Jurnal Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
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Association of dietary intake, nutritional status and physical activity on sarcopenia in pre-elderly and elderly
Full text linkSarcopenia is a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and function, which has an impact on reducing physical performance and quality of life and is influenced by dietary intake and physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between diet, nutritional status, physical activity, and the incidence of sarcopenia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Simpati District, West Sumatra, from October to November 2024. The sample consisted of 167 pre-elderly individuals, and the elderly were selected through simple random sampling. Measurements included muscle and fat mass using a digital body composition scale, muscle strength using a handgrip dynamometer, dietary intake using the SQ-FFQ, physical activity using the GPAQ, waist circumference using a waist ruler, and physical performance assessed through the sit-to-stand test. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for the analysis. Results: The prevalence rate of sarcopenia was 9,6%. After adjusting for age and sex, waist circumference (p= 0,019; OR= 4,2) was associated with sarcopenia, while after adjusting for age, physical activity (p= 0,016; OR= 4,5), and waist circumference (p= 0,042; OR= 3,3) were associated with sarcopenia. After adjusting for sex, energy intake (p= 0,050; OR= 3,1), physical activity (p= 0,006; OR= 5,7), and waist circumference (p= 0,007; OR= 4,8) were associated with sarcopenia. Conclusion: Energy intake, physical activity, and waist circumference were associated with sarcopenia in elderly and pre-elderly individuals. Appropriate nutritional intervention, increased physical activity, and waist circumference monitoring are essential for sarcopenia management
Literature Review: Correlation of decreased glomerular filtration rate to malnutrition risk in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients
Full text linkChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which can cause the breakdown of protein reserves, resulting in malnutrition. This study aimed to determine the mechanism underlying the relationship between decreased GFR and the risk of malnutrition in pre-dialysis CKD patients. Scoping review method using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases with the criteria of articles published from 2014 to 2024 and using RCTs or cross-sectional studies. Relevant articles were selected through the PRISMA method. The results showed that a decrease in GFR was strongly associated with malnutrition in pre-dialysis CKD through three main mechanisms: increased protein catabolism, decreased serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio, and increased number and diversity of drug prescriptions. Malnutrition due to changes in GFR can be observed through BMI, MUAC, muscle and fat mass, and handgrip strength. In conclusion, the lower the GFR, the higher the risk of malnutrition in pre-dialysis CKD and the lower the BMI value and MUAC size, reduced muscle mass and fat, and decreased handgrip strength and worsening kidney function, as indicated by the lower GFR
Effect of Gaguk fish (Arius thalassinus) cookies on macronutrient and micronutrient intake in anemic adolescent girls
Full text linkAdolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood that requires nutritional intake of iron. Children with iron deficiency are highly susceptible to anemia. This study aimed to determine the effect of rainbow gaguk fish (Arius thalassinus) cookies on macro-and micronutrient intake in adolescent girls with anemia. This study used preliminary data from the Bengkulu Provincial Health Office, where many students experienced anemia in one junior high school. In the selection of samples using simple random sampling, 50 g of rainbow gaguk fish biscuits were used. The dependent variable in this study was gaguk fish. The independent variables were the macro-and micronutrient intake. This study employed a quasi-experimental pre-post-test intervention research using a purposive sampling design. Data analysis was performed using the paired t-test and Wilcoxon test at 95% confidence interval (CI). The results showed that before giving fish cookies, energy intake was 44,4%, protein 51,5%, carbohydrate 51,4%, vitamin B12 52,5%, folate 38,5%, iron 54%, and zinc 45,6%; after an increase in energy intake, energy intake was 55,8%, protein 62,3%, carbohydrate 52,1%, vitamin B12 65%, folate 39,1%, iron 74%, and zinc 81,1% (p<0,001). In conclusion, the provision of rainbow biscuits to adolescent girls with anemia improved significantly
The effect of purple sweet potato flour and brown rice substitution on the quality of sourdough bread
Full text linkThe high dependence on wheat flour and the increasing demand for functional foods for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus have spurred innovations in food products, including sourdough bread. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substituting 50% of wheat flour with varying ratios of purple sweet potato flour and brown rice flour on the sensory characteristics, proximate composition, and antioxidant activity of sourdough white bread. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed with four formulations: P0 (control/100% wheat flour), P1 (50:40:10), P2 (50:30:20), and P3 (50:20:30), each with three replications. Analyses included proximate composition (protein, fat, moisture, ash, carbohydrates), sensory attributes (color, aroma, taste, texture, overall acceptance), and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The results showed significant differences (p<0,05) between the treatments and the control across all evaluated parameters. Based on the Zeleny test, the optimal formulation was P3, with protein content of 7,51 g, carbohydrate content of 48,86 g, and antioxidant activity (IC50) of 195,39 mg/mL. In conclusion, although the antioxidant activity was classified as weak, the bread formulation remains a promising candidate for functional food targeted at individuals with diabetes. It is recommended that 1,5 slices (approximately 50 g) of this sourdough bread be consumed as a snack for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus
Effect of the ‘Bijak Garam’ meal program on nutrient intake, frailty, biomarkers, and quality of life in older adults
Full text linkOlder adults are a vulnerable group prone to degenerative diseases and decline in quality of life, often characterized by geriatric syndromes such as frailty. Nutritional intervention plays an important role in addressing these challenges. However, evidence of the effectiveness of dietary programs combined with structured nutrition education in nursing homes remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the “Bijak Garam” program, a combination of a low-salt diet and nutrition education, on the dietary intake, blood biomarkers, physical function, and health status of older adults. A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pre-post, one-group design with purposive sampling involving 100 participants. Dietary intake was assessed using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), physical function was measured using handgrip strength and the FRAIL scale, and blood biomarkers were analyzed using standard laboratory methods. Data were analyzed using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Bijak Garam intervention effectively improved dietary intake and reduced HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0,05), while HDL levels increased significantly (p < 0,05). Most of the participants preferred plant-based protein sources. These findings demonstrate that the Bijak Garam program can improve dietary patterns and several health indicators among older adults, with the potential to be implemented more widely in geriatric nutritional interventions and public health policies
High simple carbohydrate intake and its impact on growth biomarkers and stunting risk in early childhood
No full textStunting in early childhood remains a major public health issue in developing countries, including Indonesia. In addition to undernutrition, excessive intake of simple carbohydrates may disrupt the endocrine pathways crucial for linear growth. This study examined the association between simple carbohydrate consumption and growth biomarkers insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), leptin, and growth hormone as predictors of stunting risk in children aged 12–36 months of age. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 250 children from urban and rural settings. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 24-hour recall, and biomarker levels were measured using ELISA. The results showed an average daily energy intake of 1,350 kcal, with 65% derived from carbohydrates, predominantly simple sugars and refined starches. Stunted children exhibited significantly lower concentrations of IGF-1, leptin, and growth hormone (p < 0.01), with strong inverse correlations between simple carbohydrate intake and biomarker levels (r = –0.45 for IGF-1; r = –0.38 for growth hormone [GH]). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that a higher intake of simple carbohydrates significantly predicted lower biomarker levels and reduced height-for-age z-scores (HAZ). These findings highlight the importance of dietary quality, emphasizing the need to reduce simple carbohydrate intake to support hormonal balance and optimal linear growth in early childhood
Determinants of environmental health factors associated with the risk of stunting among children under five in North Aceh District
No full textStunting among children under five years of age remains a major public health concern and reflects long-term nutritional deficiencies, often linked to poor environmental health conditions. The North Aceh District reports a stunting prevalence higher than the provincial and national averages, indicating a critical research gap regarding the environmental determinants contributing to this burden in the region. This study aimed to analyze the association between environmental health factors and the risk of stunting among children under five years of age in North Aceh District. This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted from April to August 2025 in the working areas of the Simpang Keramat and Kuta Makmur Public Health Centers. A total of 90 children under five were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and through direct observations. Instrument validity and reliability were assessed prior to data collection. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test. The prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age was 54.4%. Significant associations were found between stunting and clean water availability (OR = 4.8; p < 0.001), latrine availability (OR = 5.1; p = 0.002), waste management practices (OR = 8.5; p < 0.001), household waste disposal (OR = 4.9; p < 0.001), and the presence of helminth eggs in feces (OR = 5.0; p = 0.001). Overall, inadequate household waste management was the strongest environmental determinant of child stunting. In conclusion, environmental sanitation conditions, particularly household waste management, play a substantial role in the risk of stunting in children under five years of age. Strengthening community-based sanitation interventions and improving household waste management practices may effectively reduce infection-related risks and lower the prevalence of stunting in North Aceh District
Emotional health cues and their influence on healthy food choice: an experimental study
No full textThe prevalence of obesity in Indonesia has shown a consistent upward trend, reaching 23.1%, largely driven by dietary patterns that pose health risks. Food choices are influenced not only by social and personal factors but also by environmental cues, which are the focus of this study. This research aimed to investigate the effect of affective health cues presented through human motion picture videos on individuals’ healthy food choices. A quasi-experimental design was employed in the Psychology Laboratory at Universitas Negeri Semarang in December 2024, using a simulated supermarket setting with 186 student participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using an Independent Samples t-test. The results indicated that the human motion picture intervention significantly influenced individual food choices (p < 0.001, d = 0.98). These findings suggest that health cues play an important role in guiding individual decisions regarding healthier food options. In conclusion, environmental factors, such as health cues, can significantly impact healthy food selection and may serve as a strategic approach to reducing obesity rates in the future
Comparison of the sensory and physical quality of sand baking and conventionally grilled mackerel
No full textFood processing plays a critical role in maintaining food quality and safety. However, scientific information regarding the effectiveness of sand baking as an alternative cooking technique remains limited, particularly in the context of marine fish. This study aimed to compare the sensory and physical qualities of mackerel processed using sand baking and conventional grilling. This study was conducted from January to September 2025 using a laboratory experimental design. Twenty fish were divided into two treatment groups. Sensory evaluation was performed by three trained panelists using hedonic and hedonic quality tests to assess the samples. The physical analyses included measurements of the moisture content and texture. Data were compared using independent t-tests. The results showed that The sensory scores for both methods were categorized as good, with no significant differences in taste (p = 0.742), aroma (p = 0.423), texture (p = 0.423), or color (p = 0.423). The physical parameters were also comparable between the two treatments. In conclusion, sand baking can produce organoleptic and physical qualities equivalent to those achieved through conventional grilling. This technique has the potential to be an applicable and efficient alternative fish processing method for community use
Iron intake and anemia as predictors of preeclampsia risk in pregnant women in the second trimester
No full textPreeclampsia remains one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Indonesia. Iron deficiency anemia is considered a modifiable risk factor; however, few studies have specifically examined the relationship between anemia status and iron intake and the risk of preeclampsia during the second trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between anemia status and iron intake and the risk of preeclampsia among second-trimester pregnant women. A cross-sectional analytical design was employed involving 150 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling in the working area of Pattallassang Public Health Center, Takalar Regency, between January and March 2025. Data were collected through hemoglobin level examination, a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for iron intake assessment, and medical records for preeclampsia diagnosis. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression tests to determine the associations and predictive strength. The results showed that 30% of respondents experienced preeclampsia, 42% had anemia, and 64% had an inadequate iron intake. Anemia and inadequate iron intake were significantly associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia (p < 0.05). In conclusion, anemia and iron intake are important predictors of preeclampsia risk, highlighting the need for nutritional screening and early intervention to prevent further complications