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A194: Examining the Cultivation Paths and Practical Strategies of National Community Consciousness Through Rural Sports Events
No full textNational community consciousness is fundamental for national stability and ethnic unity. Rural sports events, an integral part of rural cultural life, play a crucial role in promoting this consciousness. Amidst the push for rural revitalization and cultural preservation, this study aims to clarify how rural sports events enhance national community consciousness. Through a comprehensive literature review, it offers theoretical support for fostering rural ethnic harmony and cultural prosperity. Method: was conducted. Databases like CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, and EBSCO were searched using keywords such as rural sports events , national community consciousness , and ethnic cultural exchanges for literature in the past 20 years. Over 300 relevant documents were selected. Literature metrology analyzed research trends, content analysis extracted key information, and case-based examples explored the promotion mechanisms. Rural sports events boost cultural identity via cultural integration. The March 3rd sports activities of the Zhuang ethnic group in Guangxi are a prime example. The embroidered balls in the ball-tossing game carry Zhuang\u27s cultural symbols, facilitating cultural exchanges. Social interaction in events like the Village Super basketball game in Rongjiang, Guizhou, allows villagers of different ethnic groups to communicate and cooperate, strengthening ethnic friendship. Also, collective experiences in the Nadam Fair in Inner Mongolia and rural dragon boat races in Guizhou enhance the sense of collective belonging. In the Nadam Fair, traditional sports and group competitions unite people. In dragon boat races, the joint efforts in boatbuilding and rowing, along with the shared excitement of the audience, reinforce the idea of a unified nation. This study demonstrated the significant role of rural sports events in promoting national community consciousness. It details and validates the specific paths more comprehensively than previous studies. However, there are limitations in case selection and data collection. Future research expands the case scope and collects first-hand data. Practically, the research results can guide the government and relevant departments to support rural sports events, promoting ethnic unity and rural revitalization
A300: The Relationship Between Sports Morality and Executive Function in Secondary School Students: An Intervention Study
No full textIn the context of globalization, there is an increasing emphasis on the development of core competencies. Many countries have adopted core competencies as key curriculum goals and evaluation criteria. In China, the Physical Education and Health curriculum follows this trend, incorporating core competencies such as motor skills, healthy behaviors, and sports morality. Among them, sports morality is a crucial component, playing an essential role in fostering students’ moral development through physical activity. Research in psychology and education suggests a potential link between sports morality and executive function. As a complex, high-level cognitive process, executive function significantly impacts students\u27 problem-solving abilities and other cognitive skills. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sports morality and executive function in Chinese junior high school students, to alleviate the tension between academic and physical education curricula and enhance the educational value of physical education. A total of 20 seventh-grade students were randomly selected and divided into an experimental group and a control group. A 12-week (18-session) teaching intervention was implemented. The experimental group received football-based physical education, while the control group followed a traditional PE curriculum. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included a sports morality questionnaire and executive function tests for all participants. Paired sample t-tests were used to evaluate changes in sports morality before and after the intervention, while ANCOVA was employed to compare the effects of different teaching approaches on students’ sports morality. Changes in executive function were analyzed using paired t-tests and ANCOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between executive function and sports morality. P significantly improved students’ sports morality and executive function. Sports character, a dimension of sports morality, was negatively correlated with cognitive flexibility (p \u3c 0.05), while sportsmanship was negatively correlated with updating function (p \u3c 0.05). Conclusion: P can effectively enhance students’ levels of sports morality and executive function. Junior high school students with higher levels of sports morality tend to show better cognitive flexibility and updating abilities. Therefore, school PE programs should place greater emphasis on cultivating students’ sports morality, leveraging the moral education function to promote holistic student development
A189: The Impact of AI-Integrated Sport Blended Learning on Primary School Students\u27 Sports Skills and Attitudes
No full textThis study examined the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) integrated sport blended learning (SBL) compared to traditional face-to-face sport learning (TFSL) on primary school students\u27 sport skills and attitudes. AI-integrated SBL provides a personalized learning experience that has been shown to be effective in enhancing sports performance and students\u27 engagement in physical education (PE). The purpose of this study was to examine how the use of AI-integrated SBL can improve students\u27 sport skills and foster a more positive attitude toward learning sports. Two AI tools were used in the study, namely the Exercise Load Detection System (ELMS) and the Daily Jump Rope App (DJR). The study used the SBL method, where sport skills were analyzed and compared with data collected from students in Vital capacity, 50-meter run, Sit-up-and-bend, and 1-minute Jump rope through pre-and post-test data. The sports learning attitude scale used in this study was composed of four aspects: (1) students\u27 sports attitude, (2) sports learning purpose, (3) sports learning time, and (4) sports learning evaluation. The AI-integrated SBL instructional model outperformed the TFSL instructional model, and students made significant progress in both sport skills and attitudes toward sport learning. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare the two groups\u27 sport skills scores, and the difference in means between the two groups was significant (Sig value \u3c 0.01) in all four tests of Vital capacity (x̄ = -1545), 50-meter run (x̄ = 9.26), Sit-up-and-bend (x̄ = 13.37), and 1-minute Jump rope (x̄ = 141). In the descriptive statistics of students used for the analysis of sport attitudes, M = 4.27 for the sport learning time (SLT) group, M = 4.19 for the sport attitude (SA) group, M = 4.18 for the sport learning evaluation (SLE) group, and M= 4.11 for the sport learning objective (SLO) group, which showed that the consistency of the attitudes of students towards PE learning was high among all the groups, and all of them held a more positive evaluation towards SBL, which held more positive evaluations. The AI-integrated SBL model achieved better results in terms of sport performance and sport attitude compared to TFSL. The significance of this study emphasizes that AI-integrated SBL can make a difference in the way students learn sports and provides a reference point for other scholars\u27 future research
A115: The Effects of Different Exercise Modalities on Liver Fat and Metabolic Risk Factors in NAFLD
No full textGiven the lack of pharmacological interventions, exercise remains a critical strategy for managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with its efficacy well-established. Different exercise modalities induce distinct physiological stress profiles, potentially exerting differential effects on NAFLD. As NAFLD is considered a hepatic manifestation of systemic metabolic dysregulation, this study comprehensively compared the therapeutic effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and resistance training (RT) on NAFLD across multiple metabolic dimensions: liver fat, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and central obesity. Thirty-six adults with NAFLD (age: 51±8 years) were randomized to three 8-week supervised exercise regimens: MICT (3 sessions/week, 60 minutes/session at 60-70% HRmax), HIIT (3 sessions/week, 3 sets/session alternating 4-minute intervals at 85% HRmax and 4-minute recovery at 60% HRmax), or RT (3 sessions/week, 8 exercises at 60% 1RM, 3 sets × 12 repetitions). Liver fat content was measured using MRI-PDFF, insulin resistance was assessed using HOMA-IR, insulin sensitivity was assessed using the QUICKI index, and the degree of central obesity was assessed using waist circumference. After 8 weeks, both MICT (−2.13%; 95% CI, −3.23 to −1.02; p \u3c 0.01) and HIIT (−1.74%; 95% CI, −3.00 to −0.48; p \u3c 0.01) significantly reduced liver fat, with no difference between the two (P = 0.64). MICT also lowered fasting insulin levels (−3.47 μU/mL; 95% CI, −6.22 to −0.72; p = 0.02) and improved insulin sensitivity (QUICKI: +0.01; 95% CI, 0.002–0.02; p = 0.02). Waist circumference decreased in both MICT (−5.46 cm; 95% CI, −8.18 to −2.74; p \u3c 0.01) and RT (−3.25 cm; 95% CI, −6.07 to −0.43; p = 0.02), with MICT showing a greater reduction than HIIT (p = 0.02). HIIT increased HDL cholesterol (+0.118 mmol/L; 95% CI, 0.02–0.22; p = 0.03). MICT was the most effective exercise modality for NAFLD management, achieving simultaneous improvements in hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and central obesity. While HIIT reduced liver fat, it exhibited limitations in addressing glucose metabolism and central obesity. RT showed no direct therapeutic effect on NAFLD pathology
A072: Case Study Method in Sport Management: A Systematic Literature Review from 2013–2023
No full textCase study, as a scientific research method of social science, has been widely used in sport management. To date, there have been scarce attempts to systematically review how the case study method has been applied in sport management. In this regard, the key objective of this study is to present a general picture of case study research in sport management over the decade. To achieve our objective, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted in four leading sport management journals published from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2023. The primary objective of an SLR is to address a focused research question by systematically identifying, appraising, and summarizing all available evidence by both authors. Result: The results show that the primary focus areas were organization and governance (n=31), sport events and leverage (n=29), sport-for-development (n=16), and community development (n=14). The frequency of case studies varied year by year. Ian O’Boyle and Michael Hutchinson stood out as prolific authors, contributing five and three articles, respectively. 61.5% of the articles applied theoretical frameworks, with escalation of commitment theory, stakeholder theory, and social inclusion theory being frequently used. Single-case studies were most common (n=46), followed by multiple-case (n=38) and double-case studies (n=7). Data collection predominantly involved two sources (n=59), with an average of 23 interviewees per study. Notably, the average interviewees of JSM were 27, followed by 25 of SMR, 21 of ESMQ, and 12 of IJSMS. Data analysis methods varied, with within-case analysis being the most prevalent (n=44), followed by within & cross-case analysis (n=40). Seven articles employed alternative methods such as thematic and network analysis. From the discussion, one may conclude that the application of case study methods in sport management research has provided profound insights into complex phenomena within the field. However, there are still three main issues that need to be discussed. Firstly, why are there still over half of the research in sport management applied to a single case study? Secondly, whether the case study method in sport management builds or tests theory? Lastly, why do scholars focus on sport organization, event, and development? Ultimately, this systematic review equips sports organizations with the strategic capabilities needed to enhance brand presence, operational efficiency, and overall impact, contributing to the sustainable growth and development of the sports industry on a global scale
A221: Cycling and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
No full textThe increasing popularity of cycling has sparked debates about its potential association with male erectile dysfunction (ED). This study aimed to systematically evaluate the relationship between cycling and ED through a meta-analysis to provide evidence-based conclusions. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, etc.) up to December 20, 2024, to identify observational studies investigating cycling and ED prevalence. Eligible studies were screened, and data were extracted for quality assessment using the AHRQ (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) bias risk tool. Meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessment were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 18.0. Among 271 screened studies, 31 met the inclusion criteria, with 8 studies (4,729 cyclists vs. 2,843 non-cyclists) eligible for meta-analysis. Pooled results revealed no significant difference in ED prevalence between cyclists and non-cyclists [risk ratio (RR) = 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79–1.71, P = 0.44]. Subgroup analyses stratified by age, geographic region, and assessment tools showed consistent non-significant associations (P \u3e 0.05). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robust outcomes, and Egger’s test indicated publication bias (P = 0.23). Current evidence does not support a causal relationship between cycling and erectile dysfunction in males
A249: The Occurrence of Depression Among Chinese High School Students
No full textDepression is a prevalent mental health condition globally, with significant implications for adolescent well-being. To safeguard adolescents\u27 physical and mental health, it is critical to examine the prevalence of depression and its risk factors. However, existing studies on adolescent depression have limitations, and the regional distribution of depression among adolescents remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the distribution of depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. This study recruited 617 high school students aged 15–18 years from the 12th High School in Huaibei, Anhui Province. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect demographic information and data from the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) via a questionnaire. Independent samples t-tests were used to analyze the distributional characteristics of depressive symptoms, focusing on differences across symptom severity and gender. A total of 537 adolescents met the inclusion criteria, comprising 243 males (45.3%) and 294 females (54.7%), with a mean age of 16.2 ± 0.5 years, a mean height of 170.7 ± 8.1 cm, and a mean body weight of 63.6 ± 14.0 kg. Of these, 306 exhibited depressive symptoms (140 males, 166 females), with a mean SDS score of 43.5 ± 5.6. There was a significant difference in mean SDS scores between males and females (males: 44.1 ± 5.8 vs. females: 43.0 ± 5.4, p = 0.027). Among them, 247 students had mild depressive symptoms (108 males, 139 females), 55 had moderate depressive symptoms (29 males, 26 females), and 4 had severe depressive symptoms (3 males, 1 female). More than half of the high school students exhibited depressive symptoms. Although males had significantly higher mean SDS scores than females, a greater number of females than males experienced depression. These findings highlight mental health challenges among adolescents and suggest that targeted physical activity interventions could be implemented in the future to address psychological issues and reduce mental health risks. Overall, depression among high school students warrants greater attention
A142: The Health Value of Tai Chi Chuan\u27s Swing Force on the Spine
No full textTai Chi Chuan is a kind of Neijia Quanshu for Wushu. Swing force is the fundamental guarantee for its implementation of bringing in and losing balance, taking advantage of aggressiveness, and controlling Yang with Yin to defeat opponents. Based on the analysis of Tai Chi Chuan\u27s swing force, this paper explores its value in maintaining, enhancing, and improving the spine function, establishing and improving Tai Chi Chuan\u27s theory system of health care for the spine. Method: To interpret Tai Chi Chuan\u27s swinging force in three dimensions: up and down, back and forth, left and right, and comprehensively analyze its maintenance and improvement of the normal physiological function of the spine from the perspective of health preservation. Tai Chi Chuan\u27s swing force is a reciprocating motion by linking up segments with Dantian as the core, which acts downwards on the ground through the lower body and then passes up to the top of the head through the spine of the middle body, and then drives the upper body. When Tai Chi Chuan swings to exert force, linking up segments of the middle body depends on the movement of the spine, which has a health effect. Mainly manifested in: 1. When swinging, a line is required between the top of the head, the tail end, and the bottom of the foot, which helps to maintain the median and S curves of the spine and the firmness between joints; 2. When the swinging force is exerted, the internal movement of the spine runs through pulling the tendons of the spine, and then bringing the swells onto the peripheral muscles, which not only makes the spine movable, but also conducts the spines in turn, thus improving the motion function of the spine 3. The continuity of the spine is helpful to strengthen Qi and blood circulation of the Du meridian, Ren meridian, and connected meridians, thus enhancing the physiological function of the spine 4. When the swing force is exerted, the movement of the spine can promote the treatment and rehabilitation of spinal-related diseases. Tai Chi Chuan\u27s swinging force has a good health effect on preserving, maintaining, and improving the normal physiological function of the spine, promoting the treatment and rehabilitation of spinal-related diseases, and preventing the occurrence of various spinal diseases
A166: Implications of Finland’s AI-Enhanced Physical Education Model for China’s School Physical Education Reform
No full textThe rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has profoundly reshaped global educational paradigms. By leveraging its well-established education system, Finland has actively integrated AI into physical education (PE), driving significant advancements in school-based PE. Meanwhile, China’s PE reform is at a critical juncture, facing challenges in resource allocation, pedagogical innovation, and technological integration. This study systematically examines AI applications in Finnish PE, evaluates their pedagogical impact, and explores their applicability in the Chinese context to inform AI-driven innovations in China’s PE reform. A systematic literature review focused on AI applications in PE within Finland and China. Data were retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and CNKI, covering English and Chinese publications from 2014 to 2024. The study adhered to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, with thematic content analysis identifying key areas of AI implementation. The findings reveal that Finland has successfully integrated AI into PE, primarily in the following areas: (1) Personalized and Adaptive Learning – AI platforms dynamically adjust training regimens based on students’ physical conditions and learning progress. AI-powered interactive games further enhance student engagement. (2) Performance Analytics and Feedback – The Finnish National Agency for Education collaborates with AI enterprises, utilizing AI-driven data analytics to optimize sports performance and injury prevention. (3) Teacher Training in AI Pedagogy – Finnish educators undergo systematic training in AI-assisted PE instruction, with institutions such as the University of Jyväskylä prioritizing AI competency in teacher preparation. China has initiated pilot projects in AI-powered sports analytics and digital fitness education, reflecting a growing emphasis on AI-driven PE. However, challenges persist, including disparities in technological resources, insufficient AI literacy among educators, and outdated assessment frameworks. AI holds transformative potential for PE, and Finland’s experience offers valuable insights for China’s PE reform. Key recommendations include: (1) Enhancing AI Integration in Teacher Training – Strengthening AI-focused professional development to equip educators with necessary competencies. (2) Advancing AI-Driven Performance Assessment – Utilizing AI technologies to enable objective, data-informed evaluations. (3) Fostering Policy Support for AI Adoption – Promoting AI-integrated pedagogical models to drive innovation in PE instruction. (4) Bridging the Digital Divide – Addressing infrastructural disparities to ensure equitable access to AI-enhanced PE education. Future research should empirically assess the efficacy of AI applications in Chinese PE and their impact on student learning outcomes
A170: The First Doctorate in Chinese Sports: An Exploration and Reflection on Zhang Yong\u27s Sports Thought
No full textZhang Yong is the first person to obtain a doctoral degree in modern China\u27s sports world, choosing sports as his lifelong career and leaving more sports theories and practical experiences for China\u27s sports academics, but there are quite a few results of the current research on Zhang Yong\u27s sports thought. Method: literature method. A total of 19 articles published by Zhang Yong was collected. 1. advocated the establishment of sports administration departments and sports inspectors. Zhang Yong defended his doctoral dissertation, “State Organization and Administration of Health and Physical Education,” at Columbia University in the United States in March 1932, and after returning to China in that year, he combined his doctoral dissertation with his proposal to set up a department of physical education and a sports inspectorate, which was finally adopted. To this day, the achievements made in the field of sports cannot be separated from the scientific management of the sports administration. 2. Advocating the popularization of sports, so that every child can enjoy the happiness brought by sports. Zhang Yong found that many students were interested in sports and that the purpose of sports was not to cultivate proud and untamed athletes, but to let students have fun through sports and cultivate the spirit of national unity and cooperation. 3. Advocating the study of foreign languages and translating foreign works. Zhang Yong has translated more than a hundred foreign writings and news articles, among which “Sports in America” has provided valuable reference materials for the study of modern foreign sports. Conclusion: 1. Provide theoretical support for the targeted integration of physical education and competitive sports. More scholars are needed to go to the grassroots level the difficulties and highlights in the process, realize the in-depth integration of physical education and competitive sports. 2. Provide practical direction for the full implementation of physical education classes, so that students can enjoy the fun of sports. Implement the “four-in-one” guideline. 3. Enhance the foreign language learning of physical education teachers, so that they can learn about Chinese and foreign countries, past and present. There is an urgent need to cultivate interpreters who know, understand, and love sports as Zhang Yong does