SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
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Long-Term Response of Herbaceous and Sapling Strata to Mechanical Understory Removal in Northern Hardwoods
Get PDFThis thesis reports the effect of cutting understory trees at three sites in the central Adirondacks of New York. Felling treatments were applied in 2000 to understory trees (\u3c 5.5 in. dbh) using a brushsaw, from May through October. Observations from 2017 indicate that understory American beech densities and heights did not differ between treatment and control plots. However, densities of beech saplings (1.0 – 5.4 in. dbh) indicate that cutting may have reduced beech by 3-fold, while, the cohort directly below (≥ 6 ft. but \u3c 1.0 in.) the sapling layer increased 4-fold. Further, treatments did not improve the densities and heights of non-beech regeneration. The treatment also showed no effect on richness and the cover of the herbaceous layer. Results indicate that mechanical site preparation is not effective for long-term control of American beech or for promoting diversity of non-beech species and ground layer vegetation in northern hardwood forests
Comparison of Spring Migration Ecology of American Black Ducks (Anas rubripes) and Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in the Montezuma Wetlands Complex
Get PDFI compared behavior, habitat selection, and movements between American black ducks and mallards using the Montezuma Wetlands Complex (MWC) during spring. I did not detect differences in behavior between species within habitat types. Black ducks used open water more than mallards. Black ducks chose home ranges with less agriculture, developed, and forested wetland cover types and greater emergent marsh and open water relative to their availability within the MWC, but used cover types in proportion to their availability within their home ranges. Mallards chose home ranges with cover types proportional to their availability within the MWC and used cover types in proportion to their availability within home ranges. Local movement step lengths were similar between species at 0.5 – 25 km. Departure date was earlier with increasing percent use of agricultural areas in spring, a possible explanation for mallards departing the MWC earlier than black ducks in 2016
Semiochemical Attractants of the Parasitic Fly Philornis Downsi in the Galapagos Islands
Get PDFLarvae of the parasitic fly Philornis downsi (Diptera: Muscidae) feed on the blood and tissues of passerine chicks. Parasitism by P. downsi contributes to increasing mortality and population declines in several bird species in the Galapagos Islands. This dissertation focuses on the identification of chemical attractants (food odors, sex or aggregation pheromones) for P. downsi. These attractants are important for increased trapping efficiency in the management of P. downsi. Dipteran mating and reproductive success are dependent on chemical communication, yet little is still known about the chemical ecology of most Diptera, with the exception of some agricultural pests and vectors of pathogens. My studies of chemical communication in P. downsi found some food odors, such as the volatile fermentation products (ethanol and acetic acid) produced by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to be attractive. Maximal attraction was attained by a mixture of 3% ethanol and 0.3% acetic acid. The addition of 250 ml of this solution to an external reservoir that dispensed into a McPhail trap prolonged the effectiveness of these compounds in the field. Sex and aggregation pheromones are also important in this system; experiments identified males as the attractive sex. GC-EAD and GC-MS analyses on crude and photo-oxidized cuticular lipids of both sexes identified 18 photo- oxidation compounds produced by males as potential attractants for females. Genitalia extracts of each sex had markedly different volatile compounds. Extracts from male genitalia were significantly attractive to females in y-tube olfactometer assays (p= 0.02). Based on data presented here, I hypothesize that P. downsi mating begins with feeding behaviors, followed by location of host nests by male and female flies. Male flies then emit pheromones to attract the females. Mating occurs after mate location by visual identification and sexual or contact pheromones. Mating and communication systems in the calyptrate muscoids are poorly understood in general. In addition to identifying attractants specific to P. downsi, some of the work presented here may be broadly applicable to the chemical communication of muscoid flies in general
Overtopped, Volunteer, 30- to 40-Yr-Old Sugar Maple Saplings Responded to Unplanned Release Events in an Even-Aged, Maturing Sugar Maple/Northern Red Oak Plantation
Get PDFSugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) is an important component of northern hardwood forests. Its life history characteristics allow seedlings and saplings to readily develop as advance regeneration. Within a population of overtopped sugar maple saplings in Central New York, 40 were randomly sampled and stem analysis used to describe diameter growth. Saplings averaged 57-yrs-old, ranging from 30 to 87-yrs-old when sampled in 2017/18. The response of cross- sectional growth rate to disturbance was assessed. Analysis of variance was used to test significant difference in growth rates relative to time of disturbance. Saplings closer to a disturbance internal to the plot were observed to have several years of increased rates of radial growth (p=0.0195). Overall, saplings were responsive to release, the most responsive in growth had round-ovoid crown shapes, as compared to saplings with flat crowns. Crown shape is apparently related to sugar maple sapling vigor and may be of use as a nondestructive measure defining vigorous advance regeneration response
Pulp and Paper graduate student David Lent adding color to paper pulp
No full textA graduate student, David Lent, adding color to paper pulp in a Pulp and Paper lab
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Student obtaining samples and measurements during paper machine run
No full textA white male student obtaining samples and measurements during a paper machine run
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James Thorpe at PSE
No full textJames Thorpe working in an office
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James P Banbacht shows paper samples to student at dry end of big paper machine
No full textJames P Banbacht standing with a student in a lab showing them paper samples from the dry end of a big paper machine
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Samuel Rothenberg assists a student in a yield pulp project
No full textSamuel Rothenberg assisting a African American, male student with a high yield pulp project
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Photo Caption Money O\u27Neil receives
No full textA caption for a photograph: \u27Photo Caption -- John H. Kuhn, left, Container Corp. of America, and chairman of Pen-Jer-Del Division of PIMA, presents $500 check to William W. Barnes. Looking on is Fred W. O\u27Neil, chairman, Pulp and Paper Department, State University College of Forestry at Syracuse\u27
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