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No full textSince its origins, philosophical thought has dealt with the question of rhythm. Emile Benveniste, in an important article from 1951, reconstructed the semantic and philosophical genealogy of the term “rhythm” and noted how, starting with Plato, the term was ontologised and identified with “metre”. The term “rhythm” has thus lost its character of incommensurability and irregularity and has mainly been used in the field of music or poetry. In contemporary times, along with attempts still bound to a “metaphysical” conception of rhythm (as, for example, in Bergson), hypotheses have been formulated that have tried to recover the original lost meaning. Among those who have attempted such a recovery is to be counted, along with philosophers such as Gilles Deleuze or Henri Maldiney, Jacques Derrida, who has made “rhythm” one of the key terms (along with “dissemination”) of his philosophical trajectory and has taken it on as one of the key terms for understanding what is generically called “deconstruction”
Bambola. Note sulla prima rappresentazione dusiana di "Casa di bambola" e su una variante ritrovata
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Une passion genrée ? L’itinéraire de la compassion dans la littérature médico-philosophique moderne (1660-1780)
No full textCompassion is mentioned and studied within 17th- and 18th-century philosophical and medical literature as an emotional phenomenon. The advent of iatrophysics in explaining bodily functions, and the adoption of vitalist approaches, appear to have strongly influenced its conceptualisation. This study offers a historical overview, analysing a series of explanations and definitions of compassion formulated between 1660 and 1780 within various cultural contexts. The author detects a process of progressive genderisation of compassion, similar to that undergone by other passions, which were divided up during the Enlightenment into a kind of taxonomy of feelings. The article concludes by examining empirical psychological studies to show how this gendered categorisation of the emotional universe, fuelled by modern medical literature, still influences our perception of the self and otherness
« Émue de pitié et encore plus d’indignation » : Sentiments moraux et réflexion politique dans les œuvres révolutionnaires d’Isabelle de Charrière
No full textThis article explores the interplay between pity and indignation in the revolutionary works of Isabelle de Charrière, particularly in Lettres trouvées dans des porte-feuilles d’émigrés (1793). It argues that these two sentiments structure a moral and political response to the violence of the Revolution, and advances two key claims: first, that Charrière’s indignation arises from a form of pity rooted in sympathetic identification with the suffering of others; and second, that this indignation is directed at the widespread insensitivity demonstrated by both aristocrats and revolutionaries. The article further shows how Charrière’s writing, following in the footsteps of Rousseau, seeks to elicit these two moral affections in the reader, thereby assuming both an ethical and performative function. Through a close textual analysis of the characters and their development, the study highlights the central role of compassion in shaping moral judgement and in critiquing the sacrificial logic underlying the Terror
L’ultimo libro del Sapientiale, testimone di un’opera in fieri
No full textThis paper analyzes the concluding book of Thomas of York’s Sapientiale, within the framework of the ongoing critical edition project. The complex relationships between manuscripts F, R, and V reveal an in fieri editorial situation and constant authorial revision. Drawing on textual and paratextual evidence, the study confirms the stemma proposed by Fiorella Retucci and Antonio Punzi and offers an integrative interpretation of the work. The paper shows that the editorial shifts reflect a deep doctrinal reconsideration of the project, grounded in the maturation of the distinction between ens in generali and ens in speciali. This distinction is key to the inclusion and ordering of the final arguments, such as cosmology, celestial intelligences, and the soul. Finally, on the basis of the structure of manuscript V, the study supports the hypothesis that the correct numbering of the concluding book was originally the sixth rather than the seventh
The Bantu poetic traditions: Interfaces between language and versification
No full textThe aim of this paper is to analyse the versification practices of four Bantu languages—Swahili, Tswana, Zulu and Chewa—in a comparative perspective. This comparison is based on the fact that the suprasegmental phonologies of these four languages share a common feature, penultimate lengthening. It will be claimed that penultimate lengthening is the main linguistic feature that organises the line in the poetic traditions taken into account. As a linguistic phenomenon, penultimate lengthening shows some variation in its function among the four languages: it will be shown that this corresponds to analogous variations in the versification practices. The ultimate aim of this paper is to encourage further research in the field of stylistics of Bantu poetic traditions, a domain where joint work between linguists and scholars in literary studies could lead to innovative and fruitful results
Saramā as a psychopomp dog in ancient India
No full textThe paper investigates the origin of Saramā’s legend by confronting its two oldest versions (ṚV 10.108 and JB 2.440-442) along with further Rigvedic fragments and mentions. Actually, nothing in the Rigvedic tale suggests that Saramā is a dog. The two main versions differ for a number of factors, not least the characters involved (only Saramā and the Paṇis are found in both sources) and the textual tipology, but both come from the same oral archetype and consider Saramā a divine-sent heroine. From a historical point of view, some elements suggest that the context in which the myth arose was nomadic and war-like, and a strong competition for resources took place: cattle raiding, brahmodya-style back-and-forths and the taste for forcing adversaries to speak the truth, are all features that can be found in Vrātyas’ lifestyle, thus linking the she-dog to wandering, sworn male brotherhoods in ancient India. Below the textual surface, Saramā’s myth is a peculiar example of canine symbolism in Indo-Aryan tradition, and shows a privileged connection to death and the underworld: closeness to the yonder world is embodied by Saramā’s progeny, since they are said to be Yama’s two dogs, suggesting that dogs were believed to occupy an intermediate position between life and death. Traces of this belief emerge in contemporary traditions involving dogs, namely in the Khaṇḍobā cult in Maharashtra, which is considered to preserve legacies of Vrātya rites from Vedic times. Textual and archaeological evidence from the aśvamedha rite shows that in the great royal sacrifice a dog is killed along with a horse in order to ensure kingship. Reconstructing the first ideological stages of Saramā’s story might help understand why in post-Brahmanical reform texts Saramā is no longer the protecting devaśuni of Rigvedic times, and becomes instead a demon who eats embryos in the womb, while dogs in general are seen as polluting and contaminating, probably also due to their relationship with death