International Healthcare Research Journal (IHRJ)
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Indian Dental Workforce: The Need of Getting It Back To Action
Get PDFIndia encounters a severe gap in the number of working dental professionals to that required. Population explosion and development are on the peak whereas good dental health is lacking behind. India has got numerous dental institutions, governing dental bodies, established dental associations but inadequate dental workforce, poor health literacy and substandard oral health status. This obviously implies that we are somewhere something is going wrong that is hindering the country from achieving the Millennium Development Goals. The need of the hour is to focus on the concerned issues, formulation of fool proof policies and strategies, strengthening oral health education and implementation of oral health programs with continuous surveillance
Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Dental Perspective
Get PDFPURPOSE: The present review was conducted to elaborate Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and the role of dentist in its diagnoses and management.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the electronic databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google scholar. A total of 94 relevant peer reviewed articles were retrieved and 42 were included in the present review.
RESULTS: OSA can be fairly diagnosed by dentists while the patient has come for dental check-up. But insufficient knowledge and awareness among dentists about the diagnostic and treatment protocol of this under-diagnosed condition. It has also proven to be one of the underlying cause of many like diseases like cardiovascular problems, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. To the rescue, dental sleep medicine is gaining enormous attention. In the lieu of the above context ‘American Dental Association (ADA)’ has adopted a policy that focuses on outlines various diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities that can be carried out by dentist for management of OSA.
CONCLUSION: It can be concluded since there is no sufficient evidence for the prevalence of OSA in developing countries like India, it is needed to create awareness and implement appropriate diagnostic and preventive measures for the same
India’s Air Pollution: The Horrendous Situation
Get PDFEditorial Comment on Air Pollution by Parul Chawla, Editorial Coordinator, IHR
Primary Gastric Localization of Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma and Viral Hepatitis C. A Case Report at the Department of Clinical Hematology of University Hospital of Yopougon, Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)
Get PDFNon-Hodgkin's lymphomas are characterized by its clinical and pathological polymorphism. In the stomach, MALT lymphomas are common and mostly associated with Helicobacter Pylori infection. We report a case of 76-year old women with a medical history of chronic stomach pain, addressed for the investigation of normochromic normocytic anemia. The clinical picture included signs of digestive hemorrhage and stomach pain. Gastrointestinal endoscopy and histology noted an unspecified ulcer-budding tumor without signs of Helibacter pylori infection. Immunohistochemistry concluded to diffuse large B cell lymphoma with CD79b +, BCL10 +/-, BCL2+, BCL6 +, MUM1+. The Ann Arbor classification was stage IE. The serology of Helicobacter pylori was negative. Pre-treatment investigation noted a comorbity with Hepatitis C infection. This study has two interests. Firstly the rarity of the localization of this lymphoma, and secondly, the etiopathological interest because of association with hepatitis C virus
Battery Ingestion: A Potentially Life-Threatening Issue
Get PDFButton battery ingestion cases are rare but possibilities of these turning into life-threatening or fatal conditions are high. Such an unfortunate incidence may progress to serious complications and require major surgery if the foreign body is not identified or removed well in time. Lithium is a possible component of button batteries being used these days. The consequences of batteries containing lithium are medically significant. This review is to focus on general safety information regarding button battery ingestion, facts learned from reports published previously, and conclusion derived from brilliant literature
A Study on Gender Preferences and its Sociocultural aspects among Married Women (18-45 Years) in Rural Gurugram
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Declining sex ratio is a major concern worldwide, especially in a developing country like India. The role of sociocultural factors in gender preference is known since ages. The skewed sex ratio in India is attributed to selective female feticides and misuse of technological advancements. This also has a strong influence on contraceptive acceptance among couples.
OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted to explore the contraceptive use, gender preferences and its determinants among married women in rural Gurgaon.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among married women (18-45years) residing in the rural field practice area of SGT medical college and hospital, Gurugram. The sample size was found to be 400. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants. Pre- tested, pre-designed questionnaire was used for data collection.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Among 400 married women, current contraceptive usage among study population was found to be 58.25%. The most common method of contraception used by the study subjects was intrauterine contraceptive device. The preference for male child was found among 49.5% women. The reasons cited for such preference were propagation of family name (48.2%), financial dependability in the old age (34%), social responsibilities are carried out by males (25.3%) and males are lesser economic liability (31%). Lower age group of mother, nulliparity, Hindu religion, lower educational status and lower socioeconomic status were found to be the determinants of male child preference in the present study.
CONCLUSION: There is need of awareness and education amongst women and both the genders deserve equal respect without any preferences
Caries Risk Assessment: Cariogram-An Insight
Get PDFDental caries is a public health problem. A new interactive graphical computorised system was introducted which is belived to record the caries risk assessment in less time depending of number of factors. This paper focus on the different sectors used in cariogram and its importance in reducing the caries risk
Association between Body Mass Index, Dental Caries (DMFT& PUFA) And Socioeconomic Status in 12 to 15 Year Old School Children
Get PDFAim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between body mass index, dental caries (DMFT), untreated dental caries (PUFA) and socioeconomic status in 12 to 15 year old school children.
Material and methods: The study sample consisted of 800 children aged 12 to 15 years, who were selected from 8 schools located in the district-Panchkula (Haryana). Intraoral examination was done for assessment of dental caries by using DMFT index (WHO, 2013).The clinical manifestations of untreated dental caries were assessed visually by using the PUFA index (2010). Socioeconomic status of children was assessed by using Kuppuswami’s socioeconomic scale 2016. After one week, anthropometric measurements of children were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI) of children.
Results: Among 800 school children, 503 (62.9%) children had dental caries. The body mass index (BMI) of children was weakly correlated with DMFT (r=0.285) and PUFA (r=0.109) whereas average correlation was found between BMI and SES (r= 0.424). On applying chi-square test, a statistical significant correlation was found between BMI and DMFT (p<0.01), BMI and PUFA (p<0.01) and BMI and SES (p<0.01). SES of children was weakly correlated with DMFT (r= 0.216) but no correlation was found between SES and PUFA (r=0.052, p=0.145).
Conclusion: The study concluded that a significant but weak positive correlation was seen between dental caries and BMI. A significantly positive correlation was found between PUFA and BMI. The severity of dental caries increased with increase in BMI. No correlation was found between PUFA and SES
Are Husbands Involving in Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness for their Wives’ Pregnancies?: A Cross-Sectional Study in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Husbands’ involvement in birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) has been encouraged as a new approach to improve maternal health for safe motherhood since 2000. However, Myanmar is a patriarchy society and despite the strong domination of husbands on the health of their families, their role and involvement in maternal health are still limited.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess husbands’ involvement in BP/CR for their pregnant wives in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research was a cross sectional study which was carried out through a structured questionnaire among 198 husbands of pregnant women aged 18 years and above in Nay Pyi Taw.
RESULTS: The results showed that 42.4% of husbands included in the study had poor involvement in BP/CR for safe motherhood. Approximately 38% of husbands failed to plan health facility for delivery, 45% did not plan for a skilled birth attendant, 20% did not save money for the delivery, 43% neglected transportation arrangement and 66% did not identify a blood donor in case of emergency. Husbands having good knowledge and positive attitude were significantly (p-value <0.001) involved in BP/CR as compared to those who did not. In addition, husbands who planned the pregnancy along with wives were involved in BP/CR more than those who did not and association was significant at p<0.001.
Conclusion: Level of husbands’ involvement in BP/CR is slightly low for their wives’ pregnancies. It was, therefore, recommended that effective husband involvement intervention programmes should be promoted at all levels of healthcare for safe motherhood
Dental Caries Experience among Industrial Workers in Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, India
Get PDFBackground: Dental caries, the oral disease with multifactorial causes is a major public health problem leading go medically significant morbidity and impacting the general health of a population directly or indirectly. Dental caries is known to affect people from every population.
Objective: To assess dental caries experience in permanent dentition among industrial workers in Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1024 industrial workers of Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, in the age group of 16-55 years. Dental caries experience was assessed using WHO dentition status proforma (2013). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21.0.
Results: Out of 1024 study subjects, 572 were males and 452 were females. Caries prevalence was found to be 47.46%. Mean decay-missing-filled teeth score of the population was 0.95 ± 0.45 and was found to be higher among females (1.06 ± 0.42) as compared to males (0.93 ± 0.38).
Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries in industrial workers is noteworthy. Essential requisites to bring this under control include awareness regarding good dental health, education on prevention of dental caries and implication of necessary measures for the provision of adequate dental care