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Effect of high intake of heavy metals from environmental air and in food in diabetic patients
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder and affecting millions of people. It remains latent and its secondary obstacles leads to the mortality and morbidity. Various metal such as arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and nickel have been linked with the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in peoples exposed to these elements. Some elements like iron and copper are crucial minerals that are necessary for a variety of molecules to maintain their normal structures, functions of cells to existence, grow, and multiply. The homeostasis of iron and copper is coordinated regulation by different proteins concerned in uptake, excretion and intracellular storage or transferring. This study connected airborne levels of these metals with diabetes mortality. The lowest air levels detected were beryllium and cadmium, with nickel showing the highest levels. This supported diabetes mortality effects of air pollution and correlating arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and nickel with diabetes incidence. Although iron is essential but it can be toxic in high amounts. Iron is a transit mineral can generate various reactive oxygen or nitrogen species so abnormal metabolism of iron can lead to numerous chronic pathogenesis. Oxidative stress is one of the main contributing factors for diabetes and diabetic problems. Iron overload may increases risks of insulin resistance and diabetes
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2,4-Dioxothiazolidine Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Full text linkObjective: To develop a series of 2,4-dioxothiazolidine derivatives of aryl substituted cinnamic acid, characterization by elemental and spectral (IR, 1H-NMR) studies and antimicrobial study.Method: All compounds were synthesized from pure & standard substrates. Reactions were monitored by TLC & Melting points were determined by decibel melting point apparatus. The IR spectra were recorded on Perkin Elmer IR spectrophotometer using KBr pellets. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (1H NMR) were recorded on Brucker Avance II 400 NMR spectrophotometer. Antimicrobial activity was performed by measuring zone of inhibition.Results: All the synthesized compounds were purified and give very good spectra of IR & NMR. Compunds were studied for their antimicrobial activity in comparison to the standard drugs. Thz 9 was found the most active compound in this series, where Ciprofloxacin was used as a standard drug for antibacterial activity and Clotrimazole for antifungal activity.Conclusion: Compound Thz9 exhibited highest antimicrobial activity due to substitution of aryl ring by electron releasing methoxy groups at -ortho and -para position. Compound Thz9 was found more active than all other dimethoxy substituted compounds, the reason behind it may be that dimethoxy substitutions at -ortho and -para position on aryl ring enhanced the binding of molecule with the target. Almost in all compounds propyl ester has higher activity than methyl, ethyl esters, which means that heavy carbon chain ester increase the antimicrobial activity.Â
scope of sorafenib tosylate in renal cell carcinoma
Full text linkRenal cell carcinoma is a kidney cancer that originates in the lining of the proximal convoluted tubule. It  is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults, responsible for approximately 80% of cases. It is also known to be the most lethal of all the genitourinary tumors. Sorafenib received FDA regular approval on December 20, 2005 for the treatment of advanced RCC. Sorafenib belongs to the class of diaryl ethers. Sorafenib is a kinase inhibitor that decreases tumor cell proliferation in vitro. The long-term treatment with sorafenib is associated with continued efficacy and a well-tolerated safety profile. It can be used in combination with other antineoplastic drugs effectively. Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, sorafenib may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Greater sensitivity of some older individuals was observed. However, treatment with sorafenib prolongs progression-free survival in patients with advanced  renal cell carcinoma in whom previous therapy has failed. Â
Development and Evaluation of Bilayer Tablet of Metoclopramide HCl and Aceclofenac
Full text linkBilayer tablets are basically used to administer a dosage form with dual release effect or to formulate two incompatible drugs. The main objective of the present research work was to prepare bilayer tablet of Metoclopramide hydrochloride (MTH) and Aceclofenac (ASF) for separate layers to avoid the degradation of the drug, with the desired release pattern and thus to maximize the efficacy of both drugs in combination for the effective treatment of migraine. MTH and ACF were formulated as immediate and conventional release layer respectively. ASF was formulated as conventional release layer using PVP K-30 and MCC as binder and disintegrants respectively. MTH was formulated as immediate release layer by using various disintegrants like Sodium starch glycolate (SSG), Cross carmellose sodium (CCS) and Pre-gelatinized starch (PGS). Mixture design technique was used to find out the optimized quantity of the super disintegrants. Disintegration time (DT) and drug release at 15 min (Rel15min) were taken as dependent variables while quantity of super disintegrants was taken as independent variable. SSG and CCS in a concentration of 7.5% and 4.5% respectively gave a DT of 9 sec, and 98.67 % release at 15 min (Rel15min). Stability studies of bilayer tablets as well as physical mixture were carried out and the samples were evaluated with DSC, FT-IR and % content of drug. Bi-layer tablet was suitable for preventing direct contact of these two drugs and thus to maximize the efficacy of combination of two drugs for migraine
Bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by Eisenia fetida and the characterization of synthesized nanoparticles
Full text linkBionanotechnology has emerged in the recent past for developing facile, green and ecofriendly technology for synthesis of nanoparticles of variable size, shapes, chemical composition and controlled dispersity owing to their potential use for human benefits. The present study focuses on the synthesis of nanoparticles using earthworms as an ecofriendly alternative to the chemical method. The nanoparticles are synthesized using the earthworms. The characterization of these nanoparticles was carried out by UV-VIS spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, and FTIR analysis. The formation of nanoparticles was initially observed by change in colour and was later confirmed by UV-VIS spectroscopy that showed an absorption peak at 420 nm characteristic of silver. The SEM in analysis revealed the size of the nanoparticles to be in the range of 13 - 35 nm with a smooth surface
Macrophage Models For Tuberculosis Studies, A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Study
Full text linkSetting: Macrophage models create an environment for the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis and can be applied to studies on the intracellular pathogen.Objective: To review macrophage models for tuberculosis studies in terms of the cell sources and applications.Methods: The online English database PubMed, Chinese databases such as CNKI, SinoMed, and Wanfang were searched up to December 2010 for published articles. Two groups of terms were used for the information retrieval, one of which includes macrophage model and macrophage; the other group of terms comprises mycobacterium tuberculosis. For PubMed, the two groups of English terms were applied, while for the Chinese databases, related Chinese terms were used.Results: Cell sources of macrophage models include murine bone marrows, human peripheral blood, human lungs, and cell lines. The screened antituberculosis drugs are Western drugs such as ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, and traditional Chinese medications like pittosporum brevicalyx (oliv.) gagnep and Ranunculus ternatus thunb. The regulation of SigB and SigF was described in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, while pknE mutant modifying the innate immune response in immuno-mechanism of tuberculosis.Conclusions: There are four major cell sources for developing a macrophage model, which can be applied to studies on screening both Western and Chinese anti-TB drugs, figuring out the pathogenesis and immune-mechanism of TB with some key issues remaining to be dealt with
The significance of Mivan technology
Full text linkThe technology has been used extensively in other countries such as Europe, Gulf Countries, Asia and all other parts of the world. MIVAN technology is suitable for constructing large number of houses within short time using room size forms to construct walls and slabs in one continuous pour on concrete. Early removal of forms can be achieved by hot air curing / curing compounds. This facilitates fast construction, say two flats per day. All the activities are planned in assembly line manner and hence result into more accurate, well – controlled and high quality production at optimum cost and in shortest possible time. This paper reveals about significance of Mivan
A clinical comparative study on the efficacy of Apamarg Kshar Sutra and Seton therapy in the manazement of Bhagander W.S.R. to Fistula in Ano
Full text linkKshara Sutra is a unique and an established procedure for the management of Bhagandar in ayurveda. It has brought revolution in the Indian system of surgery. The aim of study was to compare Apamarg Kshar sutra therapy with Seton (linen thread) in the management of fistula in ano. Thirty patients with Low anal of fistula in ano were selected and divided into two groups of fifteen patients each. Group A was treated with Apamarg Kshar sutra and the Group B with the Seton (surgical linen thread number 20). All patients were treated on an outpatient’s basis in minor kshasutra OT in govt. ayurved college Raipur. Statistical analysis used Student’s t-test was applied for statistical analysis. Results the healing occurred in all the patients treated either with Apamarg Kshar Sutra or plain thread. The median healing time was 7 weeks for Kshar Sutra and 11 weeks with with Seton therapy. Recurrence rate was only 0.0 percent (0 patient) with the Kshar Sutra and 13.33 percent (4 patients) with Seton therapy. Conclusion The technique of Apamarg Kshar Sutra therapy is appropriate for healing of the fistulous tract with minimal complications. At the end of the study it was found that Apamarg kshar sutra is more competent and effective than Seton therapy in the management of Bhagandara. In kshara-sutra therapy the cutting and healing of fistulous track takes simultaneously
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles using Piper Betel Leaf Extract
Full text linkGreen synthesis of nanoparticles by biological reduction method using plant extract is recent development in synthetic chemistry. The green method of nanoparticles is easy, efficient and eco-friendly on comparison with other methods. Silver nanoparticles are synthesized by biological reduction of silver nitrate. Betle leaf extract was used to reduce the silver salt in to its silver nanoparticles. As prepared silver nanoparticles sample was characterized for its structure by employing powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) tool. The morphology of said metal nanoparticle was studied by Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) tool. Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectral study was undertaken to know the bonding in the prepared silver sample. Formation of Ag particles was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) study.Key words: Green synthesis, nanoparticle, Betle leaf extract, XRD, SEM, FTIR, EDX* Author for correspondence: Â [email protected]
Inside the technology an overview of cloud computing on CQM
Full text linkIn this paper, I will study the progress of cloud computing and their associated services. When the cloud gets better, how do we use it to benefit business strategy. To do this efficiently we must discuss hosting infrastructures separately from services, attempt to clarify their definitions, and finally bring them back together for analysis. That analysis must include a consideration of advanced virtualization operations, because these are essential elements of a cloud computing environment. I will show how cloud computing offering services at a higher level of abstraction. In a feature the IT products evolutes the service “Pay as You Demand Servicesâ€