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Surgite Volume 16 No. 1, Winter 2024
No full textPublication of Surgite for Volume 16, Number 1, Winter 2024. The contents are: Global Reach Grows, A Natural Wonder's New View, Exploring Outdoor Play Abroad, Unearthing Evidence as a New Epoch, Sports: A World of Experience, Global Insight Gained Through UN Co-Op, Keeping Work Safe in High Heat, Alumni Updates: Where Are They Now?, Lessons Learned Overseas
Application of L-Fuzzy Relation to Social Choice Theory
Get PDFIn situations like voting, decisions are made based on individual preferences. The majority rule might not always be the best choice for aggregating individual preferences, and individual preferences may be uncertain or partial. For example, someone may prefer a candidate over another, not absolutely, but only up to a certain degree.
The objective research of this proposal is to investigate this kind of L-Fuzzy Social Choice Theory, focusing on mathematically modeling personal preferences with uncertainty. It includes implementing visualizations and computations of the three common approaches for modeling individual preferences. The goal is to provide the most general framework in which these three common models of L-fuzzy preference are equivalent
Simply the best? Bridging perfectionism in psychology and girlhood studies
No full textPerfectionism has been a popular topic of interest in psychological research over the last three decades, with research focusing on youth emerging in the early 2000s. However, the term 'perfectionism' is rarely used outside of a psychological framework. Despite lexical differences, girlhood studies researchers have employed a sociocultural lens to study 'supergirls': teenage girls who strive to have it all, at all costs. Although these literatures seem to explore a similar phenomenon, the tend to remain disparate. Consequently, this paper argues for the utility of a multidisciplinary framework for studying youth perfectionism to bridge these two seemingly opposite, yet mutually informing, literatures. First, disciplinary understandings of youth who strive for perfection in psychology and girlhood studies, respectively, are summarized. In the following section, a multidisciplinary reading of the extant literature is applied to offer a nuanced account of who a teenage perfectionist may be and how perfectionism might manifest among diverse youth. This article concludes with a call for researchers from both psychological and sociocultural backgrounds to embrace a multidisciplinary framework for research with perfectionistic youth
Campbell Family Fonds
Get PDFCharlotte St. John, daughter of Alpheus St. John and Charlotte Phelps, one of nine children, of which four died in infancy. Charlotte was the granddaughter of Oliver Phelps and Abigail St. John. She married Jerome Beamer Oille on 3 March 1857. Jerome B. Oille and Charlotte St. John had two daughters, Harriet Oille and Elizabeth Oille.
Harriet Oille married John J. Banfield
Elizabeth Oille married John Samuel Campbell.
The Oille family were established in the Niagara region since the late 1780s. The Oille family surname is alternatively also spelled Oil, Oill, Eil or Oehl.
In 1795, Nicholas Oille petitioned the government for the title to 100 hundred acres. Oille states that he has been in Upper Canada for seven years and he has a wife and five children. At the writing of the petition, Nicholas Oille had already improved 300 of the 400 hundred acres he had originally been granted on Lots 6 & 7 in Concession 1 & 2 in Pelham Township.
George Nicholas Oille (1817-1883) was one of twelve children George Nicholas Oille and his wife Eve Decker. He owned and operated a large machinery and foundry business along the Welland Canal in St. Catharines. He was joined in his business by his brother Jerome Beamer Oille.
Harriet Oille was the daughter of George Nicholas Oille and Eve Decker. She lived with her brother George Nicholas Oille in St. Catharines. Harriet Oille died unmarried in 1884.
Lucius Sterne Oille (1830-1903) was a medical doctor practicing in St. Catharines. He received his license to practice medicine in 1858 from Sir Edmund Walker Head. He was instrumental in creating the Water Works Commission and the Niagara Central Railway. He served on the local city council and served as mayor of St. Catharines in 1878. Lucius S. Oille owned many properties in St. Catharines, one of which was the land on which The Grand Central Hotel and Sanatorium Company of St. Catharines was built ca. 1896. Oille was one of the significant shareholders of the company. When Dr. Oille passed in 1903 the bulk of his estate was inherited by his niece Elizabeth Campbell.
John Samuel Campbell (1860-1950) was a graduate of the University of Toronto and Osgoode Hall. During his university years John began his military career first in "K" Company, Queens Own rifles and then later as Commanding Officer of the 19th Lincoln Regiment from 1906 to 1910. Upon his return to St. Catharines John Campbell served as secretary in the St. Catharines Garrison Club, a social club for military men begun in 1899. After being called to the Bar, he became a partner in the firm of Campbell and McCarron and was appointed to the bench in 1916, serving until retirement in 1934.
Judge Campbell served as an alderman for several terms and was the mayor of St. Catharines in 1908 and 1909. He also served as the first chairman of the St. Catharines Public Utilities in 1914. John S. Campbell married Elizabeth Oille in 1889.
Elizabeth Campbell, daughter of Jerome B. Oille and Charlotte St. John, was active in her community. Particularly in the local women’s needlework guild. The family home "Cruachan" was located at 32 Church St. The home was demolished around 1955 for the construction of the new federal building. Cruachan is the battle cry for Highland clans Campbell and MacIntyre.
John S. Campbell and Elizabeth Oille had two sons, Harold Montgomery Campbell and John Colin Armour Campbell.
Harold Montgomery Campbell and his wife Ella Stobie had a son, Malcolm Stobie Campbell.
Andy Campbell is the son of Malcolm Stobie Campbell and Mona McPherson. The archives were in his possession until November 2023 when they were deposited in the Brock University Archives.
The Grand Central Hotel and Sanatorium Company of St. Catharines Limited was incorporated on 27 February 1896. Elizabeth Oille Campbell was the major shareholder, with John S. Campbell, William Cooke, John Henderson, J. Albert Mills and Lucius S. Oille being minority shareholders. The company held regular meetings and conducted the business of the hotel. The hotel was leased to various proprietors over the years and the main floor shops were leased as retail space. Some of the hotel proprietors were R.J. Hannah and the Misses Pauwels and Mackie.
In 1928 the company underwent a name change to the Lincoln Hotel Company. The hotel building was sold in XXXX after which the company dealt mostly in investments with the Campbell family being the main shareholders.
In 1973 the Lincoln Hotel Company was dissolved and the remaining assets dispersed.The textual materials of the Campbell and Oille families. Includes correspondence, clippings, land transaction documents, and business records, including minutes, invoices, correspondence, and certificates
Identifiability of Linear Threshold Decision Making Dynamics
Get PDFThe binary-decision dynamics of two types of individuals; coordinators who tend to choose the more common option among others and anti-coordinators who avoid the common option can be modeled using the linear (anti-)threshold model. Each individual has a time-invariant threshold and decides whether to choose an option by comparing his threshold with the proportion of the population who have already chosen that option. The resulting decision-making dynamics can be predicted and controlled, provided that the thresholds are known. In practice, however, the thresholds are unknown, and often only the evolution of the total number of individuals who have chosen one option is known. The question then is whether the thresholds are identifiable given this quantity over time, which can be considered as the output of the decision-making dynamics. Identifiability investigates the recoverability of the unknown parameters given the error-free outputs, inputs, and the developed equations of the model. Different notions of and methods to test identifiability exist for dynamical systems defined in the continuous state space. However, the decision dynamics of the linear threshold model is defined in the discrete state space. We develop the identifiability framework for discrete space systems and highlight that this is not an immediate extension of the continuous space framework. Then, we investigate the threshold identifiability of both coordinators and anticoordinators in the linear threshold model. For both the synchronous and asynchronous dynamics, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the identifiability of coordinating and anticoordinating populations. The results open the door for reliable estimation of the thresholds and in turn prediction and control of the decision-making dynamics using real-world data
Transcriptome assembly reveals putative genes involved in monoterpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Ochrosia elliptica.
Get PDFMonoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) are a class of plant-derived secondary metabolites which display valuable pharmacological properties, including the anticancer drug vinblastine from Catharanthus roseus and the antihypertensive reserpine from Rauvolfia serpentina. Decades of research employing methods such as radiolabelled feeding studies, protein purification, transcriptome sequencing, gene silencing, mutant screening, and cell culture have facilitated the characterization of dozens of MIA pathway genes in these two species. This knowledge is now facilitating the identification and characterization of biosynthetic pathways of other MIA-producing species through the ability to generate high-throughput sequencing databases and search for homologues of existing MIA biosynthetic genes.
Ochrosia elliptica accumulates biologically active MIAs, including the antitumour ellipticine and the analgesics apparicine and conolidine. Little is known about the biosynthesis of these MIAs, however. In this study, the O. elliptica leaf transcriptome was generated using Illumina sequencing and assembled de novo into ~25 000 representative peptide sequences with the Trinity pipeline. The transcriptome was used to identify OeOMT, which showed activity towards 16-hydroxytabersonine and is expected to accept other endogenous and unidentified MIA substrates. Eleven CYP candidates were also identified from the transcriptome and cloned, but no activity was observed towards 11 MIA substrates tested here. Another CYP candidate, Oe10HL1, showed activity towards tabersonine, although its endogenous substrate remains unknown. Recombinant Oe10HL1 and OeOMT were biochemically characterized using their non-natural substrates tabersonine and 16-hydroxytabersonine, respectively, towards which they exhibited high KM values. The transcriptome will provide a valuable resouce for future ongoing research into MIA biosynthetic pathways
Motor unit fring rates during slow and fast contractions in boys and men
Get PDFBackground Motor unit (MU) activation during maximal contractions is lower in children compared with adults. Among
adults, discrete MU activation difers, depending on the rate of contraction. We investigated the efect of contraction rate on
discrete MU activation in boys and men.
Methods Following a habituation session, 14 boys and 20 men completed two experimental sessions for knee extension and
wrist fexion, in random order. Maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIC) was determined before completing trapezoidal
isometric contractions (70%MVIC) at low (10%MVIC/s) and high (35%MVIC/s) contraction rates. Surface electromyography
was captured from the vastus lateralis (VL) and fexor carpi radialis (FCR) and decomposed into individual MU action
potential (MUAP) trains.
Results In both groups and muscles, the initial MU fring rate (MUFR) was greater (p<0.05) at high compared with low
contraction rates. The increase in initial MUFR at the fast contraction in the VL was greater in men than boys (p<0.05).
Mean MUFR was signifcantly lower during fast contractions only in the FCR (p<0.05). In both groups and muscles, the rate
of decay of MUFR with increasing MUAP amplitude was less steep (p<0.05) during fast compared with slow contractions.
Conclusion In both groups and muscles, initial MUFRs, as well as MUFRs of large MUs were higher during fast compared
with slow contractions. However, in the VL, the increase in initial MUFR was greater in men compared with boys. This
suggests that in large muscles, men may rely more on increasing MUFR to generate torque at faster rates compared with boys
Solvent-free zinc-catalysed hydroboration of esters
Get PDFThis study presents the synthesis of a novel hemilabile bidentate amido phosphine sulfide
III-10 ligand and introduces a new synthetic route to the previously reported amido/phosphine III-
12 and amido phosphine oxide III-11 analogues. The present study outlines the synthesis, isolation
and characterization of zincII methyl complexes III-13 and III-14 supported by III-10 and III-12,
respectively. The catalytic applications of these complexes in the hydroboration of several organic
substrates, including esters, nitriles, and quinoline, have been documented. When esters were
subjected to the reaction conditions involving III-14 and HBcat, it was shown that ZnMe2 is
formed in situ. It was then established that ZnMe2 was an active catalyst for efficient reduction of
esters, resulting in moderate to good yields
The Socio-Legal Regulation of BDSM in Canada
Get PDFThis research examines Canadian case law and the lived experiences of BDSM practitioners articulated on the blog Reddit, using critical discourse analysis in order to understand: (i) How is BDSM framed in legal discourse? (ii) To what extent do dominant discourses produce a criminalised sexual subjectivity for BDSM practitioners? (iii) What interpretive repertoires do BDSM participants in different social locations (e.g., race, class, gender, disability) employ to describe their experiences negotiating consent? (iv) How might an analysis of people’s perspectives and policy arguments contribute to public and scholarly debates by recognizing the social value of BDSM practice? The findings illustrate several discourses, which are categorised by those found within case law data and Reddit data. The discourses found in case law include: Moral custodianship, deviance as a social contagion, biopolitical sexual regulation, state paternalism, and sexual citizenship. The discourses located within Reddit data include: Social-sexual dynamics and hierarchies, self-empowerment/confidence and self-worth, visibility of kink, consent/choice, pleasure/eroticism in kink, and counter-hegemonic pleasures/identities. The distinctions between discursive categories are often blurred as many adjudications and Reddit posts draw from multiple discursive narratives in the appeal for legal action against BDSM-related activities, and the narratives of personal experiences within BDSM communities. Consent, as a concept and practice, is present in Canadian case law and the narratives of BDSM community members within this study. Particularly, this research investigates the nuances of consent, its fluidity, and what consent means in the language of the law as compared to the practices of consent within BDSM-related encounters. Through the narratives of BDSM community members on Reddit, bloggers voice and resist dominant socio-legal discourses that frame their non-normative sexualities as immoral, deviant, and ultimately, criminal. Giving voice to BDSM practitioners contributes to a greater understanding of consent. The corollary of this research is the possibility of utilising the expert knowledge of BDSM community members in differentiating between consented BDSM play and willful sexual assault
Reinforcement Learning-based Time-Dependable Modelling of Fog Connectivity for Software-Defined Vehicular Networks
Get PDFConnected vehicles are crucial in strengthening vehicular and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) by enabling autonomous and dynamic data sharing across the vehicular network. Extensive research has been conducted to predict connectivity, alongside thedevelopment of diverse techniques to manage this essential aspect. In recent times, learning methodologies have become increasingly popular for their ability to effec-tively handle sophisticated models adaptively. Various machine learning algorithms have been demonstrated as convincing methods for rendering any system flexible andpredictive. We thus propose a Learning based Adaptive Connectivity Estimation Model LACM. This model calculates and enhances the connectivity among differentstates and actions, monitoring their changes over time. The purpose of this model is to accurately depict the current connectivity status and predict potential fluctuations in fog connectivity. This model will utilize networking and vehicular characteristics to make the accuracy of its predictions. The design of this model aims to tackle the complexity of the problem by incorporating detailed data into a large state space representation, thereby enhancing adaptability. The second part of our work proposes a Time Dependent Connectivity Estimation Model, TDCM. Incorporating time dependency in the model helps to forecast the alterations in cluster lifestyles. It shows the progression of cluster evolution, significantly contributing towards achieving a stable and reliable network. Utilizing Long Short-Term Memory within an RL-based framework enables the system to enhance decision-making accuracy through predictions related to connectivity and network maintenance. Extensive analysis conducted through realistic simulations demonstrated that both LACM and TDCM strongly support estimating and maintaining stable connectivity over time. Our evaluation compared a previous state-of-the-art approach, showing that LACM and TDCM consistently enhanced the connectivity within the network