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“Ya hay paso seguro para España”: paratextos legales y literarios del Arte de Navegar (1673), de Lázaro de Flores Navarro
No full textEn este artículo haremos un análisis de los paratextos legales y literarios que anteceden al Arte de Navegar (1673) de Lázaro de Flores Navarro, el primer libro científico escrito en Cuba. A través de nuestro estudio llevaremos a cabo un análisis atendiendo a las convenciones literarias de dichos textos y acudiremos a los archivos históricos de la época con la intención de sacar a la luz la identidad de los autores de los paratextos literarios que estuvieron relacionados con Lázaro de Flores, responder algunas de las interrogantes referentes a la vida de su autor y vislumbrar el entorno cultural de este médico radicado en la Cuba del siglo XVII.
In this article we will do an analysis of the legal and literary paratexts that precede Lázaro de Flores Navarro’s Arte de Navegar (1673), the first scientific book written in Cuba. In our study we will perform an analysis paying attention to the literary conventions of said texts and review historical documents of the time in order to shed light on the identity of the authors behind these literary paratexts, their relationship to Lázaro de Flores, answer a few questions regarding the author’s life and understand the cultural milieu of this doctor who lived in XVII century Cuba.In this article we will do an analysis of the legal and literary paratexts that precede Lázaro de Flores Navarro’s Arte de Navegar (1673), the first scientific book written in Cuba. In our study we will perform an analysis paying attention to the literary conventions of said texts and review historical documents of the time in order to shed light on the identity of the authors behind these literary paratexts, their relationship to Lázaro de Flores, answer a few questions regarding the author’s life and understand the cultural milieu of this doctor who lived in XVII century Cuba.
En este artículo haremos un análisis de los paratextos legales y literarios que anteceden al Arte de Navegar (1673) de Lázaro de Flores Navarro, el primer libro científico escrito en Cuba. A través de nuestro estudio llevaremos a cabo un análisis atendiendo a las convenciones literarias de dichos textos y acudiremos a los archivos históricos de la época con la intención de sacar a la luz la identidad de los autores de los paratextos literarios que estuvieron relacionados con Lázaro de Flores, responder algunas de las interrogantes referentes a la vida de su autor y vislumbrar el entorno cultural de este médico radicado en la Cuba del siglo XVII
Del Mar del Sur al Mar del Norte en el siglo XVI
No full textA partir del Tratado de Zaragoza de 1529 por el que Carlos I entregaba las Molucas a los portugueses, la Corona española comenzó a interesarse por las tierras colindantes al estrecho de Magallanes. Se ordenó al virrey del Perú y al gobernador de Chile que iniciaran expediciones exploratorias para conocer la existencia de poblaciones indígenas, su flora, fauna, posibles especias y metales preciosos. Debía localizarse la boca occidental del estrecho para luego levantar un derrotero que facilitara las futuras navegaciones. Expertos navegantes como Ulloa, Ladrillero o Sarmiento de Gamboa llevaron a cabo difíciles exploraciones durante el verano austral. Con la entrada del corsario inglés Francis Drake en el Mar del Sur en 1578 creció la preocupación del monarca español al saber la indefensión de las costas del virreinato. Se trató de fortificar uno de los estrechamientos pero las condiciones climáticas y las dificultades de navegación dieron al traste con el proyecto. Exploraciones posteriores concluyeron que era preferible doblar el cabo de Hornos para acceder al Pacífico, que atravesar el estrecho de Magallanes.By the Zaragosa Treaty of 1529 King Charles the first delivered the Molucas archipelago to the Portuguese crown. Since that moment the land of the Strait of Magellan was an objective to explore in order to know the existence of Indians, spices, precious metals, flora and fauna. Another important goal was to find the western mouth of the strait and set its nautical route to facilitate future sails. To accomplish the royal order expert captains as Ulloa, Ladrillero or Sarmiento de Gamboa, perform difficult explorations taking advantage of the austral summer. On 1578 English privateer Francis Drake crossed the Strait reaching the South Sea provoking concern in the Spanish Crown due to the fact that the Spanish villages of the Viceroyalty of Peru were vulnerable
Evidencialidad citativa en las Décadas del Nuevo Mundo de Pedro Mártir de Anglería
No full textEl humanista lombardo Pedro Mártir de Anglería (1456), considerado como el primer cronista de Indias, encargado de narrar los sucesos del descubrimiento, conquista y fundaciones del Nuevo Mundo, escribió entre 1494 y 1526 la obra “Décadas del Nuevo Mundo”. La obra consta de ocho décadas y cada una de ellas está dividida en diez libros en los que el autor recoge, describe y relata los acontecimientos relacionados con lo que navegantes, marinos, almirantes y soldados, testigos directos de las hazañas, le iban refiriendo a la vuelta de sus viajes a través de referencias verbales o cartas escritas. En este trabajo queremos acercarnos a las Décadas del Nuevo Mundo desde una óptica lingüística, asumiendo que los acontecimientos narrados por el autor no son fruto de su experiencia sino producto de terceras personas. En este sentido, el objetivo es identificar cómo el autor expresa la evidencia de sus relatos para transmitir veracidad o incredulidad de lo que cuenta. Los resultados extraídos nos llevan a concluir que Pedro Mártir de Anglería utiliza en sus Décadas recursos léxicos y gramaticales para expresar la evidencialidad reportada o citativa, principalmente a través de verbos y preposiciones.The Lombard humanist Pedro Mártir de Anglería (1456), considered to be the first chronicler of the Indies, in charge of narrating the events of the discovery, conquest and foundations of the New World, wrote between 1494 and 1526 the work Decades of the New World. The work consists of eight decades, each of which is divided into ten books in which the author collects, describes and recounts the events related to what navigators, sailors, admirals and soldiers, direct witnesses of the exploits, told him on their return from their voyages through verbal references or written letters. In this work we want to approach the Decades of the New World from a linguistic point of view, assuming that the events narrated by the author are not the result of his own experience but the product of third parties. In this sense, the aim is to identify how the author expresses the evidence of his accounts in order to convey veracity or incredulity of what he tells. The results obtained lead us to conclude that Pedro Mártir de Anglería uses lexical and grammatical resources in his Décadas to express reported or citational evidentiality, mainly through verbs and preposition
La lucha entre el hombre y el mar en la literatura griega
No full textEl mar en la literatura griega tiene una importante función ordálica, de manera que el viaje por mar implica someterse al juicio de los dioses, que utilizan el mar para castigar a los culpables. Sin embargo, hay personajes que luchan contra el mar y tratan de vencerlo. En este artículo la atención se centra especialmente en dos casos, a saber, el de Áyax Oileo, quien, tras violar a Casandra en el templo de la diosa Atenea, tiene que hacer frente a la tormenta que ésta le envía como castigo para provocar su naufragio (Quinto de Esmirna, Posthoméricas 14), y el caso de Jerjes, quien en Persas de Esquilo trata de subyugar y esclavizar al Helesponto. Ambos héroes confían tanto en sus capacidades que creen poder vencer al mar (y, en consecuencia, a los dioses), pero el mar los derrota y los dioses les hacen entender dónde están sus límites mortales.The sea in Greek literature has an important ordealic function, so that sea travel involves sub-mitting to the judgement of the gods, who use the sea to punish the guilty. However, there are characters who fight against the sea and try to overcome it. In this article the focus is on two cases in particular, namely the case of Ajax Oileus, who, after raping Cassandra in the temple of the goddess Athena, has to face the storm that she sends him as a punishment to cause his shipwreck (Quintus of Smyrna, Posthomerica 14), and the case of Xerxes, who in Aeschylus’ Persians tries to subjugate and enslave the Hellespont. Both heroes are so confident in their abilities that they believe they can defeat the sea (and, consequently, the gods), but the sea defeats them and the gods make them understand where their mortal limits lie
La gran isla de Nueva Guinea: descubrimiento y navegación por los españoles (1528-1607)
No full textEl presente trabajo pretende reconstruir la historia de Nueva Guinea dentro de la etapa de expansión ultramarina de la corona española a través de la navegación realizada por los españoles entre los siglos XVI-XVII empezando por el viaje de Saavedra, su descubridor; la navegación de Ortiz de Retes por su parte septentrional, quien además le dio nombre; el interés de ésta en los planes de fray Andrés de Urdaneta para la armada de Legazpi; los intentos desde Perú por alcanzarla entre 1556-1595 y por último la empresa de Pedro Fernández de Quirós en pos de la Terra Australis Incógnita y el reconocimiento definitivo del segundo de Quirós, Luis Váez de Torres, de su insularidad, frente a la teoría de que formaba parte de la tierra austral al navegar por su parte meridional y ser cartografiada por el capitán Diego de Prado, compañero de Váez.The present work aims to reconstruct the history of New Guinea within the stage of overseas expansion of the Spanish crown through the navigation carried out by the Spanish between the 16th and 17th centuries, starting with the voyage of Saavedra, its discoverer; the navigation of Ortiz de Retes through its northern part, who also gave it its name; her interest in Fray Andrés de Urdaneta's plans for the Legazpi navy; the attempts from Peru to reach it between 1556-1595 and finally the company of Pedro Fernández de Quirós in pursuit of the Terra Australis Incógnita and the definitive recognition of Quirós's second, Luis Váez de Torres, of its insularity, against the theory of which was part of the southern land when sailing through its southern part and being mapped by Captain Diego de Prado, Váez's companion
Léxico y fraseología de los sectores resinero y maderero: los oficios que fletaron el español hacia América
No full textCuando se aborda el hito del descubrimiento, se suelen obviar los sectores más primarios que constituyen la base de la navegación: la industria maderera, primordial para la empresa astillera, y el oficio resinero y, consecuentemente, el peguero, encargado de la impermeabilización de las naves. Obviamente, estos sectores, localizados en zonas muy concretas de la geografía española, abarcan gran parte de la historia de ciertos núcleos poblacionales, configurándose como parte fundamental de la identidad cultural de estos, lo que se manifiesta en determinados aspectos lingüísticos, como la formación de un léxico particular, casi jergal, y de una pintoresca y prolija fraseología. Estos sectores se concentran en gran parte de sierra de Guadarrama, y en la llamada ‘Tierra de pinares’; una comarca entre el sur de Valladolid y el norte de Segovia. Este artículo se centra en el léxico específico y en la fraseología que genera el ejercicio de estos oficios, delineando a determinada comunidad de habla, su manera de concebir el hecho lingüístico y, por ende, de entender la realidad.When the historical milestone of the Discovery of America is approached, the most primary sectors that constitute the basis of navigation are usually overlooked: the timber industry, essential for the shipbuilding company, and the resin trade and, consequently, the peguero, in charge of waterproofing the ships. Obviously, these sectors, located in very specific areas of the Spanish geography, cover a large part of the history of certain population centers, becoming a fundamental part of their cultural identity, which is manifested in certain linguistic aspects, such as the formation of a particular lexicon, almost jargon-like, and of a picturesque and prolix phraseology. These sectors are concentrated in a large part of the Sierra de Guadarrama, and in the so-called 'Tierra de pinares', a region between the south of Valladolid and the north of Segovia. This article focuses on the specific lexicon and phraseology generated by the exercise of these trades, delineating a certain speech community, its way of conceiving the linguistic fact and, therefore, of understanding reality
Tradurre Góngora: recensione di Quaranta sonetti giocosi, trad. Giulia Poggi: Venezia, Molesini Editore, 2024. ISBN: 9791281270084. 144 pp.
No full textReseña de la traducción italiana Quaranta sonetti giocosi (Molesini Editore, 2024), en la que Giulia Poggi traduce cuarenta sonetos de Góngora que vienen principalmente de los satíricos y burlescos del ms. Chacón. Se analiza aquí la realización en italiano de los rasgos típicos de la poética gongorina y, en particular, los recursos retóricos, los juegos lingüísticos y las estructuras empleadas en los sonetos en cuestión.Recensione della traduzione italiana Quaranta sonetti giocosi (Molesini Editore, 2024), in cui Giulia Poggi traduce quaranta sonetti di Góngora che vengono principalmente dai satirici e burleschi del ms. Chacón. Si analizza qui la resa in italiano dei tratti tipici della poetica gongorina e, in particolare, le figure retoriche, i giochi linguistici e le strutture utilizzate nei sonetti in questione
Victor ou les enfants au pouvoir : l’échec du Surréalisme en scène
No full textThe marginal role of theater in surrealist research is underscored by the movement’s limited dramatic output. Among the few plays produced is Victor or Power to the Children by Roger Vitrac, which—according to leading critics such as Matthews, Han, and Knapp—stands as the most accomplished example of surrealist drama. However, when Vitrac wrote Victor, he had already distanced himself from the movement for three years and was actively involved in the Théâtre Alfred Jarry, a project often criticized by Breton. This paper explores Victor or Power to the Children as a radical critique of Surrealism. To this end, it analyzes the play’s two protagonists, Victor and Ida, who embody two key surrealist archetypes: the artist-child and the muse.The marginal role of theater in surrealist research is underscored by the movement’s limited dramatic output. Among the few plays produced is Victor or Power to the Children by Roger Vitrac, which—according to leading critics such as Matthews, Han, and Knapp—stands as the most accomplished example of surrealist drama. However, when Vitrac wrote Victor, he had already distanced himself from the movement for three years and was actively involved in the Théâtre Alfred Jarry, a project often criticized by Breton. This paper explores Victor or Power to the Children as a radical critique of Surrealism. To this end, it analyzes the play’s two protagonists, Victor and Ida, who embody two key surrealist archetypes: the artist-child and the muse.The marginal role of theater in surrealist research is underscored by the movement’s limited dramatic output. Among the few plays produced is Victor or Power to the Children by Roger Vitrac, which—according to leading critics such as Matthews, Han, and Knapp—stands as the most accomplished example of surrealist drama. However, when Vitrac wrote Victor, he had already distanced himself from the movement for three years and was actively involved in the Théâtre Alfred Jarry, a project often criticized by Breton. This paper explores Victor or Power to the Children as a radical critique of Surrealism. To this end, it analyzes the play’s two protagonists, Victor and Ida, who embody two key surrealist archetypes: the artist-child and the muse
Exploring Risk Management Practices and Fiqh Muamalat to Improve the Performance of Islamic Microfinance Institutions
No full textThe purpose of this study is to explore risk management practices and fiqh muamalat to improve the performance of Islamic microfinance institutions. This study focuses on BMT UGT Nusantara, one of the largest Islamic microfinance institutions (IMFIs) in Indonesia. Due to the site's unique characteristics, the study design is a descriptive exploratory, single-case study with a holistic approach. Data were acquired using various methodologies, including in-depth interviews with informants, field observations, focus group discussions, and document reviews. The Interactive Model is used to analyze data, which is then tested for validity through the evaluation of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. This study highlights several substantial findings, including the successful implementation of risk management practices at IMFIs. Risk management involves understanding, identifying, mitigating, and assessing risks. Despite the lack of standards and the perception that risk management is only partial, risk management practices have improved financial and organizational performance. Sharia compliance risk is the most widely acknowledged, while finance and liquidity risk are the most anticipated. The practice of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh muamalat) is efficiently implemented by integrating Sharia compliance as an operational system and Sharia practices as a work culture, which fosters ethical behavior and is acknowledged as a good risk management practice
Impact of Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia on Quality of Life: An Observational Study.
No full textINTRODUCTION
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT) is a common arrhythmia that can occur at any age. On the electrocardiogram, it presents as a narrow QRS complex with a heart rate greater than 120 beats per minute. Signs and symptoms include palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, and other symptoms. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the Quality of Life (QoL) in people with PSVT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An observational study was conducted between February and July 2024 on a sample of 202 patients with TPSV. The UMEA22 (U22) and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Healthy Survey 36 (SF-36) scales were used. Statistical analyses were conducted with Jamovi®.
Correlations between variables were examined using Pearson's r, and Welch's ANOVA with a Games-Howell post-hoc test was used to evaluate comparisons between groups, with a significance level of alpha = 0.05.
RESULTS
On the U22 scale, patients reported an average score of 7.95 for general health and 8.65 for the impact of symptoms on psychological and physical well-being. The SF-36 scale had average scores of 85.0 for physical health and 73.3 for mental health.
Significant differences emerged between males and females. Physical activity is associated with better mental and physical health. Ablation was significantly associated with improved physical and mental health.
CONCLUSION
The study provides important insights into how sociodemographic and behavioral variables influence patients' quality of life. Significant differences were found related to gender, age, and occupation. Personalized interventions that take into account differences in gender, age, socioeconomic status, and physical activity levels could significantly improve patient well-being