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Women’s Land Rights in Ethiopia: Supporting land degradation neutrality
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Emerging evidence and growing global consensus in policy and advocacy spaces increasingly link secure and gender-equitable land tenure rights to more effective, just, and efficient action to address the urgent desertification, land degradation, and drought (DLDD) crisis. However, both women’s rights to land and efforts to combat DLDD are complex, requiring both conceptual and practical integration. This submission provides an overview of the conceptual links, detailing available evidence on the relationship between women’s land tenure security and land restoration initiatives that aim for land degradation neutrality (LDN). LDN means maintaining a stable or increasing amount and quality of land resources necessary to support ecosystem services and food security. It is the overarching aim of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. Ethiopia is provided as a detailed country case study to provide a practical national-level example for how strengthening women’s land rights can and should be integrated into efforts to support LDN. The paper closes by providing recommendations applicable to the Ethiopian context and beyond to guide duty-bearers and practitioners around the globe in their efforts to leverage women’s land rights as a means to support LDN.
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She Inherits, She Sells: Community-based theatre to strengthen women’s land rights and entrepreneurship
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Women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have the lowest rates of land ownership and workforce participation despite increased educational attainment. Sociocultural norms are often cited as the cause. Using the Theatre of the Oppressed methodology, we conducted action research to address harmful norms around women’s inheritance, mobility, sexual harassment, and control over income. Participants were asked to resolve these issues during performances. The plays were performed between February and April 2024, and phone evaluations were collected between February and June 2024. Our play, She Inherits, She Sells, with the motto ‘anyone can act’, was showcased in two Moroccan regions: Fes-Meknes (four villages) and Souss-Massa (five villages). We analysed transcripts of the nine plays and discussions along with hour-long phone interviews (with 189 women and 53 men) to assess whether the plays led to new learnings, changes in thinking, and if participants felt their voices were heard. Findings reveal young women had the most positive experiences: they expressed their opinions more freely, felt entitled to their inheritance, demanded control over their income, and felt confident about reporting sexual harassment. Young men were proactive in addressing violence against women but less so regarding land rights. Conversely, older women felt that asking for inheritance from their brothers and moving without male protection were taboo, and they were less comfortable expressing their opinions during the plays. We recommend increasing the use of such arts-based awareness-raising interventions, especially with youth, as a promising route for social change.
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Climate Financing, Institutional Structure, and Budget Tracing in Ethiopia
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This paper identifies the current situation and future trends of climate financing, institutional capacity, and budget tracing in Ethiopia. It seeks to inform Oxfam, partners, and all other stakeholders in the discussion for evidence-based decisions and actions to ensure meaningful and informed participation of citizens in social and financial accountability of climate financing at both national and local levels.
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Africa’s Inequality Crisis and the Rise of the Super-Rich
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Africa is facing a double inequality crisis: extreme inequality alongside weak commitment among its governments to fight it. But there is hope. The African Union has urged member states to reduce inequality by 15% in the coming decade and has identified progressive taxation as a key tool to do so.  The challenge, though, is the “how” – to achieve this target. Most African countries are not fully leveraging progressive taxation to effectively tax the super-rich and address inequality. The reasons for this are many, including the regressive policies peddled by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the corrosive impact of illicit financial flows, and the lack of political will to confront inequality.  
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Towards Gender-Transformative Action on Super Pollutants
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The guidance document, Towards Gender-Transformative Action on Super Pollutants, produced in partnership with Oxfam America, identifies gender-differentiated impacts of super pollutants by sector - from gender-related exposure, vulnerability, resources, and decision-making capacity. It shows how women and marginalized groups are disproportionately affected by these pollutants, facing greater health risks, care burdens, and exclusion from decision-making, while also playing vital roles in frontline solutions.
Moving from how the six sectors tend to be organized today, the guidance provides policy-relevant analysis on reshaping sectors based on deeper analysis of gendered considerations and greater participation of women, in particular from low-income and marginalized groups.
Taken together, these point to recommendations which policymakers and civil society can apply towards promoting gender-sensitive and gender-transformative change, alongside sector specific recommendations to be integrated into super pollutant reduction projects on the ground.
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Sites of transformation: queer and feminist leadership in Kenya’s social justice movements
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This essay seeks to explore the role of queer and feminist leadership in transforming Kenya’s social justice movements. It examines how Gen Z leaders confront structural barriers and navigate tensions within their movements while advocating for systemic change in broader society; exploring how activists navigate power, identity, and systemic oppression in their pursuit of social justice. Additionally, it touches upon how digital activism serves as spaces for visibility, solidarity, and mobilisation, while also being sites of threat and violence. Grounded in the author's personal lived experiences navigating queer identities within various movements and that of two other activists, this essay situates queer and feminist leadership within decolonial and intersectional theories.
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Challenging the status quo: feminist leadership and political transformation in Brazil
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Since 2020, A Tenda das Candidatas has trained feminist leaders to take on positions of power and run for office in Brazilian politics. Over the past four years, the organisation has trained over 300 women, primarily Black women and LGBTQIA+, creating a national network of feminist women in politics, A Tenda Network. This article argues that these politically trained feminist leaders, who organise themselves in solidarity networks, challenge the traditional, white, and masculinist ways of doing politics, ultimately transforming the political landscape. Their presence as active leaders, questioning their political parties and the gender and racial inequalities they perpetuate, exposes the inefficiencies and inequalities ingrained in centuries of traditional politics. To explore this transformation, the article examines in-depth interviews with feminist leaders who have participated in A Tenda’s training programmes and are running for office in the 2024 Brazilian municipal elections, as well as quantitative data from previous training programmes and data from the Superior Electoral Court (TSE). From the perspective of Oxfam’s Transformative Leadership for Women’s Rights (TLWR), the research aims to understand how these training programmes have shifted their political practices, strengthened them as feminist leaders, and contributed to building a more equitable and inclusive political future in Brazil.
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Unpacking feminist transformative leadership from the global South. Experiences from marginalised groups in Argentina
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This article analyses the political trajectories of marginalised groups in Argentina, including young women, women with disabilities, Afro-descendant women, Indigenous women, women from the LBTIQ+ community and women from low-income communities. It has a twofold objective: to illuminate the distinct challenges these women face, and to explore the strategies and tools they utilise to navigate the political landscape. The article will delve into both traditional but under-explored barriers – such as infrastructure limitations and the burden of care work – and new challenges, including mental health struggles and digital violence. Furthermore, the article examines the synergies and tensions between these women’s activism in social movements and their engagement in formal politics, as well as their interactions with feminist movements. In doing so, it highlights the transformative potential of these groups for feminist leadership and the democratic system based on their skills and abilities, particularly in a context defined by an ultra-conservative government that criminalises protest. This study seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the intersectional obstacles these women and groups face and the broader implications for social justice and political participation.
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Beyond Rhetoric: Feminist leadership for a transformative Women, Peace and Security agenda at 25- Case studies from Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Occupied Palestinian Territory and South Sudan
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Twenty-five years after the United Nations adopted Resolution 1325, the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda is both a landmark in diplomacy and a study in unfulfilled promise. Its most profound achievement has been to force open a conversation about the gendered power structures that fuel conflict. But that opening is narrowing. Escalating wars, a backlash against gender justice and a collapse in funding now threaten to strip the agenda of its transformative edge. The WPS agenda remains an essential tool for women peacebuilders. Whether it survives as a force for justice depends on whether the global community backs its principles with the resources and political will to make them real. Without that, the resolution’s 25th anniversary will mark the start of its decline, not its maturity.
This report – published jointly by Oxfam and Researchers Without Borders – draws on extensive, first-hand evidence from four countries where feminist actors work against staggering odds: Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Occupied Palestinian Territory and South Sudan.
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Multinationales et inégalités multiples : Pourquoi il est urgent d’entrer dans une nouvelle ère d’action publique dans un monde divisé par le pouvoir des multinationales
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Since 2020, the richest five men in the world have doubled their fortunes. During the same period, almost five billion people globally have become poorer. Hardship and hunger are a daily reality for many people worldwide. At current rates, it will take 230 years to end poverty, but we could have our first trillionaire in 10 years. 
This report shows how a huge concentration of global corporate and monopoly power is exacerbating inequality economy-wide. Seven out of ten of the world’s biggest corporates have either a billionaire CEO or a billionaire as their principal shareholder. Through squeezing workers, dodging tax, privatizing the state and spurring climate breakdown, corporations are driving inequality and acting in the service of delivering ever-greater wealth to their rich owners. To end extreme inequality, governments must radically redistribute the power of billionaires and corporations back to ordinary people. A more equal world is possible if governments effectively regulate and reimagine the private sector.Depuis 2020, les cinq hommes les plus riches du monde ont doublé leur fortune. Au cours de la même période, près de cinq milliards de personnes se sont appauvries. Les conditions de vie difficiles et la faim sont une réalité quotidienne pour de nombreuses personnes à travers le monde. Au rythme actuel, il faudra 230 ans pour mettre fin à la pauvreté, alors que nous pourrions voir pour la première fois la fortune d'un multimilliardaire franchir le cap des 1 000 milliards de dollars dans dix ans.
L’énorme concentration du pouvoir des grandes entreprises et des monopoles à l’échelle mondiale exacerbe les inégalités à tous les niveaux de l’économie. Sept des dix plus grandes entreprises mondiales ont un PDG milliardaire ou un milliardaire comme actionnaire principal. En faisant peser la pression sur les travailleurs et les travailleuses, en évitant l’impôt, en privatisant l’État et en participant grandement au réchauffement climatique, les grandes entreprises creusent les inégalités et contribuent à gonfler toujours plus la fortune de leurs riches propriétaires. Pour mettre fin à ces inégalités extrêmes, les gouvernements doivent impérativement redistribuer le pouvoir des milliardaires et des grandes entreprises aux citoyen·nes ordinaires. Un monde plus égalitaire est possible si les gouvernements réglementent et réorganisent efficacement le secteur privé. </p