Jurnal Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
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Dietary pattern and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A literature review
Get PDFNutrition has been identified as the primary modifiable factor, and the type of food, macronutrients, and micronutrient composition of the diet have distinct effects on gut microbiota and related metabolites. These effects significantly influence the mechanisms that regulate hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, influencing gut microbiota remodeling and the development of T2DM. This study aimed to gather information on changes in gut microbiota composition (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) and describe the beneficial or detrimental effects, impacts, and outcomes of macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein, and fat) and fiber on gut microbiota composition in T2DM. Nine English articles were obtained from the literature review. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium can positively reduce the blood glucose levels. Changes in the gut microbiota and its metabolites, which are influenced by carbohydrate, protein, lipid, and fiber intake, can worsen or decrease biochemical parameters and improve T2DM complications. The conclusion of this literature review is that gut microbiota can be crucial in the future treatment of diabetes mellitus, especially in combination with other therapeutic options
Navigating hospital foodservice satisfaction: Insights from Importance-Performance Map Analysis
Get PDFHospital food service satisfaction is critical to inpatient care quality and affects patients’ experiences and well-being. This study employed Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to systematically evaluate and enhance food service satisfaction in inpatient care within healthcare facilities. A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted in August 2023 at a 300-bed private hospital in Central Jakarta involving 324 conscious patients aged > 17 years. The Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ACHFPSQ) was used to measure various food service factors. IPMA analysis has illuminated a strategic path for healthcare institutions to enhance food service satisfaction. IPMA analysis showed that Meal Taste, Meal Portion, and Meal Serving were highly important and performed well. These aspects should be maintained to ensure satisfaction with food services. Meal Variety and Utensils were identified as areas of high importance but low performance, warranting improvement. By acknowledging the strengths (meal taste, meal portion, and meal serving) and weaknesses (meal variety and utensils) of various food service components and prioritizing improvements accordingly, hospitals can better cater to the preferences and needs of their inpatient population, ultimately leading to increased satisfaction and improved overall healthcare experience.
Preventive effect of mulberry (Morus alba) leaf tea on low-density lipoprotein and malondialdehyde levels in dyslipidemic sprague-dawley rats
Get PDFA high-fat diet can lead to dyslipidemia, which is characterized by elevated levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL). LDL is rapidly oxidized, resulting in oxidative stress. This increase in oxidative stress can lead to lipid peroxidation, ultimately producing Malondialdehyde (MDA). One way to prevent increased LDL and MDA levels is to consume mulberry leaf tea (MLT). This study aimed to analyze the effects of MLT administration on LDL and MDA levels in dyslipidemic Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). This study was conducted in 2021 at the Laboratory of the Center for Food and Nutrition Studies at Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. True experimental research with a randomized pre- and post-test control-group design was used in this study. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. After 21 days of intervention, LDL and MDA levels were analyzed using CHOD-PAP and ELISA, respectively. One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses. The administration of 36 mg and 72 mg of MLT for 21 days was able to have a significant effect on reducing LDL (p= 0,000) and MDA (p= 0,000) levels. In conclusion, mulberry leaf tea decreased the LDL and MDA levels in Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat diet
Analisis proksimat dan aktivitas antioksidan teh herbal daun tin (Ficus Carica L.) menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl)
Get PDFBackground: Excess free radicals can cause degenerative diseases. Antioxidants are important compounds that counteract free radicals. Treatment with natural ingredients is considered safe and has relatively few side effects. plant that can counteract free radicals is the tin plant (Ficus Carica L.). The dried leaves of tin (Ficus Carica L.) can be used as herbal tea.Objectives: To determine the levels of proximate components and prove the antioxidant activity of Tin leaf herbal tea (Ficus Carica L.) using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil) method.Methods: This study used a laboratory experimental design. The research was conducted in the Department of Hebarium Biology FMIPA and Chemistry Laboratory FKIP Syiah University. Proximate content analysis included moisture, ash, and fiber content (gravimetry), protein content (Kjeldahl), fat content (Soxhletation), and carbohydrate content (by difference Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazil) method on tin leaf herbal tea (Ficus Carica L.) with samples of 5 (five) concentrations of 2; 4; 6; 8; and 10 ppm. Data were analyzed by calculating the percent inhibition and determining the IC50 value..Results: The results of proximate analysis showed that tin leaf herbal tea (Ficus Carica L.) contained 559% water; 7,70% ash; 3,26% fat; 7,56% protein; 4,79% crude fiber; and 71,10% carbohydrate. Tin leaf herbal tea (Ficus Carica L.) is proven to have the ability to reduce free radicals with the DPPH method with very strong intensity, where theresulting IC50 is 7,21 ppm, where vitamin C as a comparison produces an IC50 value of 6,65 ppm which is categorized as very strong.Conclusion: Tin leaf herbal tea (Ficus Carica L.) tested using the DPPH method has antioxidant activity and the IC50 value of Tin leaf herbal tea of 7.21 ppm shows that the activity of Tin leaf herbal tea (Ficus carica L.) is categorized in a very strong category as an antioxidant.Keywordsantioxidant, tin leaves, herbal tea, DPPH, proximat
Pengetahuan dan tindakan orang tua tentang pertumbuhan gigi tetap dengan terjadinya gigi crowded pada anak sekolah dasar
Get PDFBackground: Crowded teeth are a condition where the teeth are crowded together in the oral cavity because the jaw is small so it does not accommodate enough teeth. Based on the initial examination carried out by researchers at SDN Gue Gajah, 20 students consisting of class I to class IV, 18 of them had grown teeth while the other 2 had normal tooth structure and based on the results of interviews with 10 parents, 6 of them did not observe any loose teeth in children.Objective: The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between parents' knowledge and actions regarding the growth of permanent teeth and the occurrence of crowded teeth.Method: This research method is analytical, the research was carried out at SDN Gue Gajah, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar from 09 to 15 July 2022. The sample was 83 students, parents and mothers as respondents. Data collection was carried out by interviews and direct dental examinations of respondents.Results: The results of the study showed that crowded teeth were most dominant in mothers with poor knowledge and actions, namely 56%, with P value = 0,006 with α (0,05).Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge and actions of parents/mothers regarding tooth growth and the occurrence of crowded teeth in students at SDN Gue Gajah, Darul Imarah District, Aceh Besar in 2022.
Analisis senyawa kimia dan uji antihiperglikemia daun petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) dari kawasan geotermal Ie Seum Aceh Besar
Get PDFBackground: Hyperglycemia can cause serious complications due to the side effects of synthetic drugs used. Traditional medicines, such as petai cina, which contain secondary metabolite compounds like flavonoids, saponins, and steroids, have antidiabetic potential.Objectives: Hyperglycemia can cause serious complications due to the side effects of synthetic drugs used. Traditional medicines, such as petai cina, which contain secondary metabolite compounds like flavonoids, saponins, and steroids, have antidiabetic potential.Methods: This experimental research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 11 treatments: Na CMC, glibenclamide, and ethanol, ethyl acetate, and N hexane extracts of petai cina leaves at doses of 200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW, and 600 mg/kg BW each. Each treatment was repeated five times.Results: Phytochemical screening showed that petai cina leaf extract contains phenolics, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. GC-MS tests identified antidiabetic compounds such as phytol, squalene, and octacosanol. The antihyperglycemic test showed a significant decrease in blood sugar levels in rats after administration of petai cina leaf extract (P = 0,00). The decrease in blood sugar levels increased over time after the extract was given.Conclusion: Chinese petai leaf extract sourced from the Ie Seum Aceh Besar geothermal area exhibits an antihyperglycemic effect on male rats. KeywordsAntihyperglycemic, Leucaena leucocephala, geothermal, Diabetes, Traditional medicin
Pengaruh pemberian isocaloric fructose restriction dan kapsul daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) terhadap nilai antropometri pada kelompok obesitas usia 19-50 tahun
Get PDFBackground: The incidence of obesity has increased due to changes in lifestyle and eating patterns. Excessive consumption of fructose is a major contributor to obesity. Portion control can be used as a short-term strategy for weight loss. Limiting fructose consumption and using natural ingredients such as moringa leaves can be used in weight management in obese sufferes.Objectives: to determine the effect of administering isocaloric fructose restriction and moringa oleifera leaf capsules on antropometric values in the obese group.Methods: Single randomized controlled trial with pre-post test. The research conducted in Kuningan, West Java in August-October 2023 involving 24 subject with obesity. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, namely control (n=12) which was given isocaloric fructose restriction 1800 kcal and treatment group (n=12) given isocaloric fructose restriction 1800 kcal and Moringa oleifera capsule 2400mg/day for 9 days. Anthropometric measurements in the form of body weight, height and abdominal circumference were taken twice. Data analysis used Dependent t test at 95% CI.Results: There was a decrease in body weight and BMI before and after the intervention. The decrease in body weight and BMI was more significant in the treatment group (p<0,05).Conclusion: There is an effect of giving isocaloric fructose restriction and moringa leaf capsules on body weight and BMI.KeywordsObesity, Fructose, Moringa oleifer
Efektivitas ekstrak daging buah pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) terhadap histopatologi hati pada tikus hiperglikemia
Get PDFBackground: Hyperglycemia can occur due to insulin resistance, which affects the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and fatty acids in the liver, which will ultimately cause cirrhosis, steatohepatitis, liver cancer, and other liver disorders.Objectives: To determine the effect of administering nutmeg pulp extract (Myristica fragrans H.) on the histopathological picture of the liver of hyperglycemic mice induced by high carbohydrate feed.Methods: The research was carried out using an experimental method using 25 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain, which were divided into five groups, K- (NaCMC 1%), K+ (Metformin), P1-P3 respectively Nutmeg extract 100mg/kgBW, 200mg/kgBB, 300mg/kgBB). The entire group was given high carbohydrate feed for 30 days, then extract and Metformin for seven days. On the 36th day, the liver was removed, and histopathology preparations were made. The main research outcome parameters include initial blood sugar levels before induction (T0), final day blood sugar levels (T30), blood sugar levels on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after sample administration, liver weight, and liver severity score. The data obtained were analyzed using Oneway-Anova with a significance of 0.05, and LSD as a further testResults: The K+, P1, and P3 groups showed a significant reduction in sugar compared to the control group (p<0.05), but all groups did not show an improvement in liver histopathology with damage scores in the mild to severe damage category.Conclusion: Nutmeg pulp extract at doses of 100mg/kgBB, 200mg/kgBB, and 300mg/kgBB showed effectiveness in reducing blood sugar in hyperglycemic white mice but could not show optimal improvement in liver cell damage.Keywords:Diabetes mellitus, Histopatology, Liver, Myristica fragrans, Nutmeg Flesh
Penguatan percepatan penurunan stunting melalui pemberdayaan remaja peduli stunting
Get PDFAngka Kejadian stunting di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi. Prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Aceh menempati posisi ke lima tertinggi dengan angka 33,2% menempati posisi ke lima tertinggi secara nasional. Kabupaten Aceh besar merupakan salah lokasi focus stunting dari 13 kabupaten/kota yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Untuk mencegah kejadian stunting ini, intervensi selanjutnya harus melibatkan pada remaja sebagai calon ibu. Keterlibatan remaja dalam upaya mengatasi dan mencegah stunting ini sesuai dengan program Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Beremcana Nasional (BKKBN) dalam bentuk remaja peduli stunting. Remaja peduli stunting ini diberdayakan sebagai konselor bagi remaja sebaya dan ibu yang mempunyai balita. Tujuan kegiatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang stunting dan keterampilan remaja sebagai konselor remaja terkait stunting. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan pendekatan edukasi melalui pelatihan konseling gizi bagi remaja tentang stunting: pengkajian, perencanaan, intervensi dan evaluasi. Hasil, terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang stunting sebesar 33,3%. kemampuan memberikan konseling kepada remaja sebaya serta ibu yang mempunyai balita dengan menggunakan keterampilan dasar konseling meningkat sebesar 33,3%. Kesimpulan, setelah dilatih, remaja mampu memberikan konseling gizi tentang anemia gizi, KEK dan dampaknya terhadap stunting kepada remaja sebayanya dan kepada ibu balita.
Effects of probiotic melon juice on blood pressure in patients with pre-hypertension
Get PDFPotassium intake can lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, whereas low sodium consumption can increase blood pressure. Although the use of fruits and probiotics as alternative drinks to reduce blood pressure has been widely practiced, research on the combination of fruit juice and probiotics from melon juice is still very rare. This study aimed to measure the effect of administering fruit juice with a combination of probiotics and melon juice on blood pressure in prehypertensive patients. An experimental research design with a randomized group design was conducted at the Jembatan Kecil Health Center, Bengkulu City, in 2024. A total of 28 respondents were selected using purposive sampling, The instruments used were digital blood pressure and 24-hour recall form, with statistical analysis using ANOVA and Duncan’s test. Results, showed that the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure before the intervention was 138/87 mmHg, and after the intervention dropped to 122/79 mmHg. There were differences in systolic (p=0,000) and diastolic (p=0,006) blood pressure between the treatment groups, with the third treatment showing the greatest effect. In conclusion, fruit juice with a combination of probiotic melon juice has a significant effect in reducing blood pressure in prehypertensive patients and has a harmless effect, which can be used as a non-medical treatment for prehypertensive patients