International Healthcare Research Journal (IHRJ)
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Efficacy of 1% Betadine Mouthwash on the Incidence of Dry Socket after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Dry socket (syn. Alveolar osteitis, Alveolitis sicca dolorosa) is one of the most common complications after extraction of a tooth with a high incidence after a surgical extraction, particularly seen in the mandibular third molars.AIM: To assess the efficacy of 1% betadine mouthwash in prevention of dry socket.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included a sample of 154 patients visiting the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, Kohlapur, Maharashtra, India for surgical extraction of their impacted mandibular third molar and categorized as class A and B according to Pell and Gregory classification. The case group included patients who were provided with povidone iodine 1% oral antiseptic solution (Betadine), while no intervention was provided to the control group. All patients took 400 mg Ibuprofen (oral) one hour prior to the extraction. Post-surgery, patients were recalled on the third and seventh day and the data was recorded in the pre-filled proforma, data was entered in Microsoft excel, transferred into SPSS version 21.0 and the t-test was applied to analyze the data obtained.RESULTS: It was observed that 26 patients (16.89%) had a dry socket present. The presence of dry socket was slightly higher among females 14, (53.84%) as compared to males (12, 46.6%). Mostly, fair oral hygiene was observed among the study subjects. No significant correlation was observed between oral hygiene status and incidence of dry socket (p>0.05). A statistically significant correlation between the cases and control group (p=0.047) was observed.CONCLUSION: Povidone iodine 1% mouthwash reduces the incidence of dry socket following surgical extraction and hence, it use prior to surgical extraction of impacted teeth is recommended for better topical infection control
Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Hepatitis B, C and Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome In Northeast Part of Rajasthan
Get PDFIntroduction: Healthcare professionals including surgeons, dentists and paramedical personnel’s belong to high risk group of transmitting blood borne pathogens. Keeping this in view a study was proposed to assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of dental professionals towards different viral diseases in northeast part of Rajasthan. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among 500 randomly selected dentists in Jaipur district. Questions regarding KAP of hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were included in the questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done through SPSS Ver. 20.0. software using chi-square test, independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the differences between parameters. Results: The result indicates that the majority of the study subjects (60%) were female. The mean (+Standard Deviation) for age and work experience was 35.5+8.85 and 5.6+8.76 respectively. The mean value of KAP was 38.4+3.23, 21.5+4.34 and 23.05+5.67 respectively. It was observed that knowledge regarding HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS was statistically significant with work experience (>10 Years; p<0.001), year of graduation (after 2006; p<0.001). Attitude of study subjects for HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS was significantly inclined by age group (< 30 years: P = 0.011), work experience (≥10 years: P < 0.001), and place of work (dental clinic: P = 0.013). Conclusions: The observations of the study highlighted a reasonable level of knowledge and attitude of dental practitioners for HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS infections. However there is a need of improvement in the knowledge level which can alter their attitude and practice towards patients with HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS infection
World ORS Day 2019: Save The Children Save Generation Next
Get PDFWorld ORS Day 2019 Guest Comment by Dr. Sanjana Jai
Observed Risk Factors and the Prevalence of Potential Oral Malignant Lesions among a North Indian Population
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: The menace of oral cancer has become a public health concern and its prevalence is increasing with every passing day, making it the sixth most common cancer across the globe. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for potential oral malignant disorders in a middle aged north Indian population.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adopting a Cross-sectional study design, this study examined a total of 944 participants in the Delhi-NCR region and males formed a majority of the population (569, 60.3%). Data was collected using a pre-tested and pre-validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was applied and the chi-squared test (for qualitative data) and independent samples t-test(for quantitative data) was applied to find out statistical differences (Using SPSS 21.0), if any.RESULTS: It was reported that 201 (21.29%) of the study population suffered from oral malignant lesions, and the most prevalent lesion was OSMF [115, 12.18%] followed by leukoplakia [49, 5.19%]. The prevalence of oral malignant lesions among males was found to be higher(18.97%) as compared to females. A significant difference was found between the oral lesions and tobacco ever and never chewers (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate a need to focus tobacco cessation programmes in the population of Delhi-NCR and reinforce it from time to time to reduce the burden of such Oral Malignant Disorders
Enhanced Recovery after Caesarian Section, Madagascar
No full textIntroduction: Few hospital practice enhanced recovery after caesarian section. Our aims is to evaluate the application of enhanced recovery after caesarian section after implementation in our service.
Materials and Methods : An observational audit prospective was conducted, from November 2018 to January 2019, in the complex mother-child Military Hospital, Antsiranana. Patients between 18 to 35 years, ASA 1 or 2 before surgery were included. General anesthesia procedures are excluded.
Results: Thirty-one patients were identified. Each received antiotic prophylaxis and prevention of postoperative nausea/ vomiting and intratechal morphine. Fluid infusion was optimized in 18 patients. In post-interventional recovery room, multimodal analgesia were given orally after the intervention in 15 patients (48%), Sixteen (52%) cases drunk. Forty-four patients (45%) ate food four hour after intervention. Stop infusion performed in 13 cases (42%). The bladder catheter removed in 13 patients (42%). The median length of stay was 3.5 days.
Conclusion : Early food, removal of the bladder catheter and the infusion stop have low compliance to the protocol. An audit and formation were needed
A Systematic Review on Sleep Related Disorders and Periodontal Disease
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Periodontitis has been implicated in many systemic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, stroke, Obesity, Kidney disorders. Recent scientific evidence has revealed a relationship between sleep related breathing disorders (SRBDs) and periodontal diseases. There has been a recent scientific evidence on population based studies reflecting an association between periodontal diseases and OSA.
AIM: The tenet of the study was to find out interconnect between obstructive sleep apnea and periodontal disease.
METHODS: A systematic review of clinical trials assessing the relationship between OSA and periodontitis was carried out. An electronic search based on internet search sites (From 2000-2016) by PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Google scholar, CINAHL, and Web of Science (WoS) were used. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were further analysed to find out the outcome of the study.
RESULTS: A total of 174 potentially qualifying studies were screened. Out of them 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria which were further analysed. In our study 10 studies (2000-2016) from Jordan, Tokyo, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, India, USA, South Korea, Taiwan, Australia were shortlisted. Out of them 5 were cross sectional studies, 4 were case control, and 1 was meta-analysis. The sample size in the studies ranged from 66 to 30,120 adult falling in age range of 18 to 75. The indicators for OSA used were as positive Epsworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Berlin Questionnaire, STOP-bang questionnaire, Apnea-Hypopnea index, Polysomnography (PSG). And the indicators for periodontal disease were Plaque index (PI), Clinical attachment level (CAL), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI). Majority of studies showed positive correlation between OSA and periodontal disease.
CONCLUSION: Recent evidence and literature suggests that there exist a strong interconnect between OSA and periodontal disease. Dentist play a pivotal role in diagnosis and timely management of OSA cases so as to halt progression of sleep apnea and periodontitis
Estimation of Body Fat Percentage in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Get PDFBACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to calculate the body fat percentage and learn its relationship with body mass index in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: the study comprised of 31 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and 28 controls. Body mass index was calculated for each individual by recording the height (in meters) and weight (in Kilograms). Prediction equations given by Deurenberg, Gallagher and Jackson-Pollock were used to calculate body fat percentage.
RESULTS: Definite correlation between body fat percent and body mass index was found in oral squamous cell carcinoma and controls. Comparisons of body fat percentages between both groups were found to be statistically significant in Gallagher (p = 0.04) and Jackson-Pollock (p = 0.03) equations.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that body fat percentage can be a useful indicator for assessing severity of lipolysis due to cachexia in cancer patients. The study can help in evaluating nutritional status during postoperative care of cancer patients
Poor Prognosis Factors of Severe Malaria in Antananarivo, Madagascar
Get PDFINTRODUCTION & AIM: Malaria is a major health problem in our country. Our aim is to determine the poor prognosis factors of this pathology.MATERIALS AND METHOD: A retrospective descriptive, analytical study was conducted in the intensive care unit of University Hospital Center of Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, during 24 months (June 2015 to May 2017). The severity was defined according to the recommendations for clinical practice (2007). We compared surviving and non-surviving patients.RESULTS: Fifty-six (56) cases were studied. The average age was 30 ± 11 years with a sex ratio of 6. Six cases had pulmonary disease. Neurological failure was present in 29 cases. Forty-seven cases were treated with quinine and 07 cases received norepinephrine. The length of stay was 3.55 ± 2.06 days. Eighteen subjects (32%) died. In multivariate analysis, neurological failure (p = 0.0001), jaundice (p = 0.0016), renal insufficiency (p <0.0001) and use of catecholamine (p = 0.0139) were associated with poor prognosis.CONCLUSION: The mortality of malaria was high. Neurological failure, jaundice, renal insufficiency and use of catecholamine were poor prognostic factors
Complete Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6 (September 2019)
No full textComplete Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6 (September 2019
Effect of Summer Temperature on the Work Efficiency of Dentists
Get PDFINTRODUCTION AND AIM: Environment is closely related to human health. While the effects of temperature on comfort are broadly recognized, the effects on worker productivity have received much less attention. Thus this research was planned to investigate the effects of heat stress on job satisfaction, job performance, occupational stress among dentists.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: This research was designed to be cross-sectional in nature where a convenience sampling of 70 interns, 88 post-graduate students and 49 faculty members of IDS Bareilly were selected. Questionnaires were self-administered and contained twelve points for job satisfaction (Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire), thirteen points for occupational stress and twelve for job performance
RESULTS: The subjects were moderately satisfied with their jobs, were less stressed and had a moderate job performance. After descriptive tests, the Chi-squared test, Pearson and Spearman Correlation Coefficient was applied to test statistical significance and p value was set to be significant at p<0.5.
DISCUSSION: The present study showed that most of the dentists (60.9%) had a high sense of heat and such results may be because of the current hospital framework which includes lack of air conditioners, continuous patient workload in hospital, high sense of heat among the dentists working in top floors etc.
CONCLUSION: If effective prevention measures are taken in the hospitals, dentists may perform more efficiently and also the increase the job satisfaction