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La settecentesca “Reggia” Università degli Studi di Torino e l’architetto Bernardo Antonio Vittone (1704-1770). Un legame importante -
No full textOngoing studies on the Piedmontese architect Bernardo Antonio Vittone (1704-1770), a professional figure with decidedly modern features, have made it possible to realise that his interesting profile was due to the studies he undertook in Turin and for the most part at the University he attended. Contrary to what was believed in the even recent past, the University of Turin, from the very first years of the implementation of the Reform, desired by King Victor Amadeus II at the beginning of the 18th century, imposed a highly innovative didactics for the scientific teaching of mathematics and physics.Relying on professors such as the Bolognese Ercole Corazzi for mathematics and the two Minims, Father Joseph Roma and his successor Father Francesco Garro, for physics, the Athenaeum of Turin created the prerequisites for a valorisation of the practical application aspect of the knowledge transmitted that anticipated the choices implemented in the rest of Italy much later. It was the in-depth study of the training received by those who attended the University of Turin's mathematics and physics classes in order to acquire the “Lettera Patente” for the professional practice of architecture that, thanks to the discovery of mathematic interesting documents, made it possible to understand that the Galilean and Newtonian approach had characterised teaching from the very first years of operation of the Reform of university at the beginning of the century
Bollettino bibliografico
No full textThe Bulletin presents in alphabetical order all titles reported during the previous semester by the SIAC's free online Newsletter, which is sent to subscribers every four weeks.Le Bulletin présente par ordre alphabétique tous les titres signalés au cours du semestre précédent par la Newsletter on line gratuite de la SIAC, qui est envoyée aux abonnés toutes les quatre semaines.Il Bollettino presenta in ordine alfabetico tutti i titoli segnalati durante il semestre precedente dalla Newsletter on line gratuita della SIAC, che viene inviata agli iscritti ogni quattro settimane
La créativité linguistique au prisme des langues construites
No full textThis special issue of Ricognizioni, Linguistic Creativity through the Lens of Constructed Languages, brings together contributions from the 2024 I-Conlang conference (Orléans), exploring the diversity and vitality of constructed languages (conlangs). From philosophical and auxiliary languages to fictional and artistic creations, conlangs represent a fertile ground for linguistic innovation and interdisciplinary research. The volume addresses historical, technological, and sociolinguistic dimensions, with case studies ranging from Esperanto to fanfiction languages. It highlights the continuum between constructed and natural languages and emphasizes the value of conlangs as tools for exploring human creativity and linguistic diversity.This special issue of Ricognizioni, Linguistic Creativity through the Lens of Constructed Languages, brings together contributions from the 2024 I-Conlang conference (Orléans), exploring the diversity and vitality of constructed languages (conlangs). From philosophical and auxiliary languages to fictional and artistic creations, conlangs represent a fertile ground for linguistic innovation and interdisciplinary research. The volume addresses historical, technological, and sociolinguistic dimensions, with case studies ranging from Esperanto to fanfiction languages. It highlights the continuum between constructed and natural languages and emphasizes the value of conlangs as tools for exploring human creativity and linguistic diversity
Islamic Public Finance: How It Matters for Achieving SDGs: Islamic Public Finance
No full textThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) agenda is an important global agenda. Public finance, including Islamic public finance, is an essential financial agenda of a country, specifically for Islamic countries. However, both work towards the good welfare of people globally (via SDGs) and the country's people (via Islamic public finance). As both works parallelly, Islamic public finance plays a significant role in advancing SDGs through its unique principles and practices that emphasise social responsibility, ethical investments, and people's welfare. This is where this study aims to highlight the contribution of Islamic public finance towards sustainable development and stimulate discussion on the role of the Baitulmal authorities in the design and implementation of the SDGs. This study uses the narrative review and mapping method. The narrative review is done on past studies or articles on Islamic public finance instruments. The mapping method identifies the motives of each Islamic public finance instrument and then links them to each goal of the SDGs. The results show a gap in Islamic public finance elements in the current public finance practice. These few missing elements of Islamic public finance should be regarded as added value elements in the current practice of public finance that widen the scope, generating more revenues in public finance. With more sources of revenue in public finance, more funds could be spent on achieving the SDGs. Hence, the public finance policy is suggested to be constructed by adding the Islamic public finance elements, specifically for Islamic countries
Tensions of discourse in Muḏakkirāt miṯliyya by Fāṭima al-Zahrā’ Amzkār: A sensational example of gendered representation through fictional autobiography
No full textFāṭima al-Zahrā’ Amzkār’s debut novel, Muḏakkirāt miṯliyya (‘Memoirs of a Lesbian,’ 2022), caused a scandal in Morocco when it was banned from Rabat’s 2022 International Book Fair. This article first examines the expectations generated by the novel’s title, specifically within the context of the Moroccan women’s muḏakkirāt genre, and explores the nuances it assumes when combined with the term miṯliyya. Next, using a cognitive narratology approach informed by trauma studies, the article demonstrates how the construction of memory and identity in this fictional autobiography is both realistic and suspenseful, thereby eliciting the reader empathy for the narrator. Finally, it identifies a discourse of shame and pride embedded within the novel, situating it in the Moroccan socio-cultural context. This discourse helps explain the novel’s controversial nature and justifies its existence (despite its ban in Morocco), highlighting the socially transformative power of openly embracing what is typically stigmatized as shameful, despite prevailing gendered norms. The conclusion synthesizes the perspectives from the three sections to assess whether the author’s engagement with this gendered representation can be understood within the tension between distinct poles (writer/narrator, fiction/reality, global/local, past/future)
Towards an eco-surplus culture: From market failures to vulnerabilities and logical flaws of ‘artificial’ environmental protection systems
No full textFollowing the Paris Agreement, global actors intensified climate action through ambitious pledges, financial alliances, and investments in green technologies. However, despite continued rises in atmospheric carbon concentrations and global temperatures, a series of structural regressions have emerged, exposing the deep vulnerabilities and inherent flaws of artificial environmental protection systems—systems predominantly shaped by mainstream economics’ growth-oriented and technology-centric paradigms. This paper, grounded in Granular Interaction Thinking Theory (GITT), seeks to uncover the logical flaws embedded in such systems. It explains how they perpetuate the illusion that perpetual economic growth is compatible with environmental protection through prioritizing investment in advanced—yet often costly, low-impact, and highly uncertain—technological solutions. This bias also results in an overdependence on a limited range of technologies, heightening the risk of economic bubble formation and immiserizing growth. To address these systemic shortcomings, we advocate for the adoption of the semiconducting principle of monetary and environmental value exchange. This principle ensures that environmental values can be translated into monetary values, but not vice versa—thereby preventing monetary valuation from undermining ecological sustainability. Operationalizing this principle effectively requires the cultivation of Nature Quotient (NQ) across society and a broader socio-cultural shift toward an eco-surplus culture, in which environmental protection, restoration, and regeneration are not peripheral trade-offs, but foundational preconditions for long-term economic resilience, political stability, and social well-being. Such a profound transition will inevitably increase systemic entropy—manifesting as uncertainty and disruption across established socio-cultural and political patterns, norms, and structures. Accordingly, this paper also explores the major challenges that may hinder the emergence and diffusion of an eco-surplus culture, as well as strategies for addressing them
Variazione della percezione del dolore nelle donne sottoposte a screening mammografico in base alla conformazione del seno.
No full textINTRODUZIONE
Lo studio condotto coinvolgeva 100 donne sottoposte a esami mammografici, eseguiti da un singolo operatore tecnico di senologia. Le partecipanti hanno compilato un questionario sulla percezione del dolore, mentre la densità mammaria è stata valutata tramite il software Quantra. Inoltre, sono state rilevate le medie degli spessori mammari dalle proiezioni mammografiche standard. L'obiettivo principale era valutare la possibile relazione tra densità del seno, spessore mammario e percezione del dolore, con una valutazione della qualità mammografica da parte di due tecnici esperti del Centro di Riferimento Regionale Mammografico di Torino (CRRM).
MATERIALI E METODI
È stato utilizzato un questionario con una scala Visual Analogical Scale per valutare la percezione del dolore. Gli esami sono stati eseguiti con un mammografo digitale, mentre la valutazione della densità mammaria è stata effettuata con il software Quantra. È stata anche condotta una revisione sistematica della letteratura.
RISULTATI
I risultati hanno indicato che le pazienti in media hanno avuto una percezione del dolore lieve-moderata, principalmente dovuta alla compressione applicata durante lo schiacciamento della mammella. Si è notato che le donne con densità mammaria più alta, tendono a provare più dolore, rispetto a quelle con densità più bassa, ma non è stata evidenziata una correlazione tra dolore e spessore mammario.
CONCLUSIONI
Lo studio osserva come la percezione del dolore durante la mammografia non dipenda solo da fattori soggettivi, come quelli psicologici, ma sia anche influenzata dalla densità del seno. Più la mammella è densa, maggiore è il dolore percepito. Tuttavia, non è emersa una correlazione diretta tra dolore e spessore del seno. Questo suggerisce che una componente soggettiva giochi un ruolo significativo nella percezione del dolore
La qualificazione giuridica del tempo in regime di reperibilità passiva nel comparto sanitario: analisi delle sentenze europee e nazionali, implicazioni normative e controversie applicative.
No full textINTRODUCTION
The legal classification of on-call time represents a topic of significant interest for labor law, particularly in the healthcare sector, where on-call duty creates tensions between operational needs and workers' rights. European case law has emphasized the importance of clearly distinguishing between working time and rest periods, rejecting the creation of an intermediate category. This article analyses the regulatory and practical implications of the availability regime in light of key European and national rulings, with a specific focus on its application in the Italian healthcare sector.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The analysis is based on the examination of major rulings by the Court of Justice of the European Union, complemented by references to Directive 2003/88/EC and the National Collective Labor Agreements (CCNL) in the healthcare sector. Key case law, including Simap, Jaeger, and Matzak, has been examined to assess the impact of time and geographical constraints on workers’ freedom. Particular attention has been given to response time and the workers’ degree of subjection to the restrictions imposed by the employer.
RESULTS
The on-call regime in the healthcare sector raises critical issues regarding the compatibility between the right to rest and professional obligations. European case law has clarified that strict constraints on response time and mobility may qualify such periods as working time. In Italy, despite the collective bargaining attempt to regulate these aspects, disparities in application persist among different healthcare institutions. Additionally, the lack of regulatory uniformity and the need for more effective legislative instruments emerge as key concerns.
CONCLUSIONS
The analysis highlights that on-call periods can significantly compromise the right to rest, particularly when workers are subject to strict constraints. European case law has provided criteria for classifying such periods as working time, stressing the importance of response time and the degree of residual freedom for workers. In Italy, improvements have been introduced by the recent collective bargaining agreements, but challenges regarding the harmonization of national regulations and the effective protection of workers persist. INTRODUZIONE
La qualificazione del tempo in regime di reperibilità passiva rappresenta un tema di rilevante interesse per il diritto del lavoro, in particolare nel settore sanitario, dove la reperibilità passiva crea tensioni tra esigenze operative e diritti dei lavoratori. La giurisprudenza europea ha sancito l'importanza di distinguere chiaramente tra tempo di lavoro e periodo di riposo, escludendo la creazione di una categoria intermedia. Questo articolo analizza le implicazioni normative e applicative del regime di reperibilità alla luce delle principali sentenze europee e nazionali, con particolare attenzione alla sua applicazione nel comparto sanitario italiano.
MATERIALI E METODI
L'analisi si basa sull'esame delle principali pronunce della Corte di Giustizia dell'Unione Europea, integrato con riferimenti alla direttiva 2003/88/CE e ai Contratti Collettivi Nazionali di Lavoro (CCNL) del comparto sanitario. Sono stati approfonditi i casi giurisprudenziali chiave, come Simap, Jaeger e Matzak, e si è valutato l'impatto dei vincoli temporali e geografici sulla libertà dei lavoratori. Un'attenzione specifica è stata rivolta al tempo di reazione e alla soggezione del lavoratore ai vincoli imposti dal datore di lavoro.
RISULTATI
Il tema della reperibilità passiva nel settore sanitario è oggetto di un acceso dibattito giuridico e sindacale, poiché incide sull'equilibrio tra il diritto al riposo del lavoratore e la continuità assistenziale, principio cardine del servizio sanitario. La giurisprudenza europea ha chiarito come vincoli stringenti sul tempo di reazione e la mobilità possano qualificare tali periodi come orario di lavoro. In Italia, la contrattazione collettiva ha tentato di regolamentare la materia, senza tuttavia garantire un'armonizzazione applicativa, determinando quindi persistenti disomogeneità tra le aziende sanitarie. Inoltre, emergono come temi centrali la mancanza di uniformità normativa e la necessità di strumenti regolatori più efficaci.
CONCLUSIONI
Dall'analisi emerge che i periodi di reperibilità passiva possono compromettere significativamente il diritto al riposo, in particolare quando il lavoratore è soggetto a vincoli stringenti. La giurisprudenza europea ha fornito criteri per qualificare tali periodi come orario di lavoro, evidenziando l'importanza del tempo di reazione e del grado di libertà residuo del lavoratore. In Italia, la recente contrattazione collettiva ha introdotto alcuni miglioramenti, ma persistono criticità nell’uniformità applicativa a livello nazionale e nella piena tutela dei diritti dei lavoratori, soprattutto in materia di orario di lavoro e reperibilità
Epistemic Intermediaries and Europe's Defence Turn: Expert Knowledge and the Communication of the CSDP
No full textAmid escalating geopolitical instability and institutional recalibration, the European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) has entered a critical phase of communicative and strategic transformation. This article investigates how expert knowledge about the CSDP is framed and disseminated through European public institutional communication, with particular attention to the role of epistemic intermediaries -understood as scholars, policy advisors, military personnel, and civil servants- who mediate between institutional narratives and public understanding. Based on a cross-national survey of 129 experts, the study examines their perceptions of communication effectiveness, knowledge accessibility, and the legitimacy of the CSDP. Findings point to a fragmented landscape shaped by institutional opacity, cognitive asymmetries, and technocratic framing. While experts broadly support deeper defence integration, they express skepticism toward current EU communication strategies, especially regarding sufficiency, clarity, and citizen engagement. The article argues that in high-stakes policy domains like defence, communicative legitimacy is a core dimension of strategic autonomy. It concludes by emphasizing the centrality of epistemic intermediaries in shaping the diffusion, reception, and contestation of European security narratives, and calls for more transparent, dialogic, and epistemically plural communication infrastructures.
Keywords: CSDP; epistemic intermediaries; European Union; Public institutional communication; strategic autonomy