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Impact of ADHD Symptoms on Social Rejection
Get PDFThere is increasing evidence that children diagnosed with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face social difficulties, peer rejection, and experience victimization across all ages. However, to my knowledge, there is no long-term, large study that focuses on the correlation between ADHD and social rejection. In this study, I explored whether ADHD symptoms in elementary school predicted social rejection in middle and high school among typically developing youth. NICHD is a longitudinal study of early child care and youth development from infancy to age 15. A total of 1,364 children and families across 10 United States locations participated in the study. The sample consisted of 659 females and 705 males. This study specifically used data collected from 3rd grade to age 15. Mother’s average ADHD score significantly predicted an increase in peer victimization at age 15, exclusion by peers at age 15, and CBCL social problems scores by mother, father, and the study child at age 15. The only non-significant finding was for peer victimization as rated by the student themselves. These results indicate that higher ADHD scores predict higher social rejection in school. They also indicated that the study child might look at peer victimization differently than the adults surrounding them
Can I Trust You to be a Friend? Investigating the Role of Women\u27s Friendship Preferences in Friendship-Making Decisions
Get PDFAlthough research has documented the importance of friends, little research has explored the impact of women’s preferences on whether people want to be their friends. This study builds off Bradshaw (2021) to investigate how women’s friendship preferences influence the likelihood of her pursuing potential friends. We hypothesized that 1) women who prefer to have male friends (guys’ girls) would have higher sociosexual orientation (SOI) scores compared to women who prefer to have female friends (girls’ girls) and 2) participants who viewed a profile of a guys’ girl would rate her as having lower SOI attitudes than participants who viewed a profile of a girls’ girl. Contrary to our predictions, results showed that girls’ girls had higher SOI attitudes (p =0.005), desire (p = 0.039), and overall (p = 0.015) scores, compared to guys’ girls. Additionally, we found that when viewing the target, there was no effect of the participant’s friendship preferences (p = 0.743), but there was a significant condition effect such that participants thought a target who was described as a guys’ girl would have higher SOI attitude scores (p = 0.001). Finally, when determining if participants would want to be friends with the target, we found a non-significant effect of participants’ friendship preference (p = 0.241) and condition (p = 0.228), but there was a significant interaction such that girls’ girls were significantly less likely to want to be friends with a target who was described as guys’ girl (p = 0.012)
How Perceived Competence Is Influenced in Youth Boys and Girls
No full textYouth competence can be a defining factor in how competence is perceived as an adult. Many things can influence youth competence, including parent expectations and youths’ own goals in sports, and these influences might differ for boys and girls. Another factor that could influence youth competence is parental motivational climate, which can come in two forms: task- (e.g., when parents emphasize personal improvement) and ego-orientation (e.g., when parents emphasize peer competition). Therefore, we have three research questions: How do youth perceive their competence and perceive their parents’ goals for their participation, do competence and perceived parental behaviors differ between boys and girls aged 8-12, and how are the youth’s perceptions of their parents\u27 goals for sport related to their perceived competence, and does that differ for boys and girls? In this study, we examined a group of 106 youth athletes (34 female; 72 male), aged 8-12, who played 22 different sports. For boys, global self-worth was inversely related to the father’s ego orientation, and social competence was positively related to the father’s task behaviors. For girls, athletic competence was positively related to both mother’s and father’s task behaviors, and parents’ ego orientation was unrelated to competence and self-worth. In both boys and girls, we see that both father ego-promoting values and mother task-promoting values have the largest impact on youth-perceived competence
The Value of Indigenous Consultation in Lithium Mining
Get PDFThis research examines the economic, environmental, and social challenges related to the lithium mines at Thacker Pass and Rhyolite Ridge in Nevada. Both mines are located on lands that are historically important to local tribal communities and will affect multiple indigenous tribes in the area. From an economic perspective, I will analyze the regional, national, corporate, and tribal economic benefits to understand the different ways people are benefiting from lithium extraction. There is also the possibility of economic loss faced by tribal communities that are against the mining operations and protest or sue to stop the mines from occurring. The social and environmental dimensions are largely intertwined, with many reasons for both tribal communities and conservation groups being against the mining operations. This is part of the reason tribal communities are willing to face economic loss from nonparticipation or challenging the mines. This study explores the trade-offs between economic development, environmental sustainability, and tribal sovereignty and can be used by companies, policymakers, and tribal governments to make better informed decisions for future projects
Neurodevelopmental Comorbidities in Early-Onset 5q-SMA Treated with Disease-Modifying Therapies: A Scoping Review
Get PDFRecent studies have reported possible neurodevelopmental comorbidities in some early onset 5q-spinal muscular atrophy (5q-SMA) patients treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMT). This scoping review aims to determine the current state of the published and grey literature on neurodevelopmental comorbidities in early onset 5q-SMA patients treated with nusinersen, risdiplam, or onasemnogene abeparvovec. Eligible records included primary literature (journal papers excluding review articles), and conference proceedings (abstracts or posters) published in 2016 or later. A total of 6,310 database and grey literature records were screened, of which five primary literature and six conference proceedings were included. Ten records used quantitative approaches (the other mixed methods) while specific outcome measures varied. Mixed findings were reported on association of worse cognitive or developmental outcomes with gender, lower SMN2 copy number, and motor function. Authors most often explained findings by citing unknown brain injury or pathophysiology, use of non-disease specific tests, effect of motor or communicative function on exposure to environmental stimulation, and lack of SMN protein in non-spinal cord neurons. This review underscores the need for research into the longitudinal neurodevelopmental profile of these patients, creation of disease-specific outcome measures, and exploration of the neuropathophysiological characteristics of early onset 5q-SMA patients treated with DMTs
Zooarchaeology of the Western Snake River Basin: Late Archaic Hunter-Gatherer Diets
Get PDFFor my zooarchaeology research project, I analyzed the faunal remains from the Medbury site, a late Archaic site located near Hammett, Idaho. From the 6,722 faunal remains collected at this site, I gathered information regarding taxonomy and bone modifications in order to compare the dietary implications of this assemblage to other sites along the Western Snake River. The high level of fragmentation among the bones made it difficult to produce specific identifications, although deer, rabbit, salmon, and rodents made up the majority of the remains; fish were the most common fauna identified at the Medbury site, followed by rabbit then deer. This parallels the patterns seen across other sites along the Western Snake River, indicating that the inhabitants of the Medbury site likely practiced similar hunting strategies as their counterparts to acquire sustenance. The majority of the remains were charred, reflecting the discard of remains into a fire hearth. Overall, this information was used to better understand the diets of late Archaic hunter-gatherers along the Western Snake River
Molecular Cloning of \u3cem\u3eStaphylococcus aureus\u3c/em\u3e Alpha Toxin as an Antigen for Vaccine Development
No full textStaphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacterium known for causing a wide variety of dangerous infections in humans, as well as a disease known as mastitis in dairy cows. The development of a vaccine to target S. aureus bovine mastitis would be a more effective and less expensive treatment for the disease than culling or antibiotics. The S. aureus hla gene codes for alpha toxin (also known as hemolysin), a protein that acts as a virulence factor for S. aureus related infections. To begin production of the hemolysin protein for use as an antigen in the vaccine, PCR with agarose gel electrophoresis was used to isolate and amplify the hla gene from S. aureus strain NCTC 8325 / PS 47. The PCR product was then ligated into two different vectors (pAJW003 and pARLDR19), and the resulting plasmids (pRK001 and pRK002, respectively) were each transformed into TE1 E. coli cells. pRK001 transformed cells grew successfully on Luria-Bertani + chloramphenicol + glucose (LB+cm+glu) plates, and PCR with gel electrophoresis was used again with the same primers as before to confirm successful transformation. pRK001 colonies were saved as glycerol stocks for future purification of the hemolysin protein as part of the vaccine. pRK002 transformed cells did not present any growth on LB+cm+glu plates, and are currently under further experimentation
Devoured (Detail 1)
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Thermo-Optic Modeling for Greater Data Handling Capabilities
No full textPhase change materials (PCM) serve an important role in the advancement of computing, as they enable computers to have greater data handling capacity, faster processing times, and decreased energy consumption. PCM’s like germanium telluride (GeTe) function in tandem with microheaters to change from an amorphous state to varying levels of crystallinity. Thus, it is through controlled phase changes that one can manipulate the transmittance of light and get different states of memory. Therefore, the objective of this research activity is to model microheaters and photonic devices, and subsequently implement a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) to vary the intensity of light. For this project, a well-known PCM, such as GeTe sputtered on a thin film of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), will be modeled. COMSOL will be used to find the temperature distribution induced by the ITO microheaters in the PCM. Next, Lumerical FDTD will be used to model the MZI and the effects of different phases of the PCM on the device’s operation. With the exploratory nature of this research project, expected outcomes are to find suitable power input parameters, specific levels of crystallinity, and varying levels of output intensity
Triboelectric Nanogenerators
No full textTriboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) are a cutting-edge technology that generate electricity through the interaction of materials in motion. Using basic contact and separation, TENGs convert mechanical energy into electrical output, offering a sustainable solution for powering small devices. This poster presents an overview of TENG functionality, design types, and material innovation. TENGs are especially promising in wearable technology, such as clothing that powers sensors from body movement, as well as in natural energy harvesting from sources like wind and ocean waves. Their ability to produce high voltage from low-frequency motion makes them ideal for use in both personal and environmental settings. While current challenges include scaling and optimizing efficiency, rapid advancements in materials and structure are driving TENGs closer to real-world adoption. This research highlights TENGs as a viable path toward lightweight, low-cost, and self-powered energy systems