Spiru Haret University: Open Journal Systems
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EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCES OF SME’S LISTED IN THE BIST SME INDUSTRIAL INDEX BY USING TOPSIS MULTICRITERIA DECISION MAKING METHOD
Full text linkIn this study, the financial performances of SMEs listed in the BIST SME Industrial Index are evaluated by using TOPSIS multicriteria decision-making method. The data of the study acquired from annual financial statements that reported between the 2016-2018 period. Financial performance ranks of SMEs are determined for each year and thus comparative financial performances of SMEs are detected.BIST SME Industrial Index is an index that includes stocks of industrial SMEs traded in BIST Stars, BIST Main, and BIST Emerging Companies markets. SMEs have great importance for the Turkish economy, with their dynamizing roles and with their crucial roles in regional development and job creation. According to the Turkey Statistical Institute data, Turkish SMEs constitute 99.8 % of all enterprises in Turkey. At the same time, Turkish SMEs provide 72.7% of total employment, 62% of total sales, and 58% of the total investments of the Turkish Economy.Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is one of the multicriteria decision-making methods that commonly used in the evaluation of financial performances of firms. The TOPSIS method is based on two main points: the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution. With the help of the TOPSIS method, the distances positive ideal solutions and negative ideal solutions of all options are calculated. Options are ranked according to their proximity to the positive ideal solution and their distance to the negative ideal solution.
Inflation volatility as a phenomenon monetary-fiscal combination in Indonesia
Full text linkInflation is generally seen as a monetary phenomenon whose effective control is through the management of the money supply, interest rates, and exchange rates. Another opinion views inflation as a fiscal phenomenon that is controlled through the effectiveness of tax revenues and state expenditures and avoiding a budget deficit that triggers an increase in government external debt. This study aims to examine and analyze the volatility of inflation as a phenomenon monetary-fiscal combination in Indonesia. The analysis was carried out descriptively and quantitatively through the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model using secondary time series data from the 1st quarter of 2009 to the 2nd quarter of 2020. The results showed the dominance of the positive influence of interest rates from the monetary side and foreign debt from the fiscal side, as well as the ineffective role of tax revenue in reducing inflation in Indonesia. Bank Indonesia needs to streamline policies related to interest rate management in regulating the money supply. The government needs to make efforts to increase the effectiveness of tax revenues and state spending to minimize its foreign debt
Business Environment and Start-Up in Indonesia:Empirical Evidence from Province-level Data
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to analyze the Effect of the Business Environment on Start-up in Indonesia. This study specifically examines the effect of Gross Regional Domestic Product, Per Capita Expenditure, Unemployment Rate, Total Population, Computer Users and Individual Internet Users which are used as business environment indicators on the existence of startup businesses in 17 Indonesian Provinces during the 2013-2018 period using panel data regression analysis tools to prove that GRDP, Total Population, Computer Users and Internet Users have a positive and significant effect on the existence of start-up businesses in Indonesia. Meanwhile, expenditure per capita and the unemployment rate have a negative effect on the existence of start-up businesses in Indonesi
Indicators of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Attitudes for Entrepreneurs of Slovenia and Croatia, in 2018/2019
Full text linkAbstract. Following the theoretical presentation of entrepreneurship, that is, the determinants that determine the success of entrepreneurial ventures extracted from various scientific studies and research, the paper defines through research the indicators of entrepreneurial behavior and attitudes using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2018/2019 Global Report database. Using the methods of comparison, induction and deduction, an analysis of indicators of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Attitudes for Slovenia and Croatia was conducted.
FOREWORD
Full text linkWhat is needed to create a more sustainable world for us and for future generations? This is a question araised more often than ten years ago, just because of the concern about humankind's future is blurry, environmental issues become an urgency due to the visible consequences: floods, bushfires without precedent like recent Australian tragedy. The population and governments can no longer ignore these signs and immediate actions are required.The United Nations Sustainable Goals (SDGs) lay out how to eradicate poverty, advance environmental sustainability and provide decent housing, clean water and health care and education to those disadvantaged ones. All UN member states committed to take appropriate measures to make SDGs achievable as soon as possible. However, all beautiful ideals need finance to become a reality. UN estimates about 445 billion between 2007 to 2030 to support the transition to a low-carbon sustainable economy. The general public is asking businesses to take sustainability always into consideration in all their decisions. In one study, 81 percent of Millenials said companies must have a major role in driving SDGs[1]. Also, growing evidence shows a correlation between sustainability practices and better financial performance, higher productivity and lower risks[2]. It seems if businesses can deliver profitability, shareholder return than they could support the SDs most relevant to their businesses. Simple as that.[1] https://www.goldstandard.org/sites/default/files/documents/sdg_report_optimized.pdf[2] https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/articles/the-esg-advantage-exploring-links-to-corporate-financial-performanc
Implementing Regulation regarding Minority Rights in Romania Special Overview of the Legal Frame of Romanian Law and Constitution
Full text linkThe general concept of non-territorial autonomy is analyzed in the specialized doctrine from various perspectives - considered, in fact, as its attributes – such as, cultural, linguistic, educational, traditional and religious perspectives- all considering the identity of the minority group that lives in a majority community.The present paper, part of a larger research, proposes, on the one hand, an analysis of the legal framework regarding non-territorial autonomy in Romania - from the perspective of the regulations regarding the establishment, organization and functioning of the authorities with their role in the elections and the administrative structures at a local level and, whilst considering the role played by the minority groups in this framework. According to the recently adopted New Administrative Code with big impact on minorities’ lives, another purpose of this research is to track how they are applied to the provisions on the linguistic rights of the national minorities included in Local Public Administrative Regulation. The objectives of this research will be, to use the data obtained in national reports and secondly, to making recommendations on the most efficient way in which the legislative norms regarding the protection of minorities can be applied, focusing on costs, human and financial resource
Circular Economy can Provide a Sustainable Global Society
Full text linkSince start of the Industrial Revolution about 260 years ago, the negative effects from the traditional linear economy (LE) become threat to the stability of the economies and natural ecosystems. Strength of climate change, reduction of environment pollution and integrity of ecosystems are essential issues for survival of the global humanity. According to LE resources for production are easily available and unlimited, and after use wastes are disposable. The circular economy (CE) is an alternative to the LE where the resources may be used for as long as possible. It tries to capture the value of existing products and materials, and decreases the use of primary materials in industries. The CE is a part of environmental economics and beneficial to the society. It keeps products, components, and materials at their highest utility and maximum value at all times. At present CE is one of the most focused terms among environmental economic scientists. The aim of this study is the implementation of the sustainable development strategies and the transition from LE towards CE
Combining the characteristics of sustainability, frugal innovations and washing machines in the industrial nations – A literature-based analysis of the common features for future sustainable developments
Full text linkSustainability is an internationally discussed topic in the development of products and services. Frugal innovations aim to conserve resources in the manufacture and use of such products and services. It can therefore be assumed that the areas of sustainability and frugal innovation overlap. This work is intended to show the connection between sustainability, frugal innovations and household appliances in the form of washing machines in industrialized countries. For the analysis, the characteristics of frugal innovations are compared with the requirements of washing machines in industrial nations and then the parallels to the social development goals (SDG) are determined as characteristics for sustainability. The existing literature will be reviewed for evaluation. The aim of the work is to show the connection and give an indication of the sustainable development of an everyday product as a frugal innovation in the industrialized countries
The Effect of Progressive Tax, Number of Vehicles and Tax Arrears on Revenue Transfer of Motor Vehicle Title Fee in South Sumatra Province
Full text linkAbstract. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Effect of Progressive Taxes. Number of Vehicles and Tax Arrears on Revenue Transfer Fees for Motorized Vehicles at UPT Regional Revenue Agency of South Sumatra Province. In this writing the type of data used is panel data. The sample in this study was 16 District / City UPTs for 2017 - 2018. The analysis technique used was Ordinary Least Squared (OLS) using the Eviews 8. The estimation results of the regression equation showed that simultaneously progressive taxes, the number of vehicles and arrears had a positive effect and significant to the acceptance of Transfer of Motor Vehicle Title Fee, which can be seen from the probability value F of 0.000000 <0.05 (α = 5%).
EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT IN ETHIOPIA
Full text linkCurrently climate change is known as the major environmental problem the world face. Its effect is openly reduces agricultural output in particular and economic growth in general. The aim of the study was to examine the long run and short run effect of climate change on agricultural output in Ethiopia over a period of 1980-2016. The ARDL approach to co integration was applied to examine the long run and short run effect of climate change on agricultural output. ADF test was used for Unit root test. The finding of bound test shows that there is stable long run relationship between RAGDP, labour force, Mean annual rainfall, Average temperature, agriculture land, and fertilizer input import. The estimated long run model reveals that climate changes have an important effect on agricultural output which is the main contributor of overall GDP of the country. The coefficient of error correction term is -0.738 suggesting about 73.8% percent annual adjustment towards long run equilibrium. The estimate coefficients of short run show that mean annual rainfall have significant effect but average temperature is insignificant effect on output. In the long run both main variable of interest have significant effect on agricultural output with a positive effect from mean annual rainfall and negative effect from average temperature. To reduce the effect of climate change the study recommends government and stakeholders needs to create a specific policies to reduce the effect of climate change especially focus on technological innovation that avert effect of increase in temperature that would result increase on the output and adopting technology at macro and micro level..