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La dissidence surréaliste et la dialectique: Breton, Bataille, Char
No full textThe article aims to highlight some criticisms directed at Surrealism by writers who, having been part of the movement for a period, were either expelled or distanced themselves from it, such as Bataille and Char. Although from different perspectives, these criticisms focus on the dialectical mechanism underlying Surrealism, which led the Bretonian avant-garde to crucial impasses. After outlining the alternative paths taken by the two writers, the article brings to light, through a reading of Alain Badiou, a little-known antidialectical trajectory in Breton’s work.The article aims to highlight some criticisms directed at Surrealism by writers who, having been part of the movement for a period, were either expelled or distanced themselves from it, such as Bataille and Char. Although from different perspectives, these criticisms focus on the dialectical mechanism underlying Surrealism, which led the Bretonian avant-garde to crucial impasses. After outlining the alternative paths taken by the two writers, the article brings to light, through a reading of Alain Badiou, a little-known antidialectical trajectory in Breton’s work.The article aims to highlight some criticisms directed at Surrealism by writers who, having been part of the movement for a period, were either expelled or distanced themselves from it, such as Bataille and Char. Although from different perspectives, these criticisms focus on the dialectical mechanism underlying Surrealism, which led the Bretonian avant-garde to crucial impasses. After outlining the alternative paths taken by the two writers, the article brings to light, through a reading of Alain Badiou, a little-known antidialectical trajectory in Breton’s work
Michel Foucault, « Dits et écrits » sur le surréalisme
No full textThrough a transversal reading of Michel Foucault’s corpus, this article investigates the marginal, yet meaningful role played by Surrealism in his reflections on modern writing practices. By contextualizing and comparing the various remarks made by the philosopher over several decades, it brings to light an ambivalent dialogue with André Breton and the movement he led.Through a transversal reading of Michel Foucault’s corpus, this article investigates the marginal, yet meaningful role played by Surrealism in his reflections on modern writing practices. By contextualizing and comparing the various remarks made by the philosopher over several decades, it brings to light an ambivalent dialogue with André Breton and the movement he led.Through a transversal reading of Michel Foucault’s corpus, this article investigates the marginal, yet meaningful role played by Surrealism in his reflections on modern writing practices. By contextualizing and comparing the various remarks made by the philosopher over several decades, it brings to light an ambivalent dialogue with André Breton and the movement he led
“The land of Magritte”: The Surrealist Event in Francophone Belgium
No full textThe main goal of this paper is to delve into Belgium’s imaginary from a historical perspective to better understand how Belgium’s pictorial heritage nurtured a cultural imagotype on the one hand and consequently laid ground for surrealism to happen on the other. By focusing on imagotypes the research will tackle both sociological and aesthetical issues, showing how they participate to the collective adhesion of an imaginary often confounded with a cultural identity.The main goal of this paper is to delve into Belgium’s imaginary from a historical perspective to better understand how Belgium’s pictorial heritage nurtured a cultural imagotype on the one hand and consequently laid ground for surrealism to happen on the other. By focusing on imagotypes the research will tackle both sociological and aesthetical issues, showing how they participate to the collective adhesion of an imaginary often confounded with a cultural identity.The main goal of this paper is to delve into Belgium’s imaginary from a historical perspective to better understand how Belgium’s pictorial heritage nurtured a cultural imagotype on the one hand and consequently laid ground for surrealism to happen on the other. By focusing on imagotypes the research will tackle both sociological and aesthetical issues, showing how they participate to the collective adhesion of an imaginary often confounded with a cultural identity
Impatto della Tachicardia Parossistica Sopraventricolare sulla Qualità di vita: uno studio osservazionale.
No full textINTRODUZIONE
La Tachicardia Parossistica Sopraventricolare (TPSV) è un'aritmia comune che può verificarsi a qualsiasi età. All'elettrocardiogramma si presenta come una tachiaritmia QRS stretta con una frequenza cardiaca superiore a 120 battiti al minuto. Segni e sintomi includono palpitazioni, vertigini, dolore toracico e altri. Lo scopo dello studio è quello di valutare la qualità della vita (QoL) nelle persone con TPSV.
MATERIALI E METODI
Nel periodo compreso tra febbraio e luglio 2024 è stato condotto uno studio osservazionale su un campione di 202 pazienti con TPSV. Sono state utilizzate le scale UMEA22 (U22) ed il Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Healthy Survey 36 (SF-36).
Le analisi statistiche sono state condotte con Jamovi®. Le correlazioni tra le variabili sono state esaminate con il coefficiente r di Pearson e l'ANOVA di Welch, con il test post-hoc di Games-Howell, è stato utilizzato per il confronto dei gruppi, con un livello di significatività alfa = 0,05.
RISULTATI
Con la scala U22, i pazienti hanno riportato un punteggio medio di 7,95 punti per la salute generale e di 8,65 per l'impatto dei sintomi sul benessere psicofisico. La scala SF-36 ha punteggi medi di 85,0 per la salute fisica e 73,3 per la salute mentale. Sono emerse differenze significative tra maschi e femmine. L'attività fisica è associata a una salute mentale e fisica superiore. L'ablazione è stata significativamente associata a un miglioramento della salute fisica e mentale.
CONCLUSIONE
Lo studio ha fornito importanti informazioni su come le variabili sociodemografiche e comportamentali po la qualità della vita dei pazienti. Sono emerse differenze significative legate al genere, all'età e all'occupazione. Interventi personalizzati che tengono conto delle differenze di genere, età, stato socioeconomico e livelli di attività fisica potrebbero migliorare significativamente il benessere del paziente
Gli infortuni degli studenti del Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica nella regione Marche: uno studio osservazionale dal 2011 al 2024 presso la sede di Pesaro dell’Università Politecnica delle Marche.
No full textINTRODUCTION:
In clinical practice in Italy, more than 130,000 accidents occur annually, 40-50% of which are biological in nature. Nurses, including nursing students, are the most affected group; the latter, in particular, have a higher risk of injury than registered professionals. The primary objective of the study is to quantify and stratify injuries caused by exposure to biological agents in nursing care from the 2011/2012 to 2023/2024 academic years. The secondary objective is to identify the contexts and procedures with the greatest exposure to risk.
METHODS:
A retrospective study conducted on a non-probabilistic population of 2,538 nursing students at a university in central Italy, from 2011 to 2024. Data on the type and number of occupational biological incidents were extracted from an electronic registry and collected in an anonymous database. The incidence of biological injuries is broken down by type: contact with biological fluid, needlestick/sharp instrument puncture, and other.
RESULTS:
During the observation period, 173 (7%) biological injuries were reported, 91 (53%) were due to needle or sharp objects, 79 (46%) to contact with biological fluids, and 3 (1%) to other causes. No differences were found in the incidence and type of injuries depending on the academic year or year of study (first, second, or third year). Most injuries occurred in surgical, emergency department, and medical settings.
CONCLUSIONS:
The study highlighted the importance of training and health surveillance to reduce biological injuries. It is necessary to implement preclinical laboratories aimed at practical safety training and constantly monitor injury trends to identify critical areas requiring intervention.INTRODUZIONE
nella pratica clinica in Italia si verificano più di 130.000 casi di infortunio/anno e il 40-50% di essi sono di natura biologica. La categoria più colpita è quella degli infermieri, compresi gli studenti di infermieristica; questi ultimi in particolare hanno un rischio di incidenza più elevato rispetto ai professionisti iscritti all’albo. L’obiettivo primario dello studio è di quantificare e stratificare gli infortuni causati da esposizione ad agenti biologici dell'assistenza infermieristica dall'a.a. 2011/2012 al 2023/2024. L’obiettivo secondario è individuare i contesti e le procedure con maggiore esposizione al rischio.
MATERIALI E METODI
studio retrospettivo condotto su una popolazione non probabilistica di 2538 studenti infermieri di un'università dell'Italia centrale, dal 2011 al 2024. I dati sulla tipologia e sul numero di incidenti biologici professionali sono stati estrapolati da un registro elettronico e raccolti in un database anonimo. L'incidenza delle lesioni biologiche è divisa per tipologia: contatto con fluido biologico, puntura con ago/tagliente, altro.
RISULTATI
nel periodo di osservazione sono state notificate 173 (7%) lesioni biologiche, 91 (53%) sono state dovute ad ago o tagliente, 79 (46%) al contatto con fluido biologico e 3 (1%) ad altre cause. Non è stata riscontrata alcuna differenza nell'incidenza e nella tipologia degli infortuni a seconda dell'anno accademico o dell'anno di corso (primo, secondo, terzo anno). La maggior parte degli infortuni si è verificata in ambienti chirurgici, DEA e medici.
CONCLUSIONI
Lo studio ha evidenziato l’importanza della formazione e della sorveglianza sanitaria per ridurre gli infortuni biologici. È necessario implementare laboratori pre-clinici finalizzati alla formazione pratica in sicurezza e monitorare costantemente l’andamento degli infortuni per individuare le aree critiche su cui intervenire
Strategie di flood management a Jakarta: rischi ed opportunità
No full textDalla sua fondazione, la città indonesiana di Jakarta ha vissuto un’ampia crescita demografica, raggiungendo circa trenta milioni di abitanti. Tuttavia, questa crescita ha impattato fortemente l'ambiente naturale, in particolare sul suo sistema idrologico. Questo studio esamina come l’urbanizzazione della città abbia portando questo sistema al collasso, minacciando le comunità più povere. Fenomeni come lo sfruttamento delle falde acquifere, l’impermeabilizzazione delle aree di ricarica e la cementificazione, sono responsabili degli eventi esondativi periodici, aggravati dalla crescente imprevedibilità delle precipitazioni. Il lavoro osserva i meccanismi della popolazione ed i progetti istituzionali messi in atto, con lo scopo di comprenderne gli sviluppi futuri
War commemoration as an (Anti-)European radical past
No full textThe article War commemoration as an (Anti-)European radical past explores how digital media and political narratives have transformed war commemoration, focusing on the interplay of memory, power, and media in shaping public perceptions of history. Hedwig Wagner applies Michel Foucault’s concept of the dispositive to war commemoration, emphasizing how digital platforms, like social media, act as tools for shaping collective memory and public discourse. The article critically addresses how modern political figures, particularly Vladimir Putin, misuse historical memory, like that of World War II, to justify the current war. This article tackles with German quality journalism, particularly in outlets like Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ), Die Zeit, and Der Spiegel, offering a counter-discourse, opposing revisionist history and emphasizing a European memory culture aimed at combating such manipulations. The section "Radical Past," examines how the digital age has fundamentally altered our relationship with historical memory, particularly through the concept of the "radical past" proposed by Ford and Hoskins (2022). The immediacy and participatory nature of digital platforms create a constant recontextualization of the past, where historical events like World War II are invoked in contemporary conflicts, such as Russia’s war against Ukraine. In the conclusion, it is emphasized that war commemoration in the digital era operates as a Foucauldian dispositive, a complex system where power, memory, and media intersect, shaping both public discourse and individual perceptions of history.
Keywords: Russo-Ukrainian war; historical narratives; radical past (Ford and Hoskins, 2022); European memory culture; Foucauldian dispositive; German online journalismL'article « War commemoration as an (Anti-)European radical past » (La commémoration de la guerre comme passé radical (anti-)européen) explore la manière dont les médias numériques et les discours politiques ont transformé la commémoration de la guerre, en se concentrant sur l'interaction entre la mémoire, le pouvoir et les médias dans la formation de la perception publique de l'histoire. Hedwig Wagner applique le concept de dispositif de Michel Foucault à la commémoration de la guerre, soulignant comment les plateformes numériques, telles que les réseaux sociaux, agissent comme des outils permettant de façonner la mémoire collective et le discours public. L'article aborde de manière critique la manière dont les personnalités politiques modernes, en particulier Vladimir Poutine, détournent la mémoire historique, comme celle de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, pour justifier la guerre actuelle. Cet article traite du journalisme allemand de qualité, en particulier dans des médias tels que la Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ), Die Zeit et Der Spiegel, qui proposent un contre-discours, s'opposant à l'histoire révisionniste et mettant l'accent sur une culture mémorielle européenne visant à lutter contre de telles manipulations. La section « Passé radical » examine comment l'ère numérique a fondamentalement modifié notre relation avec la mémoire historique, en particulier à travers le concept de « passé radical » proposé par Ford et Hoskins (2022). L'immédiateté et la nature participative des plateformes numériques créent une recontextualisation constante du passé, où des événements historiques tels que la Seconde Guerre mondiale sont invoqués dans des conflits contemporains, comme la guerre de la Russie contre l'Ukraine. En conclusion, il est souligné que la commémoration de la guerre à l'ère numérique fonctionne comme un dispositif foucaldien, un système complexe où le pouvoir, la mémoire et les médias s'entrecroisent, façonnant à la fois le discours public et les perceptions individuelles de l'histoire.
Mots clefs: Guerre russo-ukrainienne ; récits historiques ; passé radical (Ford et Hoskins, 2022) ; culture mémorielle européenne ; dispositif foucaldien ; journalisme en ligne allemand
Common Factors Influencing Waste Minimisation Behaviour in OECD Countries: A Systematic Review
No full textWaste minimisation is a crucial component of sustainability efforts in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, where high consumption and production levels significantly contribute to global waste challenges. This study systematically reviews 99 scholarly articles related to the OECD from the past decade to identify and categorise the common factors influencing waste minimisation behaviour. Five key factor groups emerged from the analysis: individual factors, social/ collective factors, economic factors, administrative/ interventional factors, and media/ technology factors. Notably, 67% of the reviewed papers focus on food waste reduction, highlighting its significance in waste minimisation efforts. These findings emphasise the interconnected nature of these factors and indicate the need for integrated, multidimensional strategies to address waste challenges effectively. The study provides a valuable reference for policymakers, organisations, and researchers who are aiming to design holistic and sustainable waste management interventions. This review covers studies published between 2015 and 2024, thereby capturing the most recent years of research developments within OECD contexts
L’evoluzione dei metodi di sanificazione del latte
No full textThe topic discussed here concerns the evolution of thought and methods that led man to consider milk pasteurization essential for the prevention of certain diseases, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The path toward sanitizing this staple food, especially in infant nutrition, has encountered numerous obstacles, including differing scientific opinions, ingrained habits lacking hygienic precautions, and bureaucratic and interpretative issues, distorted by the observations of epidemiologists who observed the decline in tuberculosis virulence thanks to improved living conditions during the 19th century Industrial Revolution.L’argomento qui trattato riguarda l’evoluzione del pensiero e dei metodi che hanno portato l’uomo a considerare la pastorizzazione del latte essenziale per la prevenzione di alcune malattie, in particolare dell’infezione da Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Il percorso verso la sanificazione di questo alimento base, soprattutto nell’alimentazione infantile, ha incontrato numerosi ostacoli, tra cui divergenze di opinioni scientifiche, abitudini radicate e prive di precauzioni igieniche, e inoltre difficoltà burocratiche e interpretative, distorte dalle osservazioni degli epidemiologi che hanno osservato il declino della virulenza della tubercolosi grazie al miglioramento delle condizioni di vita durante la Rivoluzione industriale del XIX secolo