Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta: FUNAAB Journal
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EVALUATION OF OPEN POLLINATED MAIZE VARIETIES FOR RESISTANCE/TOLERANCE TO Striga hermonthica Del. Benth AT MOKWA SOUTHERN GUINEA SAVANNAH OF NIGERIA
Full text linkThree trials were conducted on the College of Agriculture experimental field which was highly anduniformly infested by Striga at Mokwa (latitude 09o 18'N and longitude 05o 04'E) in the SouthernGuinea Savanna agro- ecological zone of Nigeria during 2004, 2005 and 2006 wet seasons. The studywas conducted to evaluate fifteen maize genotypes consisting of eleven improved, open- pollinatedStriga tolerant varieties, a susceptible 8338-1 and tolerant hybrids 9022-13, an improved recommendedopen pollinated variety and a local selection (Mokwa Dzurugi) for their reaction to Striga hermonthica.The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated fourtimes. Among the varieties tested, TZL Comp.1Syn Y-1F2, Cam, 1 STR – 1 and hybrid 9022-13 consistentlyresulted in significantly lower Striga emergence and crop syndrome reaction to Striga parasitismcompared to all the other varieties including STR genotypes in 2004 and 2005 and of very lowvalues of the parameters in 2006. The varieties also gave higher grain yield comparable to most oftolerant varieties evaluated. Under Striga infestation, maize grain yields of var. TZL Comp. 1 Syn Y-1F2 were 2.94, 3.04 and 2.93 times than those of the recommended TZB- STR (1015kg/ha, 989kg/haand 993kg/ha) in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The corresponding values for the other promisingvariety, Cam- 1STR-1 were 2.93, 3.05 and 2.89 times higher than TZB STR in 2004, 2005 and 2006respectively. The local selection, Mokwa Dzurugi also exhibited good performance with respect toStriga and maize parameters and could therefore be used in the breeding programme for Striga resistance
THE PERIODICITY OF BUILDING HONEY COMBS BY HONEY BEES AND PEST INFESTATION IN TWO APIARIES IN OGUN STATE, SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
Full text linkThe study examined the periodicity of comb building by Honey bee, Apis mellifera in some hivesin Ogun State and pest of the honey bee in hives for twenty weeks. Four Kenya top bars hives wereeach placed in two apiaries located in University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (UNAAB), Ogun State, Nigeriaand Olupakun village in Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria. Each of the22 top bars and the flight entrances were smeared with honey as bait to attract bees to the hive. Datawere collected weekly from two colonized hives in each apiary on: number of honey combs built, sizeof newly built honey combs along and across the bars and pest infestation. The results indicated thatthe bees initiated comb building as early as first week after colonization. In the first week, two combsbuilt in hives at UNAAB had mean size of 8.61cm2 and one and half combs built in hives at Olupakunmeasured 1.65 cm2. As at the 20th week, seven and half combs measuring 662.71 cm2 and eightcombs measuring 352.28cm2 were built at UNAAB and Olupakun respectively. Although, higher numbersof combs were built at Olupakun; they were of relatively smaller sizes than combs built in hives atUNAAB. The pests encountered in the hives were greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella), grass hopper(Zonocerus variegatus), termites (Macrotermites nigeriense), Cockroach (Periplanata americana),snakes, Lizard (Agama agama) and Praying mantis (Stanomantis spp.
SITUATION OF RABIES IN A SOUTHWESTERN STATE OF NIGERIA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY (1997-2007)
Full text linkRetrospective data from 1997 – 2007 on reported cases of rabies in human and animals as well as antirabies vaccination were collected from medical records and epidemiological sections of the various veterinary and human hospitals in the four socio-cultural zones of Ogun State. Suspected cases of rabies were reported in animals with 8 (88.90%) in dogs and 1(11.10%) in goat. The study revealed that most cases occurred in the rainy season with August having the highest number of cases (38.3%). Similarly, 12 cases were reported in humans with 8(66.7%) males and 4(33.3%) in females. Children between the ages 0-12 years accounted for 75% of all reported human rabies cases while 25% occurred in Adults. Dogs were the only species implicated in these cases resulting into 100% mortality. Routine antirabies vaccinations were conducted for 4,781 dogs and highest exposure was recorded for Egba Zone (62.85%) and lowest for the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Abeokuta (1.05%). In conclusion, accurate record keeping on rabies cases in Animals and Humans as well as vaccination exposure are hereby recommend in order to give the true picture of rabies in Nigeria. Also mass vaccinations, control of stray dogs, public education on rabies and government subsidies on cost of vaccination are also recommended.  
EFFECTS OF BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN ON THE PATTERN OF MILK YIELD WITHIN AND BETWEEN INJECTION INTERVALS IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS
Full text linkTwenty-four West African Dwarf (WAD) goats were used to study the pattern of milk yield response torecombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) administered in a sustained-delivery vehicle. The goats weredivided equally into four treatment groups, each comprising of six does. The first group (control, T0)received no rbST while the other groups received rbST (T1, 20 mg; T2, 40 mg; T3, 60 mg) injected at 2-week intervals commencing from the 7th week postpartum for 6 weeks. Pattern of milk yield responseto rbST was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by rbST dose, day from rbST treatment, order of rbSTtreatment and parity. Milk yield of treated goats increased from day 1 of treatment, peaked betweenday 5 and day 8 after treatment and progressively decreased until day 14 of treatment but that of thecontrol decreased progressively from day 1 till day 14 of treatment. The mean relative response ofDMY to rbST treatment for T1, T2 and T3 exceeded T0 by 50.36, 68.00 and 71.16 % respectively andsignificantly affected the shape of the lactation curve, thus, improving persistency of lactation. Thepatterns of DMY for T1, T2 and T3 were well-fitted by the Wood’s equations: Y = 16.628n1.728e-0.439n (R2= 63.1), Y = 25.198n0.836e-0.239n (R2 = 75.6) and Y = 0.008n9.081e-1.352n (R2 = 42.3) respectively. Theadministration of 40 mg dose of rbST appears to elicit DMY response that favoured milk yield persistency.But since highest DMY was observed with 60 mg dose of rbST, estimation of optimal dose thatwould elicit maximum DMY response may be required in order to validate the statement. Our findingssuggest that rbST administration to WAD goats after peak of lactation can enhance milk yield, galactopoiesisand persistency of lactation indicating higher milk yield in extended lactation
EFFECT OF UNTREATED SEWAGE DUMP ON THE QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER IN IDDO COMMUNITY, LAGOS, NIGERIA
Full text linkThis study was carried out to assess contamination of groundwater in Iddo as a result of many yearsof untreated sewage dump into the adjacent Lagos lagoon. Water samples were collected from fivedifferent sites in the lagoon at certain intervals. Similarly, water samples were collected from five boreholesand seven hand – dug wells sited in the immediate neighbourhood of the sewage dump sites.Sampling covered both the dry and wet seasons and tested for faecal coliform (FC) counts along withother parameters such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and salinity in order to determine theireffects on the density of faecal coliforms. Analysis of parameters was subjected to standard proceduresand data presented in simple statistics. Results for faecal coliform in boreholes ranged from 20-100 total plate count (TPC) /ml in dry season and 5-100 TPC/ml in wet season, while in well water, thevalues are >100 TPC/ml (dry season) and 30 TPC/ml – TNTC (too numerous to count) (wet season).In the lagoon water samples, faecal coliform counts are generally greater than 100 TPC/ml in dry seasonand varied between 100 TPC/ml and TNTC in wet season. BOD values of the lagoon varied fromND (not detected) to 2.8 mg/l (dry season) and 2.4-3.8 mg/l (wet season) with salinity values 3.27-3.45% and 0.70-0.96 % in dry and wet season respectively. Coliform values were higher than World HealthOrganisation standard in drinking water. Results of analysis showed that both surface water andgroundwater in Iddo community are heavily contaminated by the disposal of untreated sewage dump
RECYCLING BROILER LITTER AND CAPRINE RUMEN CONTENT AS LOW COST BY PRODUCT FEEDING STUFFS FOR GOAT PRODUCTION
Full text linkExperiments were conducted to evaluate the potentials of broiler litter (BL) and caprine rumen content (CRC) as low cost by product feeding stuffs for goats. Twenty (20) West African Dwarf goats (WAD) with average weight of 10kg were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments of 0%CRC/30%BL, 10%CRC/20%BL, 20%CRC/10%BL, 30%CRC/0BL% and 0BL%/0%CRC (control) for diets A to E, respectively. Results indicated that dry matter (DM) intake of goats decreased (p>0.05) with increasing level of CRC in the diets. Goats on diet A had the best performance in terms of daily gain (g/day) and feed: gain ratio with goats on diet D having the least (p<0.05) performance. The DM and CP digestibilities followed the same trend across the dietary treatments with goats fed diet D having significantly (p<0.05) lower digestibility compared to the other treatments. Blood parameters monitored fell within the range required for goats and varied (p<0.05) across the treatments with exception of total protein and blood glucose. The carcass characteristics of WAD goats as a result of feeding BL with CRC were not influenced (p>0.05) by the dietary treatments, while the meat composition varied (p<0.05) in the CP and fat contents. It is concluded that supplementing BL in CRC diets at 20 and 30%BL, respectively, has the potential of improving feed intake, weight gain, digestibility and carcass quality in WAD goats for profitable performance.  
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EFFECT OF UROMAIZ ON SPERM CHARACTERISTICS IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF BUCKS
Full text linkThe effect of uromaiz, slow ammonia releasing urea product, produced by autoclaving and drying ofgerminated maize and urea on semen characteristics was investigated in twenty West African Dwarf(WAD) bucks in a completely randomized design experiment. The bucks were 11 and 13 months oldand they weighed 9.26+1.33kg. The bucks were assigned to five treatment groups and fed 0, 25, 50,75 and 100% uromaiz inclusion in the diet for eight weeks while data collection was carried out weeklyat the last four weeks. The results showed that important semen characteristics such as semen volume,sperm motility, sperm concentration and Sperm number per ejaculate increased (p<0.05) at 25and 50% levels of inclusion and reduced at higher levels of 75% and 100%. Primary abnormality locatedin the head, midpiece and tail increased (p<0.05) with increasing levels of uromaiz inclusion butvalues obtained were within the acceptable range for optimal fertility. The findings of this study indicatethat uromaiz at 25% or 50% could be included in the diet of WAD bucks to enhance sperm quality
Monetizing the Environmental Welfare Impact of Deforestation in Ogun State, Nigeria: The Contingent Valuation Approach
No full textThis paper investigated the economic valuation of alternative uses of rainforest land using the contingent valuation approach. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in the collection of the 260 respondents in the data from the four Ogun State Agricultural Development zones used for the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the dichotomous-choice contingent valuation method that terminated into the logit model. Food crop cultivation accounted for 66.4% of deforestation. The households yearly Willingness To Pay/hectare (WTP/ha) for rainforest protection was N16,186.76. This translated to N0.60 billion for the 'average 36,817.62 hectares/year deforested for food crop cultivation. The key determinants of the likelihood to pay for rainforest protection were the bid, rainforest visitation, and immigrant status that had the coefficient of -0.0074. -0.11 and -0.71 and were significant (p<0.01) for bid and (p<0.05) for the others. In addition were the income, educational status and food crop producer status that had the coefficients of 0.13. .0063 and .00012 and were significant (p<0.01). Lower cost of rainforest protection as indicated by the WTP would lead to further deforestation and the consequent environmental impacts for a long time. There is therefore the urgent need for environmental sensitization through education to arrest deforestation.