Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy
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Risk factors for post-traumatic seizures in patients with penetrating brain injury
No full textBallistic injuries are a leading cause of penetrating brain injury (PBI) worldwide. PBI is associated with a myriad of complications including seizure. An estimated 26,871 cases of PBI were reported in the United States over five years, and the incidence of post-traumatic seizures estimated at 1 in 50. Despite the presumed high prevalence of seizures in this patient population, there has yet to be investigation into post-traumatic seizures specifically related to PBI. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of seizure in PBI and risk factors associated with post-traumatic epilepsy. This observational study was conducted on data retrospectively collected from patients with gunshot wounds to the head admitted to a single Level 1 trauma center between May 1, 2018 and January 31, 2025 using data from the REDCap PBI database. Patients were stratified by presence of seizure during hospital stay and analyzed for statistical significance of independence using Welch\u27s two sample t-test. Preliminary data analysis show the Glasgow-Coma Scale post 24 hours (CI=0.98), , presence of vascular injury (CI=0.96), injury intention (p=0.02), and bullet traversion across the midline (p=0.02), to be factors associated with post-traumatic seizure in thi patient population
Pulse Shaping for Controlling Gate Sensitivity and Performing Noise Extrapolation
No full textPulse shaping, which is the modification of the physical waveforms, is often used to control the behavior of quantum technologies. By tailoring the amplitude and phase of pulses, pulse shaping can be utilized to enhance fidelity or adjust the sensitivity of the basic operations in quantum communication and computing. Most modern error mitigation tries its best to avoid pulse shaping, but we are instead introducing it as a tool. Zero noise extrapolation (ZNE), a common error mitigation protocol in quantum computing, was originally implemented using simple pulse shaping based on stretching the gate duration. Extrapolation from long durations to the zero duration limit allowed scientists to estimate circuit outputs as if no time-sensitive decoherence has occured. In this work, we extend ZNE by applying trajectory-based pulse optimization to systematically adjust the sensitivity of gates to common error sources, while preserving gate fidelity. We systematically explored the trade-off between gate duration and error sensitivity. Quantum gate trajectories were simulated and extracted using the Quantum Collocation framework, and used to implement gates with drift errors. With this, we demonstrate that creating shaped pulses that are sensitive or robust to errors successfully improves fidelity of quantum computations
Calculating Systematic Uncertainties of Lepton Energy Scale
No full textThe Standard Model is a theory that classifies all of the known elementary particles and the forces that mediate their interactions. However there have been theories proposed which extend the Standard Model that imply the existence of the doubly charged Higgs boson. This theoretical particle decays into Standard Model leptons that can be detected and measured in current particle colliders. In the colliders, the calorimeter measures the energy of leptons passing through it, but the collected data needs to be scaled by certain constants to calculate their energy. However, there are systematic uncertainties for the scaling of the data as a result of imperfections in the scaling process. We calculate these systematic uncertainties and present our results on these estimates
An R Package to Determine Sample Size for Desired Predictive Power in Linear Regression
No full textIn predictive studies, it is important to know the amount of data needed to obtain a given prediction accuracy. Typically, models built on larger datasets produce more accurate results but are more expensive, so knowing the minimal number of samples needed to achieve a certain accuracy level can save costs. This project creates an R package that generates the efficient sample size needed to obtain given criterion for predictive accuracy. The criterion used is based on the predictive mean square error (PMSE) and relative proportional reduction of PMSE. The function allows for different measures of effect size as inputs, and accounts for number of predictors and their correlations. It can use parameters like predictor error variance and the covariance matrix of predictors, or it can use other values like R2 and Cohen’s f2, in obtaining a sample size. These values can typically be obtained from previous studies or appropriate assumptions. The function is applied to a real study on pain intensity in older black women, demonstrating a practical application in planning prediction-related studies. These calculations are also validated by simulations on the data
Analysis of the 2023 Low-Latitude Polar Low Using Reanalysis and Radar Observations
No full textPolar Lows (PLs) are small but intense hurricane-like maritime cyclones that form poleward and westward of the primary extratropical cyclone circulation track over the Atlantic and Pacific Arctic regions and Southern Ocean. In 2023, a very unusual Polar Low occurred at 36º latitude near the eastern coast of the United States – the lowest latitude for a recorded PL. Through aircraft radar observations and reanalysis datasets, this study examines the storm’s structure and thermodynamic properties. Trajectory modelling using NOAA’s HYSPLIT reveals air parcel origins and potential mechanisms leading to the formation of the storm. The storm developed along a strong temperature gradient, with heat fluxes from the ocean’s surface destabilizing the atmosphere, resulting in the PL’s development. This behavior was similar to a class of polar lows forming at high latitude that develop as a result of conversion of potential to kinetic energy drawn from the associated temperature gradient. The latent and sensible heat fluxes from the ocean surface provided further energy to maintain the storms over 36 hours as it moved northeast across the Atlantic. This analysis will aid in the understanding of Polar Lows and the unique circumstances causing this unusual storm
Weaving STEAM into Tradition: The Science and Art Behind the Mexican Zarape
No full textThis presentation explores the deep interconnection between traditional Mexican textile practices and modern STEAM education through the lens of the zarape. The zarape is more than a cultural artifact—it embodies centuries of scientific, technological, artistic, and mathematical knowledge. From the physics of hand-spun cotton and wool to the chemistry of natural dyes and the mathematical patterns in weaving, the process of creating a zarape offers powerful ancestral knowledge of STEAM in action
Family Reading Night 2025
No full textElementary students enjoyed getting their faces painted by IMSA volunteer students at the Family Reading Night 2025 event , hosted by the IMSA Library.https://digitalcommons.imsa.edu/homepage/1082/thumbnail.jp
Family Reading Night 2025
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.imsa.edu/frn_images_2025/1021/thumbnail.jp
Family Reading Night 2025
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.imsa.edu/frn_images_2025/1022/thumbnail.jp
Family Reading Night 2025
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.imsa.edu/frn_images_2025/1011/thumbnail.jp