It was used as a music studio as well as for art exhibition.
Rodman Hall became the centre for visual arts in the Niagara Peninsula. Exhibitions by local artists were held, as well as retrospective shows of James Morrice, David Milne and Emily Carr. A display of artwork by children from local public schools became an annual event. The visual arts program was supplemented by Sunday concerts, children’s theatre and evening film and lecture series. As the programs and services expanded, the facilities at Rodman Hall became increasingly inadequate. Further renovations were undertaken in 1974 after National Museums of Canada announced that Rodman Hall had been selected as a National Exhibition Centre. The expanded art centre was designed primarily as an art gallery as opposed to a facility for the performing arts, as Rodman Hall was not able to accommodate the needs of many performing arts groups. Accordingly, there was less need for an Arts Council and the name of the administering organization was changed from the St. Catharines and District Arts Council to Rodman Hall Art Centre.
Brock University acquired Rodman Hall in 2003 and continued to use it as an art gallery. During this time, the quality of the programming and publications were acknowledged nationally and provincially with several awards. The Department of Visual Arts also had a strong relationship with Rodman Hall. Students had the opportunity to use the studio space and participate in an annual graduate show curated by faculty and staff. In 2020, the university reached an agreement with community partners that saw the art collection return to community ownership and the property redeveloped by a local group known for heritage building restoration and redevelopment.Fonds consists of material acquired by Brock University during the time that Rodman Hall was owned and operated by the University and from the time that it was owned by the St. Catharines and District Arts Council. Much of the material concerns plans for the renovation of Rodman Hall and the fundraising efforts associated with those projects. This includes correspondence, financial statements, and minutes. Other material concerns the collections, exhibitions, and programming at Rodman Hall. This includes programs, news clippings, and promotional material. Information about the building and grounds are also included with some architectural plans and building specifications