Tropical Health and Medical Research (E-Journal)
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The Analysis between the Diagnose of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia to Treatment at Dr. H. Jusuf SK Hospital Indonesia
Get PDFPreeclampsia and eclampsia are types of gestational hypertension that are considered causes of maternal and perinatal death. Preeclampsia in severe conditions will result in eclampsia accompanied by symptoms of seizures or decreased consciousness. In the condition of preeclampsia, antihypertensive therapy is needed. The use of antihypertensives in patients with Preeclampsia and Eclampsia, namely methyldopa and labetalol, is the first line, and hydralazine, nifedipine, prazosin, and clonidine are the second line. The design of this study is a descriptive cross-sectional study to see the relationship between diagnoses and types of treatment. This research was conducted at Dr.H.Jusuf SK Hospital, Tarakan City, North Kalimantan Province, with secondary data from medical records as research data. The research subjects were pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia and eclampsia without accompanying comorbid diseases, with a sample of 49 respondents using a total sampling system. The results of this study found that one patient was diagnosed with Mild Preeclampsia with a single therapy, 45 patients were diagnosed with Severe Preeclampsia with a single therapy, a combination of 2 drugs and a combination of 3 drugs, and three patients were diagnosed with eclampsia with single therapy and a combination of 4 drugs. The data from this study showed a relationship between diagnosis and the type of treatment therapy with a significant value of 0.004 (p<0.05). The findings of this study can be used as a guide for medical therapy by healthcare professionals
Utilization of Alternative Buffer Solutions for Staining Thin Blood smears by the Giemsa, Wright stain and Romanowsky method
Get PDFTo make a reliable diagnosis on haematological examination, it is necessary to examine further the morphology of the blood cells previously stained in the procedure for staining thin blood smears using a buffer solution with a standard pH of 6.4 to 6.8. One of the problems that may occur in the laboratory is that the buffer reagents are damaged, past the expiration date or running out, so alternative buffers are needed that are cheap, fast and easy to obtain. This study aims to evaluate the staining results from alternative buffers. Study used a quasi-experimental method, and using alternative buffers from bottled mineral water following SNI-01-0553 2006. The colour produced by some of these alternative buffers is almost equivalent to blood cells stained with phosphate buffer. The percentage of assessment results in the alternative buffer codes B, C, D, E and F compared with control (A) were 62.67%, 92.00%, 82.67%, 80.00% 88, 00%, and 68.00%. The use of alternative buffers for staining thin blood smears using the Giemsa, Wright stain, and Romanowsky method can be done with mineral water as an alternative buffer for sample codes C, D, E and F, while B and G cannot be used. This alternative buffer can be applied by laboratory personnel in urgent situations in limited equipment and material facilities
Javanese Ginseng Root Extract (Talinum Paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn) to Increase Superoxide Dismutase Activities in White Male Sprague Dawley Rats by Using a Forced Swimming Test Model
Get PDFContinuously performing heavy activities will damage tissues and cells and cause oxidative stress. Fortunately, this damage can be reduced by giving antioxidants to reduce free radicals. This study uses the forced swimming test model to determine the effect of Javanese ginseng root extract on superoxide dismutase levels in male white Sprague Dawley rats. The samples were 30 white Sprague Dawley rats divided into five groups: the negative control group, the positive control group, treatment group 1 receiving Javanese ginseng extract at a dose of 0.35mg/200g BW/day, treatment group 2 receiving a dose of 0.70mg/200g BW/day, and treatment group 3 receiving a dose of 1.4mg/200g BW/day. On days 28 and 35, the rats were treated with the FST model. Meanwhile, on days 28 and 35, SOD levels were measured using the xanthine-xanthine oxidase method. The effect was analyzed using statistical analysis. The administration of Javanese ginseng extract at doses of 0.35 mg/200g BW rats/day, 0.70mg/200g BW rats/day, and 1.40 mg/200g BW rats/day could significantly increase SOD levels (p < 0.05). The administration of 1.40 mg/200g BW rats/day could increase a SOD level up to normal and give the same effect as the administration of xanthine (p > 0.05) does. In conclusion, the administration of Javanese ginseng extract significantly increases SOD levels in the rats by using the FST model. This study suggests to increases the potential of Javanese ginseng root as a natural-based antioxidant supplement by investigating human subjects, especially athletes and bodybuilder
Prevalence and Comorbidity of Adult Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder Among the Patients Applying to Kocaeli University’s Psychiatry Polyclinic
Get PDFThe present study aimed to determine the prevalence of ADHD diagnosis among the patients applying to adult psychiatry polyclinic for the first time and to determine comorbid diseases among the patients diagnosed with ADHD. The present study was carried out on patients who applied to the Psychiatry Polyclinic in the Medical Faculty Hospital of Kocaeli University Turkey between 10.01.2018 and 03.01.2019, with 151 patients involved in this study. After providing the participating patients with a verbal and written briefing about the study, the Sociodemographic Information Form and AADHDS were given to the participants. DIVA2.0 Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview Scale and SCID-1 were implemented. As found in DIVA 2.0 ADHD Diagnostic Interview Form for Adults, 19.9% of 151 patients were diagnosed with adult ADHD, and 80.1% were not. Given SCID-1 diagnoses of patients, it was determined that, of the patients diagnosed with ADHD, 16.6% were diagnosed with depression, followed by generalized anxiety disorder (10%), and panic disorder and depression (10%), and that 13.3% of participants were not diagnosed with another disorder. Participants diagnosed with ADHD were found to have lower mean age. Prevalence of ADHD diagnosis was found to be lower among singles and students. The individuals diagnosed with ADHD were found to have a more prolonged education period. The prevalence of ADHD was higher among those who received a disciplinary punishment. Making an accurate diagnosis, designing an appropriate treatment, and determining the comorbidities of ADHD and with which psychiatric disorders it is confused would positively contribute to outcomes of treatments and increase the patients’ quality of life
The Potential at Phytochemical Compounds from the Indonesian Kalimantan Plant as Covid-19 Immunomodulators
Get PDFHerbal plants are alternative medicine and immunity boosters related to the Covid-19 pandemic. Typical Kalimantan plants that have the potential are dayak onion (Eleutherine americana Merr.), karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tematosa (Aiton) Hassk), pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), and tigaron (Crataeva adansonii DC). This study aims to determine the potential of phytochemical compounds from Indonesian Kalimantan plants as Covid-19 immunomodulators. Descriptive research with cross-sectional study design by testing the typical plants of Kalimantan, which were extracted first through the maceration method and then carried out qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests. Qualitative and quantitative results showed that the four positive plants contained phytochemical alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins in certain levels. Quantitative results on dayak onion (Eleutherine americana Merr.) obtained alkaloid content; flavonoids; saponins; tannins were 74.540%; 22.125 mg/mL; 58.350%; 0.342 mg/mL. karamunting fruit (Rhodomyrtus tematosa (Aiton) Hassk) 72.815%; 20,500 mg/mL; 78.225%; 0.541 mg/mL. pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) 68.575%; 12,250 mg/mL; 53.930%; 0.383 mg/mL; and tigaron (Crataeva adansonii DC) 82.330%; 40,750 mg/mL; 75.395%; 0.609 mg/mL. The four phytochemical compounds have the potential as Covid-19 immunomodulators. This study concludes that the typical plant from Kalimantan that has been studied has the potential. This research can be continued by testing the effectiveness of phytochemicals as Covid-19 immunomodulators in experimental animals
The Effectiveness of Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) Leaf Essential oil as an Antibacterial Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Get PDFOne of the plants with antibacterial activity is Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.). The essential oil from these plants has the potential as a natural antibacterial against pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial ability of kirinyuh leaf essential oil (Chromolaena odorata L.) originating from Martapura, Indonesia, by the diffusion method, especially in its ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The study used five variations of the concentration of essential oils, namely 10 ul, 15 ul, 20 ul, 25 ul, and 30 ul, carried out five times. Essential oil distillation using water and steam distillation method. Antibacterial activity test using well diffusion method. The results showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus had a diameter of 9.4mm at a concentration of 10uL, 10.8mm at a concentration of 15uL, 11.6mm at a concentration of 20uL, 13mm at a concentration of 25uL, and 14.4mm at a concentration of 30uL. The diameter of the inhibition zone against Escherichia coli had a diameter of 11.6mm at a concentration of 10uL, 12.8mm at a concentration of 15uL, and 14mm at a concentration of 20uL, 14.8mm at a concentration of 25uL, 15.8mm at a concentration of 30uL. Conclusion The most significant inhibition zone of kirinyuh leaf essential oil (Chromolaena odorata L.) against Staphylococcus aureus was 14.4mm at a concentration of 30uL and against Escherichia coli was 15.8mm at a concentration of 30uL. Further research is needed on the antibacterial effectiveness of kirinyuh leaf essential oil (Chromolaena odorata L.) against other types of bacteria and also against antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Analyzes of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Turkish Midwives and Puerperal Women Regarding Pharmacovigilance
Get PDFSpontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is the backbone of the pharmacovigilance system. However, underreporting is still a fundamental hurdle around the globe that must be resolved. To analyze Turkish midwives' and puerperal women's knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding pharmacovigilance. A cross-sectional study on midwives (n=36) and puerperal women (n=227) was carried out from September 2019 to June 2020 in a State Hospital in Turkey. Data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and the Chi-Square tests. The knowledge level of midwives was significantly higher than that of the puerperal women. Although all midwives knew of adverse drug reactions, only half of the puerperal women had heard this. The awareness of the pharmacovigilance term was 97% and 2% in midwives and puerperal women, respectively. Similarly, 81% of the midwives were aware of the Turkish Pharmacovigilance Center (TPC), whereas only 1% of the puerperal women realized the fact. More than half of the midwives knew they could directly report ADRs to TPC. However, most did not know how they could send or report ADRs. Interestingly, only five midwives knew that congenital anomalies and congenital disabilities had been included in ADRs. Although the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Turkish midwives were significantly better than puerperal women regarding pharmacovigilance, it is apparent that both groups were insufficient to get involved in the pharmacovigilance system properly
The Covid-19 Disease in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Single Center Experience
No full textChildren with cancer can have a severe disease when infected with respiratory viruses. In this study, we aimed to understand the clinical course and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with cancer. Data evaluated about laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in sixty-three children (<18 years) with cancer between 01.06.2020 - 01.08.2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Data for demographics, oncological diagnosis, clinical course, and cancer therapy details were collected. Primary outcomes were disease severity and modification to cancer-directed therapy. The median (range) age was 7.6 ± 5.3 (0-18) years, and the most common underlying diagnosis was leukemia (74.6%). The most common symptom was fever (67.7%), and most patients had symptoms (70%). The mild disease was most common (60.3%). During Covid-19 infection, disease severity increased 23 times (p=0.003) in those with fever and 4.083 (p=0.045) in those with neutropenia. It was observed that the severity of the disease increased 2.589 times as CRP increased (p<0.001). However, few patients (9.5%) were admitted to the intensive care unit. Five patients died, but none of the deaths could be attributed to Covid-19 alone. Most patients did not experience chemotherapy treatment interruption (57%). When interruption did occur, this duration was 13.9±14.3 (1.0-60.0) days. In this cohort of pediatric oncology patients, nearly 43% of patients who had Covid-19 were their chemotherapy interrupted. Future studies will only reveal the final effect of the pandemic on childhood cancer
Comparison of Survival Rates of Syrian Refugee Versus Turkish Pediatric Patients with Leukemia
Get PDFAlthough survival rates are increasing in acute leukaemias today, this rate is lower in developing countries; there are very few studies conducted on this matter in refugee patients. This research aims to evaluate the survival rate in pediatric Syrian refugee patients with acute leukaemia and compare it with Turkish pediatric leukaemia patients. A total of 144 patients diagnosed with acute leukaemia were included in the study, and their files were reviewed retrospectively. Nineteen 144 patients (13%) were Syrian refugees, and 125 (87%) were Turkish patients. The median age of the Syrian refugees and Turkish patients was 6.9 years (range 1-18 years) and 7.2 years (range 2-18 years), respectively, and gender distribution was similar for both groups (p:0.32). The relapse rate and rate of patients in the high-risk leukaemia group were higher in the Syrian refugee patient group (p=0.05). The survival rates of the Syrian refugee patients at the 11th month and 23nd month of the follow-up were 87.5% and 70%, respectively. The survival rates of the Turkish patients in the 23rd month and 44th month of the follow-up were 96.6% and 85%, respectively. The survival rates of the Turkish patients were significantly higher (p<0,001). The odds ratio of mortality adjusted for being a Syrian refugee was 5.3 (with a 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 18.3). No difference was observed between the groups regarding compliance with treatment. Survival rates of the Syrian refugee leukaemia patients were lower, and the rate of patients in the high-risk leukaemia group and the relapse rate was higher in Syrian refugee patients compared to Turkish patients
Evaluation of the Laparoscopic Cystectomy for Endometrioma in Women of the Reproductive Age
Get PDFAim of the study is to evaluate the pregnancy outcome and recurrence of the disease in patients with endometrioma. All patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for endometrioma between January 2017- 2020 in Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women Health Training and Research Hospital, had a stage 3-4 disease, and met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. The exclusion criteria were; being menopausal, having laparotomy for endometrioma surgery, or presence of concomitant leiomyoma. The post-operative reproductive outcome and the recurrence rate were evaluated. Out of the 97 patients recruited, 57 (58.8%) were followed up for infertility, while the remaining forty had no desire for future pregnancy. Sixty-seven patients had elective surgery, and 30 (30.9%) underwent emergency surgery. Pregnancy was achieved in 18 (31.5%) within 3-18 months (8.94±4.54) after surgery, of which seven (38.8%) were spontaneous pregnancies while 11 had pregnancy through assisted reproductive techniques. The live birth rate was 88.8%, thirteen term delivery. Out of 97 patients, only four (4,1%) had recurrent endometrioma. The total pregnancy rate was high in the secondary infertile group (44.8%-17.8%), and the IVF pregnancy rate (60%) was high in the primary infertile group. Endometrioma surgery can be recommended for selected patients while preserving ovarian tissue