Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
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Dinámica de attosegundos en moléculas orgánicas fotoionizadas
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química. Fecha de Lectura: 12-06-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 12-12-202
Pensamiento complejo en la formación inicial docente: Percepción de directivos y docentes en Chile
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación. Fecha de Lectura: 28-06-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 28-12-2025La presente tesis doctoral busca conocer las percepciones de directivos y
docentes pertenecientes a un grupo de Facultades de Educación, respecto de la
incorporación del Pensamiento Complejo en la Formación Inicial Docente como
una contribución a los procesos de enseñanza – aprendizaje al interior de las carreras
de Pedagogía. El enfoque utilizado es de carácter cualitativo interpretativo, a través
de un diseño de investigación de estudio de casos múltiples. Para la recolección de
los datos, se aplicó una entrevista en profundidad a un grupo de 12 directivos a cargo
de la gestión académica de tres Facultades de Educación, 40 cuestionarios
autoadministrados a los académicos de las mismas facultades y un análisis de los
Marcos Normativos de la Formación Inicial Docente y los Proyectos Educativos de
las instituciones abordadas. Las conclusiones de esta investigación permiten dar
cuenta de un escaso conocimiento acerca de la teoría del Pensamiento Complejo en
la Formación del Profesorado en Chile, como también confirmar los rasgos
facilitadores y obstaculizadores para la incorporación de una epistemología del
pensamiento de segundo ordenThis doctoral thesis seeks to know the perceptions of managers and teachers
belonging to a group of Faculties of Education, regarding the incorporation of
Complex Thinking in Initial Teacher Training as a contribution to the teachinglearning
processes within the Pedagogy careers. The approach used is of an
interpretive qualitative nature, through a multiple case study research design. To
collect the data, an in-depth interview was applied to a group of 12 managers in
charge of the academic management of three Faculties of Education, 40 selfadministered
questionnaires to academics from the same faculties and an analysis
of the Regulatory Frameworks of the Initial Teacher Training and the Educational
Projects of the institutions addressed. The conclusions of this research allow us to
account for the limited knowledge about the theory of Complex Thinking in Teacher
Training in Chile, as well as confirm the facilitating and hindering features for the
incorporation of an epistemology of second-order thinkin
Efectos de la quinasa Plk1 en la regulación de factores de transcripción proneurales
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de Lectura: 19-04-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 19-10-2025La generación de neuronas de novo a partir de células madre neurales (NSCs, del inglés Neural Stem Cells) y su integración funcional en los circuitos neuronales se define como neurogénesis. En los mamíferos, es un proceso complejo y esencial que tiene lugar principalmente a lo largo del desarrollo embrionario y postnatal y, en menor medida, en el cerebro adulto. En respuesta a estímulos fisiológicos o como consecuencia de una lesión, las NSCs adultas tienen cierta capacidad para dar lugar a progenie diferenciada. Esta capacidad, aun siendo muy limitada para regenerar el tejido dañado, hace que la potenciación de la neurogénesis endógena sea considerada como una posible estrategia de interés en medicina regenerativa. Por su parte, trabajos recientes sobre reprogramación genética celular han facilitado la obtención de neuronas humanas a partir de otros tipos celulares, con lo que se han multiplicado las posibilidades de investigación, modelización y regeneración del sistema nervioso en la salud y en condiciones patológicas. Estudios previos de nuestro laboratorio han aportado evidencias que indican que la serina/treonina quinasa Plk1 (del inglés Polo-like kinase 1), con un papel esencial en el control de una serie de procesos en el ciclo celular, es un regulador intrínseco de la activación y del modo división de las NSCs adultas, limitando la neurogénesis en los dos nichos neurogénicos canónicos. En esta Tesis Doctoral se ha evaluado el potencial de Plk1 como posible regulador molecular y funcional de controladores maestros de la neurogénesis, como Ascl1 (del inglés Achaete-scute homolog 1) y Ngn2 (Neurogenina 2). En particular, se ha explorado el mecanismo molecular por el que Plk1 estaría participando en el proceso de transición entre quiescencia y activación de las NSCs y, por tanto, en el proceso de neurogénesis adulta. Por un lado, nuestros resultados revelan que la modulación de la actividad y los niveles de la quinasa Plk1 son suficientes para provocar un cambio en los niveles proteicos del factor proneural Ascl1 tanto in vitro como en las células progenitoras de la zona subependimaria (SEZ, del inglés Subependymal Zone) in vivo. Por otro lado, hemos demostrado que la actividad de Plk1 bloquea la diferenciación neuronal mediada por Ascl1 de las NSCs adultas de la SEZ. Por último, se han identificado posibles nuevas dianas de fosforilación de Plk1 con potencial neurogénico en las NSCs, que abren la puerta al estudio de las funciones inesperadas de la quinasa en el sistema nervioso. Con todo ello, los hallazgos de esta Tesis Doctoral ponen de manifiesto que Plk1 podría ejercer funciones muy relevantes relacionadas con el impulso de la neurogénesis adulta y los procesos de reprogramación y diferenciación a neuronas con fines terapéuticos, a través de la modulación de los niveles de Ascl1, sugiriendo que podría ser un regulador clave en el sistema nerviosoLa investigación ha sido financiada por los siguientes proyectos de investigación a cargo
de la Dra. Eva Porlan Alonso:
2016-2020. Ayuda para Contratos Ramón y Cajal. Ministerio de Economía y
Competitividad (RYC-2014-15991).
2016-2018. Control de la división celular asimétrica por reguladores mitóticos:
implicaciones para procesos patológicos y regenerativos del sistema nervioso
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (SAF2015-67756-R). 2020-2023. Nuevos reguladores farmacológicos de la neurogénesis adulta y la
reprogramación directa: implicaciones para la regeneración. Ministerio de Ciencia e
Innovación/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2019-104763RB-I00
Recombinant Klotho administration after myocardial infarction reduces ischaemic injury and arrhythmias by blocking intracellular calcium mishandling and CaMKII activation
Get PDFIschaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major cause of death and morbidity. Klotho is a well-known anti-ageing factor with relevant cardioprotective actions, at least when renal dysfunction is present, but its actions are much less known when renal function is preserved. This study investigated Klotho as a biomarker and potential novel treatment of IHD-associated complications after myocardial infarction (MI) under preserved renal function. Association between circulating Klotho levels and cardiac injury was investigated in patients after ST-elevation MI (STEMI). Biochemical, in vivo and in vitro cardiac function and histological and molecular studies were performed to determine the effect of recombinant Klotho in the failing hearts of mice after MI. We demonstrated that STEMI patients showed lower systemic Klotho levels, with the lowest Klotho tertile in those patients with higher N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels. Mice also showed a decrease in systemic Klotho levels after MI induction. Furthermore, recombinant Klotho administration in mice reduced infarct area and attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. We also demonstrated that Klotho treatment prevented reduction in ejection fraction and MI-related ECG changes, including prolonged QRS, JT, QTc, and TpeakTend intervals and premature ventricular contractions. In adult mouse cardiomyocytes, Klotho treatment restricted systolic calcium (Ca2+) release and cell shortening disturbances after MI. Klotho prevented increased diastolic Ca2+ leak and pro-arrhythmogenic events in PMI mice by blocking activation of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase type II (CaMKII) pathway, preventing ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) hyperphosphorylation. In conclusion, Klotho supplementation protected against functional and structural cardiac remodelling and ameliorated ventricular arrhythmic events by preventing intracardiomyocyte Ca2+ mishandling in mice following MI. These data uncover a new cardioprotective role of Klotho, emerging as a biomarker of ventricular injury and potential treatment for patients after MI. © 2025 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and IrelandThe study was mainly supported by projects from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (PI20/00763, CPII20/00022, FI18/00261, FI21/00212, CD19/00029, IFEQ21/00012, PI23/00182, RD24/0004/0018) cofunded by the European Union, Ministerio de Universidades (FPU20/03005), the Education and Research Council of Madrid (PEJ-2021-AI/SAL-21426), Biomedicine Network Comunidad de Madrid (P2022/BMD-7223 CIFRA_COR-CM), Spanish Network (RED2022-134511-T), the Spanish Society of Nephrology SEN/2021SENEFRO Foundation, the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC ) / Spanish Foundation of Heart (SEC/FEC-INV-BAS 23
Kinetic and proteomic studies in milk show distinct patterns among major Listeria monocytogenes clones
Get PDFListeria monocytogenes, a contaminant of raw milk, includes hypervirulent clonal complexes (CC) like CC1, CC4, and CC6, highly overrepresented in dairy products when compared to other food types. Whether their higher prevalence in dairy products is the consequence of a growth advantage in this food remains unknown. We examined growth kinetics of five L. monocytogenes isolates (CC1, CC4, CC6, CC9, and CC121) at 37 and 4 °C in ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk and raw milk. At 4 °C, hypovirulent CC9 and CC121 isolates exhibit better growth parameters in UHT milk compared to the hypervirulent CC1, CC4, and CC6 isolates. CC9 isolate in raw milk at 4 °C exhibited the fastest growth and the highest final concentrations. In contrast, hypervirulent isolates (CC1, CC4, and CC6) displayed better growth rates in UHT milk at 37 °C, the mammalian host temperature. Proteomic analysis of representative hyper- (CC1) and hypovirulent (CC9) isolates showed that they respond to milk cues differently with CC-specific traits. Proteins related to metabolism (such as LysA or different phosphotransferase systems), and stress response were upregulated in both isolates during growth in UHT milk. Our results show that there is a Listeria CC-specific and a Listeria CC-common response to the milk environment. These findings shed light on the overrepresentation of hypervirulent L. monocytogenes isolates in dairy products, suggesting that CC1 and CC4 overrepresentation in dairy products made of raw milk may arise from contamination during or after milking at the farm and discard an advantage of hypervirulent isolates in milk products when stored at refrigeration temperaturesThis work was supported by Generalitat Valenciana (Project reference AICO/2021/278) (JJQ), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Project references PID2022-137961OB-I00 (JJQ), PGC2018-096364-B-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER (MGP)), and Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera (Programa INDI 22/44) (JJQ). J.J. Quereda is supported by a “Ramón y Cajal” contract of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (RYC-2018-024985-I). Alba Espí-Malillos and Carla Palacios-Gorba are supported by a Predoctoral contract from the Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publicatio
Influence of the carboxylate anion on the CO2 absorption mechanism using based-imidazolium ionic liquids
Get PDFThe reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels is contingent upon the implementation of strategies such as the curtailment of fossil fuel usage, the adoption of renewable energy sources, and the utilization of CO₂ capture and utilization technologies. Although direct air capture (DAC) presents a significant opportunity for global mitigation, industrial efforts have primarily concentrated on pre-combustion, oxyfuel, and post-combustion capture methods to enhance environmental sustainability. Nevertheless, the economic viability of CO₂ reuse remains a significant concern, and the development of innovative solutions is imperative. In this study, the influence of the carboxylate anion on CO2 absorption process using imidazolium-derived ionic liquids (ILs) is compared. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium formate ([BMIm][HCOO]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([BMIm][OAc]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium propionate ([BMIm][C3H5OO]) have been analyzed. The efficacy of the capture process was assessed by qua
Court judgment lex-icon in criminal codes: online court judgment in France, the United Kingdom and Spain. Proposed translation model : French - English - Spanish
No full textLegal translation is one of the most complex disciplines for translators, interpreters, and legal linguists within specialised translations. This difficulty in translation becomes more remarkable in the specialised use of legal terminology in all languages that professionals translate. Owing to their jargons, legal languages convey a considerable complexity during the gradual translation process. The aim of this research is to analyse a corpus of Court Judgment lex-icology, issued from civil and criminal courts in the United Kingdom, France and Spain, whose legal systems belong to two different legal families. France, and Spain to the Civil Law, derived from Roman Law. Even though they are part of the same law family, translators should be aware of certain social, cultural, and terminological differences in legal French adn Spanish systems. English Law, however, belongs to a totally different legal system: Common Law. Therefore, this study will analyse important aspects of Court Judgments issued in these countries. Firstly, the use of difficult lex-icology, closely linked to their societies and, secondly, terminology that is easier to find an equivalence in the target language. Legal translators should consider all these facts in order to translate meaningful Court Judgments into the target language but respecting source Court JudgmentsLa traduction assermentée est l'une des disciplines les plus compliquées pour les traducteurs, les interprètes et les linguistes légaux dans la traduction spécialisée. Cette difficulté dans la traduction se remarque notamment dans l'utilisation spécifique de terminologies juridiques quelles que soient les langues traduites par les professionnels. En raison de leurs jargons, les langages juridiques génèrent une forte complexité pendant le procédé progressif de la traduction. Cette recherche a pour objectif d'analyser un corpus lexical de jugements tiré de jugement rendus dans des cours civiles et pénales, au Royaume Uni, en France et en Espagne, pays dont les systèmes juridiques appartiennent à deux fanukues légales différentes. En France et en Espagne, le droit civil est dérivé du Droit romain. Bien sue ces systèmes soient une section de la même famille juridique, les traducteurs doivent être conscients des différences sociales, culturelles et terminologiques inhérents aux systèmes légaux français et espagnols. Concernant le droit anglais, il est un système différent: la «Common Law» (la Loi Commune). Par conséquent, cette étude analysera des aspects importants de jugements qu'ont été rendus dans ces trois pays. Ces aspects concernent premièrement sur l'usage de lexicologies difficiles liées aux sociétés de ces pays. Ils portent, deuxièmement, sur des terminologies pour lesquelles il est plus facile de trouver une équivalence dans la langue cible. Les traducteurs légaux doivent prendre en considération ces faits afin de réaliser une traduction pertinente des jugements dans la langue cible et en respectant des jugements rendu
Taxation of multinational companies in the digital economy: current outlook
No full textAlong with the development of the digital economy, the shifting of profits by large multinational companies into lower-tax territories (and the subsequent erosion of tax bases) poses a challenge for the design of international, coordinated tax policies that obstruct tax avoidance in territories where economic benefits are generated. The chapter provides an overview of the work and regulation being carried out by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the European Union (EU) to ensure that the taxation of multinational companies - and not only companies providing digital services - occurs in those territories where value is generated. An overview is also given of national legislation being adopted by some countries in order to tax the provision of certain digital services, thereby mitigating erosion of the collection of revenues while a consensus resolution (which may be long in arriving) is decided at the global leve
Dual-emission switching in a MN(II)-based hybrid bromide via water coordination: synthesis, structure, and processing
No full textThis work presents the synthesis, characterization, and functional evaluation of a new luminescent manganese(II) hybrid halide, (pr-ted)2[MnBr4], containing the organic cation (pr-ted)+ (1-propyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane). The compound exhibits green photoluminescence and undergoes a reversible transformation to a red-emitting hydrated form, (pr-ted)2[MnBr4(OH2)], upon exposure to ambient humidity. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals differences in coordination geometry between the two phases: a tetrahedral environment in the anhydrous form and a distorted trigonal bipyramidal in the hydrated phase. This structural change is responsible for the observed red shift in emission. The interconversion is fully reversible through thermal treatment or vacuum exposure. Photoluminescence and density functional theory calculations are employed to investigate opticalbehavior and electronic transitions. In situ X-ray powder diffraction confirms the humidity-induced phase transition. Both forms exhibit solubility in polar solvents, enabling the fabrication of luminescent coatings via wet-processing
methods. Impregnation and nebulization approaches are explored. The impregnation process enables the fabrication of composites on porous materials, while the nebulization method produces homogeneous coatings on non-porous substrates. These coatings maintain reversible luminescent switching, validating the potential of (pr-ted)2[MnBr4] as a responsive material for humidity sensing. The integration of humidity-sensitive luminescent compounds into functional platforms using cost-effective echniques is demonstrated, for applications in environmental monitoringThe authors thank Javier Piñataro for his help in the synthesis of the compounds. This work is dedicated to Lucas Garrote de la Fuente. This work was supported by MCINN/AEI/10.13039/5011000011033 and European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR, under the National Program of Sciences and Technological Materials (PID2022–138968NB-C21, PID2023-149077OB-C31, TED2021-12941A-I00 and PLEC2021-007906). J.T. is indebted to the Ramón y Cajal Program (RYC2022-036283-I Fellowship). A.C.D. thanks PAIDI FQM-113 (Junta de Andalucia, Spain/FEDER). J.I.M. also acknowledges funding by CAM via the “Technologies program” (SYNMOLMAT-CM: TEC-2024/TEC-459
