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Influence of social protection on access to health care among elderly persons in informal settlements in Nakuru Town, Kenya
Get PDFhttps://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i7.1395The objective of the study is to analyse the influence of social protection on access to health care among
elderly persons in informal settlements Nakuru Town, Kenya. The study was based on the Disengagement theory and utilized a descriptive research design to target individuals of 70 years and above, within the informal settlements in Nakuru Town, Kenya. Cluster and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 399 respondents from a target population of 248,785 elderly persons. Data was collected from the sample using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using
descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation with chi-square, and the thematic content analysis method. Quantitative analysis was aided by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 software. Results showed that the majority of the respondents (70.3%) had low access to health care services. Access to health care services is influenced by social protection programmes specifically cash transfers, government interventions in health care, and retirement benefits. Based on these findings,
the study recommends that policy makers should create awareness regarding the existence of government interventions such as health insurance subsidy programme (HISP) and the importance of enrolling to retirement benefit schemes and saving for old age
The influence of records management on tendering process in the public sector: A case of the EMBU county government, Kenya
No full textThis study aims to investigate the influence of record management in the tendering process in the public sector in the context of the Embu County Government, specifically the study sought to investigate the influence of training in record keeping and the filing system on tendering process in Embu county government. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study used the census method for the 33 members of the tendering committee in the county government of Embu. The study adopted a
census because the population was small. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data needed in the study. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative data. Quantitative responses based on the Likert scale were coded in the computer using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Processed data were summarized in tables and then presented using simple frequencies and percentages. The study established that records management affected the tendering process. The study also revealed that the tendering process in the public sector is statistically significantly (P = 0.000) affected by records management. The study recommended that the County government of Embu should ensure that the tendering process is effective, by adopting advanced training in the record management and filing systems so as to maintain and secure all tender records in the procurement departmen
Karatina University Students Entertaining Guests with a Traditional Song and Dance at Karatina University During a Past Graduation Ceremony
No full textTraditional Dancers Entertaining Guests at Karatina Universit
Sustainability strategies and performance of public universities in Kenya
Get PDFhttps://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i7.1401The current operational setup in Kenya’s Universities is a turbulent one and highly competitive market condition. To ensure survival and sustainability, public universities require to adopt and implement competitive strategies. Many scholars have investigated sustainability efforts by universities in pursuit of performance, however, it is still not clear how sustainable strategies have the greatest influence on the performance of Public Universities. Thus, the study set to establish the influence of sustainability strategies on the performance of Public Universities in Kenya. The study was anchored on resource based theory. To achieve the objectives, the study was anchored on a pragmatic philosophy and mixed research design with a target population of 234 University top managers. Primary data was collected using a 5-point Likert-type questionnaire and an interview guide. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that sustainability strategies had a significantly statistical influence on the performance of public universities in Kenya. The regression analysis for composite results revealed that sustainability strategies (SS) alone account for 53% of the variation of performance of Public Universities (R2=0.53, (t=7.68, p<0.05). Regression analysis for individual results, cost reduction (CR) (R2 0.518, t=18.07 p, <0.05), collaboration (C) (R2=0.418, t=2.7 p, <0.05) and diversification (D) (R2=0.218, t=8.07 p, <0.05). This study concluded that implementation of sustainability strategies (cost reduction, diversification, and collaboration) are essential strategies Public Universities can use in their endeavor to improve their performanc
التصويتى لدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة تجاه قضايا
No full textتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن تصويت دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة داخل الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة فى الفترة من 1990 - 2007 اتخذ شكلا إيجابيا إزاء القضايا ذات الصلة بالبيئة والتنمية على اختلاف صورها وأشكالها كما بينت الدراسة ان الاهتمام الإماراتى بقضايا البيئة لا ينفك عنه الحديث عن الاهتمام بقضايا التنمية فهذان النوعان من القضايا مرتبطان ببعضهما البعض ا
Effects of Employee Attitudinal Factors on HACCP System Practices in Four and Five Star Rated Hotels in Nairobi County, Kenya
Get PDFRight attitude is very important for every success. It is key to performance of employees in any business. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a globally recognized food safety program advanced as a suitable program to minimize or eliminate the risk of food contamination. This study sought to determine the influence of employee attitudinal factors on HACCP system practices in four and five star-rated hotels in Nairobi County. A total of 255 hotel
cooks and 33 chefs participated in the study. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics that provided detailed description
of the study variables. To establish the statistical significance of the hypothesis, simple linear regression analysis was conducted at 95 percent confidence level (α = 0.05).The study established the existence of a statistically significant positive relationship between employee behavioral factors and HACCP system practices. The study recommends to hotel managers and other food production industry practitioners to enhance employees’ attitude for effective HACCP system implementation
Enhancing Tripartite Symbiosis between Soybean, Bradyrhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungiunder Contrasting Farm Management Practices in Tharaka-Nithi County-Kenya
No full textEnhancing Tripartite Symbiosis between Soybean, Bradyrhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal FungiunderOrganic farming is gaining popularity as agronomically and environmentally sound
soil management strategy with the potential to enhance soil microbial diversity and
fertility, environmental quality and sustainable crop production. However, the role
of bradyrhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in organic farming
systems is poorly understood. Field experiments were carried out to evaluate the
effects of organic farming and bradyrhizobia inoculation on soybean nodulation,
AMF root colonization, growth, production and yield quality. Greenhouse and
laboratory experiments sought to determine the effects of bradyrhizobia and/or AMF
inoculation and dual inoculation in promoting root colonization and nodulation,
determine soil mycorrhizal inoculum potential (MIP), evaluate the abundance and
effectiveness of native bradyrhizobia and determine the morphological and genetic
diversity of native bradyrhizobia isolates under different farm management
practices. Field experimental treatments included native bradyrhizobia, commercial
Bradyrhizobiun japonicum, a mixture of native and commercial Bradyrhizobium
japonicum and control. Promiscuous soybeans varieties SB 19 and SC squire as well
as non-promiscuous Gazelle were used as test plants. All field experiments were
carried out in split-split plot design. In the greenhouse, AMF and bradyrhizobia were
inoculated and dual inoculated on SC squire soybeans. The AMF inoculants used
were Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis while bacteria involved
commercial bradyrhizobia and native bradyrhizobia. Greenhouse experiments were
set out using completely randomized design. The native bradyrhizobia were isolated
and characterized. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from nodule isolates was extracted
using Gene Jet DNA extraction kit. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 16S
rDNA gene was carried out using universal primers P5-R and P3-F. Polymerase
chain reaction product purification and sequencing was carried out in MacrogenNetherlands. Sequencing was done using the same primers. Non molecular data
obtained was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Means that were
significantly different at p< 0.05 were separated using Tukey’s HSD test. Field
experiment results demonstrated significant improvement of soybean nodule dry
weight (NDW), shoot dry weight (SDW) and seed dry weight (SEDW) due to
inoculation. Bradyrhizobia inoculation increased soybean seed yields by between
29-59% of its potential yield. Remarkably, organic farming significantly (p=0.001)
out-performed conventional systems in SDW, NDW, SEDW and AMF root
colonization. Moreover, seed nutrient significantly differed in organic and
conventional farming where, seed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic
carbon were higher in organic farming. Soybean varieties differed significantly on
SDW, NDW and SEDW, where SC squire performed better compared to SB 19 and
Gazelle. Greenhouse results showed bradyrhizobia and AMF dual inoculation
significantly enhanced AMF root colonization, NDW and SDW compared with
individual bradyrhizobia, AMF or control. Moreover, organic farming significantly
(p=0.001) increased SDW, NDW and AMF root colonization compared to
conventional farming. Organic farming had a significant effect (p = 0.001) on soil
MIP. Based on molecular analysis, isolates were bradyrhizobia and matched with
Bradyrhizobium japonicum among other species. There was little or no genetic
differentiation of isolates with the highest molecular variation (91.12%) within the
populations and 8.88 % among populations. The results demonstrate the importance
of organic farming and dual inoculation in sustainable crop production. The highly
potential native bradyrhizobia isolates (GRPc and GRPk) and exotic AMF should be
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popularized and commercially ultilized by farmers to alleviate declining soil fertility
and increase food production with minimum expenses
Enhancing food security through home gardening in urbanizing environment in Machakos County, Kenya
Get PDFKenya is rapidly urbanizing at an annual rate of about 4.3%. One of the consequences of urbanization has been the problem of food insecurity in peri-urban areas. Increased migration to urban from rural areas has enhanced food insecurity in these areas. The peri-urban area of Kangundo-Tala in Machakos County is one of the fastest-growing peri-urban areas due to its proximity to the capital city of Nairobi. This study investigated the impact of home gardening in enhancing food security in the rapidly
urbanizing middle-income Kangundo–Tala peri-urban areas of Machakos County, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were: to identify the causes of households’ food insecurity in the study area; to examine the factors influencing the adoption of home gardening and; to establish the role of home gardening as a measure of households’ food security. To measure food security, three consumption behaviors were analyzed: consumption changes, food expenditure reduction and income expansion. A qualitative approach was adopted where a total of 120 newly settled households were interviewed. The three main causes of food insecurity were identified (i) small land sizes, (ii) low and erratic rainfall and, (iii) the socialization of peri-urban dwellers. About 68% of the households were practicing at least one form of home gardening. The need for safe and nutritious food, seasonal unavailability, and inaccessibility of food encouraged the establishment of home gardens. From the gardens, households were able to diversify their diets, access safe food and have food readily available. With enhanced
stability in food availability, accessibility, and utilization, the study concluded that home gardens played a major role in enhancing food. However, the production was at a very small scale. Up-scaling of home gardening by the Ministry of Agriculture through training was recommended
Effect of Drying Method on Volatile Nutraceuticals and Microbial Growth in Moringa oleifera
Get PDFFresh Moringa oleifera leaves are very rich in phytonutrients, however the leaves are also highly perishable and require processing for increased shelf-life. The method of processing, specifically drying affects the nutritional value of the product. The present study therefore, analyzed the nutraceutical value and growth of toxic microbes when the leaves were dried under different conditions i.e. room temperature, greenhouse, 50% shade net, and in the oven at 60 oC for 4 h. The experiments were carried out at the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT). The treatments were applied in triplicate and arranged on a completely randomized design (CRD). Data on nutritional value of dried Moringa leaves was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) for parameterization and means separated using protected LSD0.05. The study showed that drying Moringa leaves under shade, room and greenhouse conditions significantly (P<0.05) affects the nutritional value of the product. The results showed highest levels of vitamin C, vitamin A, polyphenols and terpenoids when the leaves were dried under 50% shade net and room temperature conditions. In contrast, the glucosinolate content was significantly (P<0.05) higher
when the leaves were dried instantly in the oven (9.1%/wt), followed by drying under greenhouse conditions (8.7%/wt) before oven drying. However, drying of Moringa leaves under shade before oven drying resulted in growth of toxic microbial organisms such as staphylococcus, yeast, E. coli and molds that can potentially affect the safety of the product. Finally, the drying conditions also significantly (P<0.05) affected the moisture content of the powder obtained. The results of this study form an important reference for small-holder Moringa growers and processors in the development of an optimal processing regime for high value Moringa powde