Spiru Haret University: Open Journal Systems
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IMPACT OF CLAIMS SETTLEMENT ON PROFITABILITY OF GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF SELECTED LISTED GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANIES
Full text linkThis study investigates the impact of claims settlement practices on the profitability of general insurance companies in Nigeria. The study employed an ex post facto research design with the use of twenty (20) years’ financial data from 2003 to 2022 from published annual financial reports of five (5) sampled listed non-life insurance companies carrying on insurance business in Nigeria. Hypothesizing the dependent and independent variables with the proxies ROA; and LR, ER; CR. Panel data methods were used with other supporting tests using E-views (version 10) data analysis tool. With a balanced data of 100 observation - five cross-sectional data of 20 years period, the results revealed a negative relationship between the proxies (ER, LR and CR) of the independent variable – Claims settlement practices, as they could only explain to a negligible extent, the changes that occurs in the dependent variable. Premised on the findings, it is recommended that general insurance firms settle genuine claims as prompt as possible while the maintain required underwriting standard to avoid problem of adverse selection engendering possibility of ruin
AN ANALYSIS of DEVELOPMENTS and CHALLENGES CONFRONTING PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT PRACTICE in NIGERIA
Full text linkThis paper explores factors that aided the development of personnel management practices, as well as the challenges confronting the profession in Nigeria. The study made efforts to identify factors such as how industrial revolutions impacted both the industrialized and emerging countries. The study found that despite the fact personnel management practices has passed through several challenges, the challenges can be overcome. The study concluded that with appropriate human resources development, free from political interference in public service, personnel management as a discipline in Nigeria will go from strength to strength
EXECUTIVE INTERFERENCE IN THE ADMINISTRATION of JUSTICE at the ELECTION PETITION TRIBUNALS IN NIGERIA: Myths and Realities
Full text linkThis study focuses on the interface between the executive and the judiciary in the adjudication of electoral matters in Nigeria. Nigerians have had cause to reflect on access to justice, as well as the quality of justice that is available to individuals who seek justifiable remedies in the judicial system. Evidence shows that peoples’ aspirations for justice have been constantly frustrated by maladministration, unclear perverted electoral rules, irregularities and manipulations of parties’ primaries, corruption, and so on. The current paper argues that the causes are multi-dimensional, including unnecessary heating up of the body politics, political actors and the people, the inefficiency and ineffectiveness of the election management body, government interference, and so on. This study adopted a historical cum descriptive approach to political research, using secondary sources of information. The study applied both the systems approach and the theory of separation of powers, focusing on the judiciary deciding on disputes in conformity with the separation of powers principle. The study found that the nexus, which existed in both the executive and judiciary arms, has exposed some lapses among the judges that have been characterised by irregularities and manipulations. The study concluded that, unless the judicial system, including the election petition tribunals, are reconstituted, autonomised and free from executive interference, the people will never experience justice. The study recommends that the executive arm should operate within the confines of its responsibilities and allow the judiciary to carry out its duties promptly to win over the hearts and minds of the citizenry
Bond Market Developments and Service Delivery Paradoxes in Zimbabwean Local Government Institutions
Full text linkThe creation of a functional bond market has emerged as a viable option to restore the financial vibrancy of local government institutions in Zimbabwe while, in the broad continuum, resolving the flagrant and gripping service delivery challenges encumbering the country’s local constituencies’ progress. In this regard, a qualitative desktop review was conducted. The study relied exclusively on purposively selected secondary documents. The study revealed that most local authorities in Zimbabwe are experiencing a liquidity crisis hence the development of a functional bond market will catalyse the alleviation of inflationary pressures and service delivery impasses that Zimbabwean local governments are grappling with. The study recommended that the bond market should be built on a strong foundation that includes political will and a stable currency regime to help create a conducive environment for the bond market while also mitigating the impact of the volatile political economy that currently exists in Zimbabwe.The creation of a functional bond market has emerged as a viable option to restore the financial vibrancy of local government institutions in Zimbabwe while, in the broad continuum, resolving the flagrant and gripping service delivery challenges encumbering the country’s local constituencies’ progress. In this regard, a qualitative desktop review was conducted. The study relied exclusively on purposively selected secondary documents. The study revealed that most local authorities in Zimbabwe are experiencing a liquidity crisis hence the development of a functional bond market will catalyse the alleviation of inflationary pressures and service delivery impasses that Zimbabwean local governments are grappling with. The study recommended that the bond market should be built on a strong foundation that includes political will and a stable currency regime to help create a conducive environment for the bond market while also mitigating the impact of the volatile political economy that currently exists in Zimbabwe
The Danger of Mismanaging Disposable Baby Diapers in Residential Environments: A Case Study of Dukuduku Area
Full text linkThis study discusses the danger of mismanaging disposable baby diapers (hereinafter referred to as diapers) in residential environments. The random disposal of soiled baby diapers harbours communicable diseases such as diarrhoea and typhoid which may cause the death of many young children. Disposable baby diapers are often found carelessly thrown away in many residential areas. Some components of diapers include toxic chemicals which are dangerous because they may kill micro-organisms, plants and animals which consume them. Some also clog the soil causing water loss through run-off, floods and destruction in gardens and fields. The purpose of this study is to raise awareness about the hazards associated with the careless disposal of used diapers. It also seeks to understand how individuals dispose of used diapers in rural villages. A qualitative research design was embraced. Data was gathered through observation and interviews with nappy users (mothers and nannies). The results show that rural villages lack designated disposal areas where people may dispose of their used diapers, so they discard them away whenever it is most convenient for them. The report recommends that the national government develop policies that encourage the manufacture of recyclable, non-toxic and/ or biodegradable diapers. It further recommends that local municipalities could use by-laws to enforce and monitor manufacturing compliance
O propunere de praf de rocă, fixare biologică a azotului și cooperative bazate pe comunități de practică pentru a reduce dependența de îngrășăminte chimice în Myanmar
No full textThe defense mechanism against the Coup in Myanmar, hampered the functioning of most private and public activities and the relationships between distance and price dispersion have increased. The isolated small farmers depend on biodynamic agriculture practices through cooperatives and soil remineralizers, such as rock dust, to improve the productivity of natural resources systems.
Through a study of the rice culture in Myanmar, the article suggests the creation of an institutional environment that supports voluntary forms of cooperatives, developing a culture of independence, self-help and self-governance.
As the main contribution this article presents two models: the Culture-Knowledge-Intelligence ( CKI model) and the biodynamic agriculture model based on cultural change, agricultural cooperatives and the remineralizer rock dust to cope with climate change and the various barriers caused by armed conflicts that Myanmar is facing after the military coup, strongly supported by China and Russia.
This model is based on Knowledge Management -KM (knowledge creation) and Organizational Intelligence -OI (knowledge application), in particular communities of Practice (KM) and Expert Analysis (OI).
The main conclusion is that Myanmar should strengthen ties with India, Laos and Thailand in the area of agriculture, including research about rock dust.
Key words: biodynamic agriculture, cooperatives, fixation of nitrogen, knowledge management, Myanmar, organizational intelligence, rice, rock dust,
GUERILLA TACTICS, ENTREPRENEURSHIP and ANCIENT HISTORY: : The Real story behind economic marginalisation and Zama-Zamas
Full text linkPurpose
To uncover the real story behind zama-zamas and the entrepreneurs behind their work: A Tale of Sustained Exploitation
Context
Limpopo villages are ensconced by 108 mining sector that contributes 72% to GDP by 2021 estimates totalling annual revenue of R237, 7 billion. Yet, poverty is almost 77% and the villages have to bear the brunt of devastation on their socio-ecological space which put them at considerable economic risk given that rehabilitation of disused mines is poorly handled at government level plus communities use the dwindling land for agricultural and pastoral purposes which means the impact of mining operations affect the livelihoods of neighbouring villages who benefit very little from mines. These are the breeding grounds for zama-zamas who are exposed to real exploitation because they have no access to the legal market.
Research Methodology
To uncover the real story of zama-zamas, there is a need to take a historical perspective, do Desktop research and conduct semi-structured interviews with select numbers of zama-zamas and members of the local communities where mining occurs.
Findings
The mining sector in Africa is ancient and begins in the 15th century when the Portuguese colonisers discovered gold on the coast of modern-day Ghana while in South Africa it started in 1867 when diamond was found on the banks of Orange River.
Most zama-zamas are driven by desperation and live in chronic poverty despite the fact that this illicit mining sector is making R14 billion in the legal market.
3. Zama-zamas have to negotiate the dark side of a nefarious mineral cabal that benefits the very ava
Benefits and Challenges to Implement Public-Private Partnerships in Water Infrastructure Development in Zimbabwe
Full text linkThe rationale of the study was built on the water infrastructure challenges in Zimbabwe and the challenges in government policies and capacity that demand the participation of public private partnerships (PPPs) in the development of water infrastructure in Zimbabwe. The study adopted the qualitative research approach, and the information is compiled through literature review. Through conceptual and document analysis of information, the study also recognised that there are challenges in the existing PPP arrangements in Zimbabwe that require improvement for their absolute contribution to the management of water resources in the country. The data generated by this study were used to understand the complexities and contestations in Zimbabwe and enrich the body of knowledge and literature about water-related PPPs. Effective PPPs for improved urban water infrastructure cannot be achieved by chance. Effective PPPs require deliberate efforts and comprehensive reforms. The study, therefore, posits that with an environment conducive to operating PPPs, in addition to proper planning and meticulous implementation, Zimbabwe has a high chance of successfully implementing such partnerships for improved urban water infrastructure. The rationale of the study was built on the water infrastructure challenges in Zimbabwe and the challenges in government policies and capacity that demand the participation of public private partnerships (PPPs) in the development of water infrastructure in Zimbabwe. The study adopted the qualitative research approach, and the information is compiled through literature review. Through conceptual and document analysis of information, the study also recognised that there are challenges in the existing PPP arrangements in Zimbabwe that require improvement for their absolute contribution to the management of water resources in the country. The data generated by this study were used to understand the complexities and contestations in Zimbabwe and enrich the body of knowledge and literature about water-related PPPs. Effective PPPs for improved urban water infrastructure cannot be achieved by chance. Effective PPPs require deliberate efforts and comprehensive reforms. The study, therefore, posits that with an environment conducive to operating PPPs, in addition to proper planning and meticulous implementation, Zimbabwe has a high chance of successfully implementing such partnerships for improved urban water infrastructure.  
The impact of leadership styles on the social responsibility of industrial companies in Romania
Full text linkThis study aimed to examine the impact of leadership styles on the social responsibility of industrial companies in Romani. To achieve this objectives the study used descriptive analytical approach through develop questionnaire to collect data from the sample which consists (357) managers who work in industrial companies in Romani. A total of (340) suitable questionnaire were retrieved for statistical analysis, the study used Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS. 25) to analyses the collecting data and test the hypothesis. The study results showed that, there is impact of Authoritative leadership on social responsibility of industrial companies in Romania, there is impact of Democratic leadership on social responsibility of industrial companies in Romania, there is impact of Facilitative leadership on social responsibility of industrial companies in Romania, and there is no impact of Situational leadership on social responsibility of industrial companies in Romania. In light of these findings the study recommended the need to pay attention to the quality of leaders who are appointed in industrial companies in Romania due to the clear impact of the quality of leadership at the level of social responsibility practices of companies.
 
The Effect of Transformational Leadership Style on the Sustainable Performance of manufacturing Industry in Iraq: The mediating role of Social Responsibility
Full text linkThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of social responsibility on the relationship between transformational leadership Style and the sustainable performance of manufacturing industry in Iraq. To achieve this objectives the study used descriptive analytical approach through develop questionnaire to collect data from the sample which consists (357) managers who work in manufacturing industry in Iraq. A total of (340) suitable questionnaire were retrieved for statistical analysis, the study used Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS. 25) and Structure Equation Model (SEM) to analyses the collecting data and test the hypothesis. The study results showed that, there is impact of transformational leadership Style on the sustainable performance of manufacturing industry in Iraq, there is impact of transformational leadership Style on the social responsibility of manufacturing industry in Iraq, there is impact of social responsibility on the sustainable performance of manufacturing industry in Iraq, and there is mediating role of social responsibility on the relationship between transformational leadership Style and the sustainable performance of manufacturing industry in Iraq. In light of these findings the study recommended that In order to be more general, the next research has to involve obtaining data from other organizations in another sector in Iraq.