International Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education (IJSSHE)
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Earthquake And Landslide Disaster Risk Assessment At The University Of Defense: A Preliminary Study
Full text linkThe geographical location of the University of Defense in Bogor Regency, Citereup Sub-district, Bogor, West Java, is a sloping terrain that can potentially cause landslides. The InaRISK map released by BNPB, shows that the Defense University is located in an area of Bogor Regency that is prone to disasters, especially landslides. Disaster risk assessment is an approach to show the potential negative impacts that may arise due to a potential disaster. The potential negative impacts are calculated based on the level of vulnerability and capacity of the area. This potential negative impact is seen from the potential number of people exposed, property loss, and environmental damage (PERKA BNPB, 2012). Researchers conducted an analysis of landslide and earthquake disaster vulnerability at the University of Defense. A study of building and population vulnerability to potential earthquakes and landslides was conducted at the University of Defense. The components of social vulnerability at the University of Defense in the event of an earthquake and landslide were obtained. Researchers obtained data on population capacity and building conditions at the University of Defense. Landslide and earthquake disaster risks have the potential to occur at the University of Defense. The University of Defense has the potential threat of landslides because the buildings of the University of Defense are located on hilly slopes. The vulnerability of the University of Defense buildings, the University of Defense buildings have not been designed to be entirely earthquake resistant. This can be seen in some buildings that have visible cracks. It is necessary to retrofit or strengthen the foundations of buildings in the Defense University area that have experienced a decrease in performance such as cracking, shifting, displacement. An important component where the University community and students need self-protection and rescue skills through training
Managerial Economic Strategies In Improving Micro Business
Full text linkMicro, small and medium enterprises or better known as MSMEs. Currently its existence is a priority for the government because it is considered capable of significantly developing the national economy in Indonesia. In developing the national economy in Indonesia, the priority is Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). MSMEs are the backbone of the people's economic system to reduce the problem of poverty and their development is able to expand the economic base and can make a significant contribution to improving the regional economy and national economic resilience. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using a library research approach. The data source in this research is a secondary data source. Data collection techniques using keyword searches, subject searches and the latest scientific articles. The results of the research found that: The development of MSMEs is not free from challenges that urgently need to find solutions, including human resource, managerial, monitoring and evaluation, trust and capital issues so that they can improve and develop MSMEs in order to increase national economic resilience
Impacts, Challenges, And Opportunities Of Rohingya Immigrants For Aceh's Regional Economy And Indonesia's National Security
Full text linkThe fundamental problem of Rohingya immigrants coming to Indonesia in large numbers has been a hotly debated issue in recent years. Rohingya immigrants are a group of ethnic minorities from Rakhine state, Myanmar. They have experienced discriminatory treatment that has caused them to flee Myanmar and seek safety in other countries, including Indonesia. The arrival of immigrants to Indonesia has the potential to impact the regional economy of Indonesia's national security. The regional economy is an economic activity carried out by economic actors (households, companies, and government) in a region to meet the needs of its people. Meanwhile, national security is an effort and strategy undertaken by the state to protect the integrity, sovereignty and sustainability of life and aims to ensure the safety and security of the state. In resolving national security through diplomacy between countries. For Indonesia, this is very important to achieve national development and ensure the safety and welfare of the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the arrival of Rohingya immigrants on Indonesia's national security, the impact can be in the form of threats or opportunities, in this case government policies to deal with the problem. This research uses a systematic literature review method with national and international approaches. This is to draw conclusions from several previous studies related to Rohingya immigrants: Threat or opportunity for Indonesia's national security. It is hoped that this research can provide a reference to the government in determining policies related to Rohingya immigrants for Indonesia's national security
DIRECT INSTRUCTION MODEL ON WRITING SKILLS IN ENGLISH SUBJECTS
Full text linkThis research is motivated by English language learning which is still not optimal. The low interest of students in learning to write Indonesian causes students with special needs to express their ideas in written form. And this is supported by the results of the Mid-Semester Assessment (MSA) which are still unsatisfactory for many students. So researchers conducted research using the Direct Instruction model. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the Direct Teaching model on the English theme writing skills of fifth grade students at SD N 14 Koto Baru. This type of research was carried out using quantitative research methods, design in the form of Pre-Experimental Designs type One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The research was conducted at SD N 14 Koto Baru. This research was carried out in the even semester (II) of the 2020/2021 academic year, the research sample was 35 class V students. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon sign rank test, a significance value of 0.000<0.05 was obtained. It can be concluded that there is an influence of the Direct Teaching model on the English theme writing skills of fifth grade students at SD N 14 Koto Baru. Based on research, the Direct instruction model has a good influence on writing skills in English subjects.This research is motivated by English language learning which is still not optimal. The low interest of students in learning to write Indonesian means that students with disabilities express their ideas in written form. And supported by the results of the Mid-Semester Assessment (MSA) which is still unsatisfactory for many students. So researchers conducted research using the Direct Instruction model. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of the Direct Teaching model on writing skills in English theme 2 class V SD N 14 Koto Baru. The type of research used is Pre-Experimental Design, with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design research design. The research was conducted at SD N 14 Koto Baru. This research was conducted in the even semester (II) of the 2020/2021 academic year, the research sample was 35 class V students. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon signed rank test, a significance value of 0.000<0.05 was obtained. It can be concluded that there is an influence of the Direct Teaching model on writing skills in English theme 2 class V SD N 14 Koto Baru. Based on research, the Direct instruction model has a good influence on writing skills in English subject
Manajemen Pertahanan untuk Penanggulangan Illegal Fishing di Perairan Indonesia: Analisis Dampak dan Strategi Penanganan
No full textIndonesia, as an archipelagic nation rich in marine resources, faces a serious issue related to illegal fishing. This illegal fishing practice involves foreign vessels entering Indonesian waters without permission and violating established fishing regulations. The phenomenon of illegal fishing has been a major concern for several decades due to its detrimental impact on marine resources, ecosystems, and the livelihoods of local fishermen. The purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue of illegal fishing in Indonesia. Additionally, it aims to respond to this challenge by exploring the role and strategies of defense management in addressing illegal fishing in Indonesian waters. The method used in this research is qualitative, with data collection techniques including interviews, journals, books, and documents. The results of this study indicate that illegal fishing poses a significant threat to Indonesia's marine resources, security, and the livelihoods of coastal communities. To address this issue, cooperation between the government, communities, and relevant institutions is necessary. Firm measures such as strong law enforcement, maximum maritime surveillance, and international cooperation are crucial. The role of fishermen in collaboration with law enforcement authorities is also crucial in protecting Indonesia's waters. Defense management, including maritime surveillance and the development of stringent policies, must also be considered to protect the country's security from the threat of illegal fishing.Artikel ini membahas peran krusial manajemen pertahanan dalam menangani illegal fishing di perairan Indonesia. Illegal fishing, praktik penangkapan ikan tanpa izin, mengancam ekosistem laut, mata pencaharian masyarakat pesisir, dan stabilitas keamanan maritim negara kepulauan. Dengan wilayah perairan yang luas, penanganan illegal fishing menjadi kompleks. Manajemen pertahanan memainkan peran penting dalam melindungi keamanan negara dari ancaman ini dengan memperkuat pengawasan perairan, mengembangkan kebijakan tegas, menjalin kerjasama internasional, dan memanfaatkan kekuatan maritim. Melalui kerja sama antara pemerintah, masyarakat, dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya, illegal fishing dapat diatasi secara efektif, melindungi sumber daya laut yang berharga untuk masa depan
Sebuah Analisis Perkembangan Desain Muzzle Brake Pada SL Rifle 41
No full textThe research explores advancements in muzzle brake designs for lightweight rifle firearms, aiming to control recoil during firing. The SL Rifle 41 from World War II serves as a historical example, highlighting challenges such as gas escaping near the muzzle, rapid cooling, and piston fouling. The gas expansion difference between the barrel and piston poses operational issues. The firearm shooting process involves high-temperature, high-pressure propellant gas released through the muzzle brake, creating a complex 3D instability problem. The shockwave from the muzzle blast significantly impacts the muzzle brake surface. Modern SL Rifle designers seek to enhance projectile muzzle velocity and After-Action Gas Powder (AAPG) simultaneously, addressing recoil energy through opposing impulses. The research employs a literature review method, analyzing concepts, theories, and findings. The SL Rifle's operational mechanism uses a direct gas impingement system, offering simplicity but accumulating carbon particles. Muzzle brake models feature a primary body and baffles strategically designed for gas dispersion and recoil reduction. Detailed examination of brake muzzle/barrel material objects and established muzzle brake models illustrates engineering considerations, enhancing understanding of design and characteristics. The comprehensive design aims to optimize performance, durability, and shooting stability while minimizing wear associated with carbon buildup. In conclusion, the evolution of muzzle brake design contributes to enhanced firearm performance, ensuring smoother firing, reduced recoil, increased accuracy, and control. Ongoing advancements cater to diverse user needs in military, law enforcement, and civilian contexts, reflecting a commitment to improving firearm technology.Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi kemajuan dalam desain rem moncong untuk senjata api senapan ringan, yang bertujuan untuk mengontrol mundur selama penembakan. SL Rifle 41 dari Perang Dunia II berfungsi sebagai contoh historis, menyoroti tantangan seperti gas yang keluar di dekat moncong, pendinginan cepat, dan pengotoran piston. Perbedaan ekspansi gas antara laras dan piston menimbulkan masalah operasional. Proses penembakan senjata api melibatkan gas propelan bersuhu tinggi dan bertekanan tinggi yang dilepaskan melalui rem moncong, menciptakan masalah ketidakstabilan 3D yang kompleks. Gelombang kejut dari ledakan moncong secara signifikan berdampak pada permukaan rem moncong. Perancang SL Rifle modern berusaha untuk meningkatkan kecepatan moncong proyektil dan After-Action Gas Powder (AAPG) secara bersamaan, mengatasi energi mundur melalui impuls yang berlawanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka, menganalisis konsep, teori, dan temuan. Mekanisme operasional SL Rifle menggunakan sistem pelampiasan gas langsung, menawarkan kesederhanaan tetapi akumulas
India’s Defence Diplomacy In Peace Time To Build Defence Capabilities (Study Case: Quad)
Full text linkThis study delves into the nuanced landscape of India's defense diplomacy, emphasizing its engagement in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) as an interesting case study. QUAD serves as a platform for collaborative efforts aimed at fostering regional security and stability. Against the backdrop of geopolitical complexities and evolving global dynamics, India's peacetime defense diplomacy within QUAD unfolds as a multifaceted endeavor. This study aims to understand the diplomatic initiatives and policy frameworks used by India to strengthen its defense capabilities through strategic collaboration with QUAD partners that include joint military exercises, technology transfer, information sharing agreements and economic partnerships. This research uses qualitative research methods with a case study method to analyse India's defence diplomacy within the Quad framework. India's defense diplomacy within QUAD during peacetime has had a positive impact on its defense capabilities. Strategic alignment with broader national security objectives, technological advancements, strengthened regional security and economic resilience demonstrate the effectiveness of the QUAD framework. Nonetheless, challenges such as military asymmetry and geopolitical complexity remain, necessitating sustained efforts to enhance the effectiveness of defense diplomacy within QUAD. Sustained joint efforts and coordination of strategic objectives will be key for India to maximize its benefits and strengthen its position as a key player in the evolving Indo-Pacific security landscape
Mediating Enduring Rivalry: Prospects For Indonesian Mediation Initiatives In The India-Pakistan Kashmir Dispute
Full text linkThe enduring conflict over Kashmir between India and Pakistan remains unresolved despite several international mediation attempts. This study investigates these historical endeavors and evaluates Indonesia’s prospective role as a mediator leveraging its neutral stance and long-standing connections with both parties. A comprehensive qualitative literature review revealed that preceding mediations primarily concentrated on territorial lines, allocation of resources, and ephemeral ceasefires that temporarily eased tensions but were inadequate in addressing the underlying ideological divergences and identity issues perpetuating distrust. While frameworks such as the Indus Waters Treaty, which tackle joint technical concerns, have yielded some success in fostering collaborative arrangements, imposed resolutions have often lacked credibility due to sovereignty concerns and national rhetoric. The research findings indicate that Indonesia is posited as a potential neutral facilitator, drawing from its diplomatic accord and cultural rapport with India and Pakistan. Its non-aligned disposition, coupled with a track record of brokering peace within its region, uniquely qualifies it to sensitize dialogues and engineer technical partnerships inspired by its own experiences with autonomy accords. Although challenging, strategically implemented Indonesian-led confidence-building initiatives could gradually nurture mutual trust and cooperation. For the transformation of the Kashmir dispute to be enduring, it is recommended that a comprehensive strategy be adopted, placing a premium on reconciliation, inclusive policymaking, and the primacy of human security. Crucially, any process must incorporate localized reconciliation dialogues and bottom-up mechanisms to ensure legitimacy and resolve deep-seated grievance
Sebuah Potensi dan Tantangan Penggunaan Teknologi Penginderaan untuk Mendukung Pemberantasan Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata di Papua
No full textPapua, a resource-rich region in Indonesia, faces significant security challenges due to the presence of armed criminal groups (KKB). The eradication of KKB in this area requires advanced tools, among which sensing technology shows considerable promise. Sensing technologies, including satellites and drones, can offer precise and real-time data crucial for monitoring and responding to KKB activities. However, the effective deployment of these technologies is impeded by Papua's complex geographical terrain, extreme weather conditions, and inadequate infrastructure. This study aims to explore the potential of sensing technology in combating KKB by addressing these specific challenges and proposing strategies to optimize its use. Through a systematic literature review, the research identifies effective sensing methods and highlights the obstacles encountered in similar contexts. Findings suggest that adaptive technology development, increased resilience to weather conditions, and improvements in infrastructure are essential for maximizing the benefits of sensing technology. This research contributes to the development of effective strategies for eradicating KKB and enhancing security in Papua, emphasizing the need for coordinated efforts between government, research institutions, and the private sector to address the region's unique challenges.Papua, sebagai wilayah Indonesia yang kaya sumber daya, menghadapi tantangan serius dari kelompok kriminal bersenjata (KKB). Memerangi KKB membutuhkan strategi yang efektif, dan teknologi penginderaan muncul sebagai alat yang potensial. Namun, penerapannya di Papua dihadapkan pada sejumlah tantangan, seperti geografi yang kompleks, kondisi cuaca ekstrem, dan infrastruktur yang terbatas. Geografi yang kompleks, terutama dengan kehadiran pegunungan dan hutan belantara, menimbulkan hambatan bagi distribusi dan pengoperasian teknologi penginderaan. Kondisi cuaca ekstrem, seperti hujan lebat dan kabut tebal, dapat menghambat kinerja teknologi. Selain itu, keterbatasan infrastruktur, termasuk transportasi dan listrik, juga mempengaruhi distribusi dan pengoperasian perangkat teknologi penginderaan. Solusinya melibatkan pengembangan teknologi yang dapat beradaptasi dengan kondisi unik Papua, meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap cuaca ekstrem, dan meningkatkan infrastruktur dasar. Penggunaan drone dengan sensor canggih dapat menjadi solusi untuk pemantauan, sedangkan teknologi tahan cuaca dapat meminimalisir dampak kondisi ekstrem. Investasi dalam infrastruktur dasar, seperti transportasi dan listrik, adalah kunci untuk mendukung penerapan teknologi penginderaan. Dengan pemahaman mendalam tentang potensi dan tantangan penggunaan teknologi penginderaan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan strategi untuk memerangi KKB di Papua secara efektif, dengan kolaborasi antar pemangku kepentingan menjadi sangat penting dalam merancang solusi holistik untuk mencapai keamanan dan stabilitas di wilayah tersebut
Sebuah Pertahanan Terpadu: Menggabungkan Aspek Media Sosial, Siber dan Teknologi dalam Konteks Perang Asimetris
No full textIntegrated defense is a core component of Indonesia's defense and security strategy, designed to protect the country's sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national safety from both physical and non-physical threats, especially cyber threats. With the rapid technological advancements and the rise of social media, cyber threats have become a significant concern as they impact various aspects of national security. Indonesia's large population of internet and social media users heightens the urgency for strategic attention to cyber defense. The government has introduced various policies and regulations, such as those by the Ministry of Defense, to strengthen cyber security and integrate it into national defense mechanisms. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, analyzing literature and legal frameworks to highlight the significance of integrated defense in addressing modern, asymmetric threats. In asymmetric warfare, non-military means, including cyber-attacks, are used to weaken a nation's ideological, political, economic, and social systems. The research emphasizes the need for a comprehensive and adaptive strategy, involving collaboration between the government, private sector, and civil society, to counter these complex threats. Strengthening cyber defense through education, training, and public awareness is crucial for safeguarding Indonesia's national security in the digital age.Menghadapi kompleksitas distribusi logistik terkait bencana alam di Indonesia, negara yang secara geografis rentan terhadap berbagai jenis bencana, terutama di daerah-daerah terpencil, membutuhkan solusi yang efisien dan efektif. Salah satu solusi yang sedang dieksplorasi adalah implementasi parasut kargo sebagai alternatif distribusi logistik untuk meningkatkan ketahanan masyarakat di daerah-daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai potensi dan tantangan penggunaan parasut kargo dalam konteks distribusi logistik di Indonesia. Melalui tinjauan literatur yang dilakukan dengan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR), penelitian ini menggali informasi mengenai keuntungan, tantangan, dan implikasi praktis dari penerapan parasut kargo. Ditemukan bahwa penggunaan parasut kargo menawarkan solusi yang cepat dan responsif dalam mendistribusikan bantuan logistik di daerah-daerah terpencil, yang sering kali sulit dijangkau oleh transportasi darat konvensional. Keuntungan utama dari penggunaan parasut kargo adalah kemampuannya untuk memberikan waktu respons yang lebih cepat dalam distribusi logistik. Dalam konteks bencana alam, kecepatan sangat penting untuk memastikan bahwa bantuan tiba dengan cepat di tempat yang dibutuhkan. Parasut kargo juga dapat meningkatkan aksesibilitas bantuan, terutama di daerah-daerah terpencil yang mungkin sulit dijangkau secara konvensional. Namun, studi ini juga mengidentifikasi beberapa tantangan yang perlu diatasi. Akurasi pendaratan adalah masalah yang sangat penting, terutama dengan variabilitas cuaca, arah angin, dan topografi daerah tersebut. Selain itu, aspek keselamatan, biaya operasional, dan koordinasi di antara berbagai pemangku kepentingan merupakan tantangan yang harus diatasi untuk memastikan keberhasilan implementasi parasut kargo. Rekomendasi praktis yang muncul dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan teknologi pemantauan, pelatihan bagi personil yang terlibat dalam distribusi logistik dengan menggunakan parasut kargo, dan pengembangan Prosedur Operasi Standar (SOP) Darurat yang jelas. Teknologi pemantauan, seperti GPS, dapat membantu meningkatkan akurasi pendaratan, sementara pelatihan personel dan SOP darurat dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan keselamatan operasional