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Who Benefits from Coastal Fisheries? Assessing the Distributional Equity
Get PDFFisheries play a crucial role in global food security, economic development, and the livelihoods of millions of people, yet their benefits are unevenly distributed. To assess distributional equity in coastal fisheries, this study examined the proportion of total catch in coastal nations attributed to domestic versus foreign fleets. Using data from the Sea Around Us database for 142 countries, the study calculated a "fair catch proportion value" ranging from 0 to 1, where 0 represents the least equitable and 1 the most equitable distribution. The analysis revealed that 54% of the countries studied had equitable fair catch proportion values, ranging from 0.9 to 1.0. In contrast, three regions—Western Africa, the Pacific Island Countries, and Northern Europe—exhibited relatively inequitable values (below 0.6). These findings suggest that progress is being made toward equitable fisheries management and that fair catch proportion values serve as a useful indicator for evaluating distributional equity
The Association Between Procrastination and Mood in Young Children
Get PDFProcrastination is a common human behaviour defined as an irrational act of putting off important tasks knowing that the delay will have negative future consequences (Steel et al., 2007). Despite being well-studied in adult populations, little is known about procrastination in childhood. According to the Temporal Mood-Repair Theory (Sirois & Pychyl, 2013), procrastination reduces negative affect in the short term when an undesirable task is delayed but increases negative affect in the long term when the consequences of procrastination are faced. The present study examined the procrastination behaviour in relation to mood of 5- and 7-year-old children (Ns = 21 in Phase 1, 28 in Phase 2, and 25 in Phase 3) recruited through the Growing with Brock database. Children’s procrastination behaviour was assessed using a newly developed behavioural task called the Storybook Task, in which children had the opportunity to decide whether to watch a video (a desirable activity) or listen to a storybook (an undesirable activity), knowing that they would be asked questions about what happened in the story later regardless of their choice. Their mood was measured using a 9-point visual emotion scale at three time points: at baseline before the task (Time 1), after their chosen activity (Time 2), and after answering the storybook comprehension questions (Time 3). I predicted that children who chose to procrastinate would experience an improvement in their mood immediately after procrastinating, but that their mood would be worsened after they had faced the consequences of procrastination. In contrast, I expected that children who choose not to procrastinate would experience a worsening of their mood after completing less desirable activity compared to baseline but would have improved mood after they were able to correctly answer the storybook comprehension questions. Although not statistically significant, the preliminary results partially support my predictions. Results are discussed in relation to Temporal Mood-Repair theory and the previous literature on the connection between adults’ mood and their procrastination
Assessing Barriers and Facilitators in Parent-Implemented Behavioural Programming
Get PDFParents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities may face competing demands and other barriers when attempting to implement behavioural strategies to support their children; therefore, understanding how to best support them is highly warranted. A function-based approach to behaviour programming considers the impact of environmental variables and is known to be effective when supporting child behaviour. However, clinicians often measure parent adherence and accuracy in implementing programming without exploring what environmental variables may serve as barriers and facilitators to their success. This study aimed to address this important gap in the research by formally assessing barriers and facilitators to parent-implemented programs through a comprehensive functional behaviour assessment, including experimental functional analysis (EFA). Three participants (1 clinician and 2 parents) were recruited and completed indirect assessments to evaluate barriers and facilitators impacting parent implementation of two behavioural programs. Through these indirect assessments and direct observation response acquisition was hypothesized to be impacting implementation, and a synthesized barrier-matched support was designed. The impact of the synthesized barrier-matched support on one parent’s treatment integrity was evaluated using an alternating treatments-multi-element design. Treatment integrity scores were increased from M=25% within initial observations to M=100% across an extended barrier-matched support phase. Results from this novel application of EFA aimed to equip clinicians to better assess parent implementation in an individualized manner. This research extends the EFA literature beyond challenging behaviour to identifying barriers and improve parent training outcomes
Dynamic Strength Index and Countermovement Jump Performance in Female and Male Collegiate Basketball Athletes Across a Competitive Season
No full textBackground: Basketball demands high levels of strength and power for actions such as jumping, sprinting, and changing direction. Monitoring these physical attributes across a competitive season can help inform training strategies. The countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) are widely used to assess power and strength. The Dynamic Strength Index (DSI), calculated as the ratio of CMJ peak force to IMTP peak force, offers insight into the strength–power profile of athletes and may inform individualized training approaches. However, limited research exists on seasonal changes in DSI, CMJ metrics, and joint kinematics in basketball athletes, particularly across time and between sexes.
Purpose: This study aimed to compare DSI, CMJ outputs (jump height (JH), reactive strength index modified (mRSI), countermovement depth (CMD), and relative propulsive net impulse (RPNI)), and lower extremity kinematics (hip, knee, ankle) across four timepoints in a competitive basketball season among female and male collegiate athletes.
Methods: Twelve female and six male varsity basketball athletes completed CMJ and IMTP assessments at pre-season, early-season, late-season, and off-season timepoints. CMJ outputs were recorded using bilateral force plates (1000Hz, Hawkin Dynamics, ME, USA). Three-dimensional kinematic data were captured through OpenCap (Stanford University, CAL, USA) using two iPads (120Hz; Apple Inc., 7th generation). Mean peak force from CMJ and IMTP trials were used to compute DSI. Mean and standard deviation for DSI, CMJ JH, and bilateral delta ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, and hip flexion angles during the eccentric phase of CMJ were calculated. Repeated-measures ANOVA were used to identify significant differences in DSI, CMJ JH, mRSI, CMD, RPNI, and ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, and hip flexion angles between sex and across timepoints; pairwise comparisons were used for post hoc testing (p<.05, IBM SPSS, v.29).
Results: A significant interaction between time and sex was found for DSI (p = .011), with females showing the highest DSI in the pre-season and males peaking in the early-season. Males consistently produced higher CMJ JH, mRSI, and IMTP peak forces than females (p < .001), but females demonstrated significantly higher overall DSI scores (p = .003). JH and mRSI significantly increased over time (p < .05), while CMD increased in females but decreased in males (p = .006). A significant time by sex interaction was also observed for delta hip flexion, with females exhibiting greater increases in flexion across the season.
Conclusion: DSI and CMJ outputs evolve differently between sexes across a basketball season. Female athletes adopted a jump strategy with increased hip flexion and CMD, potentially as an adaptation to cumulative fatigue or load. These findings highlight the importance of sex-specific monitoring and suggest that incorporating DSI and kinematic analysis can guide training prescriptions for female and male basketball athletes to optimize performance
When Anxiety Meets Impulsivity: A Risk Factor for Poor Effortful Control
Get PDFLong viewed as opposing traits, anxiety and impulsivity are increasingly recognized for their co-occurrence. Yet, effortful control (EC) in the context of impulsivity and anxiety remains underexplored. EC refers to a group of self-regulatory functions, including inhibitory control (IC), attentional control (ATTC), and activation control (ACTC), that support goal-directed behaviour. This study examined the relationships among trait anxiety, impulsivity, and EC in 104 young adults. Participants completed self-report measures of trait anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Inventory), impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), and EC functions (Adult Temperament Questionnaire), along with a mixed antisaccade eye tracking task as a behavioural measure of IC. Participants were independently categorized into high- and low-anxiety groups, as well as high-and low-impulsivity groups using a median split. Independent samples t-test revealed that high-anxious (HA) participants did not significantly differ on antisaccade performance (antisaccade correct mean reaction time, antisaccade percent correct) compared to low-anxious (LA) participants, but HA participants self-reported lower levels of EC compared to LA participants. Group differences between high-impulsive (HI) and low-impulsive (LI) participants followed a similar pattern. Moderation results showed that trait anxiety was negatively related to self-reported attentional control, but only at low and medium levels of impulsivity. These findings highlight that the relationship between trait anxiety and EC, particularly ATTC, might differ depending on the level of impulsivity. Moreover, the observed discrepancy between self-report and behavioural measures of EC emphasizes the importance of using multi-method assessments to measure self-regulatory functions
Superintendent of Indian Affairs in the Northern District of North America records, 1777-1791
Get PDFThe original documents form the larger Superintendent of Indian Affairs in the Northern District of North America fonds, Reference R10943-0-8-E, MG19-F35 held by Library and Archives Canada.
Fonds consists of select documents retained in personal custody by Sir William Johnson and his successors as Superintendent of Indian Affairs. The correspondence, journals and minutes, proceedings of Councils with native peoples, certificates, financial records and other documents complement and supplement the official records (preserved in Record Group 10). The documents are organized in two series, reflecting their presentation at the auction sales. Series 1 comprises ten originals and photocopies of another 133 items. Series 2 comprises 149 original items. The entire fonds is available on microfilm, reels H-2943 to H-2944.
Source: https://recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/home/record?idnumber=107265&app=FonAndCol&ecopy=e010790221The record contains photocopies of a selection of correspondence and communication from and to Col. John Butler of the Butler’s Rangers between 1777 and 1791 [non-inclusive]
Perfect image, depressed mood: Pathways from perfectionistic self-presentation to depressive symptoms through online and in-person connectedness among Canadian adolescents
Get PDFThe Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model (PSDM) contends that perfectionism predicts psychopathology via social disconnection and has received support in adult and adolescent samples. However, little is known about the role of online connection. Consequently, this work tested whether online social connection and in-person social support unique mediate the relation between perfectionistic self-presentation and depressive symptoms among adolescents. A community sample of 354 adolescents (Mage = 15.51, SD = 2.07; 68.93% female; 73.44% White) completed surveys assessing these constructs at three timepoints, each spaced approximately 2 months apart. Results supported the PSDM at the between-persons level such that perfectionistic self-presentation was related to depressive symptoms via online social connection and in-person social support. Importantly, these findings both replicate previous work which have predominantly focused on in-person connectedness and extend this body of work by demonstrating that online social connection is a significant mediator over and above the role of in-person social support. However, there was no longitudinal evidence for the PSDM at the within-persons level. Future directions and implications are discussed.Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. Grant Number: 435-2017-1472. Canada Research Chairs. Grant Number: CRC-2020-0009
Reclaiming Engagement: A Narrative Inquiry into Inquiry-Based Literacy for Reluctant and Struggling Readers
Get PDFPresented at the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies (CERLL) 6th Symposium of Southern Ontario Universities (SSOU) on October 25, 2025, at Niagara College, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.This presentation shares a narrative inquiry examining how inquiry-based pedagogy shaped student engagement in a Grade 10 Locally Developed English classroom. Common “gap-closing” framings can position students in non-academic pathways as disengaged or incapable. This study documents how agency, curiosity, and emotional investment emerged when instruction was flexible, responsive, and multimodal. Grounded in reflective journals kept across a five-week reading unit, the analysis draws on frameworks of reflective practice, reflexivity, and narrative inquiry to center the teacher-researcher’s perspective. The unit integrated a graphic novel, student-designed inquiry prompts, self-paced digital tools, and optional AI-supported creative tasks. Findings surface five interrelated dimensions of engagement—agency, emotional and cognitive investment, confidence and skill development, perseverance, and curiosity—operating as a mutually reinforcing model. The session offers classroom-based data and a practical frame for re-engaging readers labeled “reluctant” or “struggling,” arguing for bridges between curriculum and lived experience and inviting participants to consider where inquiry can move classrooms from compliance to connection
Holocene Vegetation and Climate Dynamics at Two Treeline Lakes, Northwest Territories
Get PDFUnderstanding how northern ecosystems responded to past climate change is critical for predicting ecological responses to modern climate change. This thesis reconstructed vegetative responses to Holocene (natural), and modern (anthropogenic) climate change. Sediments were analyzed from Queen’s Lake and McMaster Lake, located ~ 2 kilometers (km) from one another and ~25 km north of the boreal treeline in the shrub tundra, Northwest Territories. Sediments were analyzed for pollen, sedimentary DNA (sedaDNA), organic content, and magnetic susceptibility. Radiometric ages were calculated to infer temporal ecological shifts.
In the early Holocene, ~10,500 calibrated years before present (cal yr BP), the climate was cold, organic content in lake sediments was low, and the landscape included herbaceous and shrub tundra. By ~8000 cal yr BP, organic content increased in response to gradual warming. By ~7300 cal yr BP, Picea pollen abundance began to rise at Queen’s Lake, indicating northward advancement of the boreal treeline. Picea pollen continued to rise throughout the mid-Holocene, peaking at ~5600 cal yr BP. This aligns with the DNA record, with Pinaceae DNA being detected at ~5850 cal yr BP, confirming the local presence of trees at the study site. A mix of shrubs, grasses, moss, ferns, and wetland taxa, were also identified in the pollen and DNA records in the mid-Holocene, suggesting that a structurally complex and dynamic vegetative ecosystem had developed. This ecosystem supported large herbivores and predators, with Canis lupus DNA found at ~5850 cal yr BP, and Cervidae and Rangifer tarandus DNA found between ~5380 – 2360 cal yr BP. Following Neoglacial cooling in the late Holocene, the treeline retreated southward to its modern position. However, these results may be limited by poor sedaDNA preservation.
Modern warming is occurring at a faster pace than mid-Holocene warming. Despite rapid warming, modern pollen records do not exhibit meaningful or straightforward shifts. Subtle vegetation changes are captured at Queen’s Lake, with an increase in Betula pollen in ~1980. Meanwhile, McMaster Lake shows a decline in shrubs and an increase in Pinus pollen in ~1960. Further monitoring is required to fully understand the fate of boreal ecosystems under a changing climate
Ron Wright collection, 1903-2005
Get PDFThe collection contains aerial photographs of the Welland Canal, correspondence related to Ontario Power Company turbines at the Niagara Falls generating plant, mechanical drawing and various publications