Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
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Demographic study of persons living with HIV (PLWH) newly diagnosed in the healthcare area of a tertiary-level hospital
No full textIntroduction: Countering HIV infection remains a primary objective of the Spanish National Health System. Emergency services play a crucial role in reducing missed diagnostic opportunities, with estimates suggesting that one in 3 such opportunities occur here. The aim of the study is to examine the geographical dispersion of newly diagnosed HIV cases, within a downtown Madrid hospital.
Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, retrospective study evaluating the geographical distribution of new HIV diagnoses in the care area of a tertiary University Hospital in the Community of Madrid.
Results: Three hundred and eighty-seven individuals with a new diagnosis of HIV infection between 2018 and 2020 were analysed, the majority being young people with an average age of 36±9 years. 86% were gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men and 48.6% were immigrants. 15.3% presented with CD4+100,000copies/mL and >500,000copies/mL, respectively, with up to 13.7% of subjects presenting resistance mutations at diagnosis. Geographically, 51.4% of individuals came from 4 Health Centres and more than 70% of the new diagnoses were included in nine Health Centres.
Conclusion: Better understanding the geographical distribution of new HIV diagnoses by health areas allows us to identify areas of higher transmission risk, thereby directing and implementing prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment measuresIntroducción
La lucha contra la infección por VIH sigue siendo un objetivo primordial del Sistema Nacional de Salud español. Los servicios de urgencias son un punto crítico a la hora disminuir las oportunidades de diagnóstico perdidas, donde se estima que se producen una de cada 3 oportunidades perdidas. El objetivo es examinar la distribución geográfica de los nuevos diagnósticos de VIH en el área de un hospital del centro de Madrid.
Métodos
Estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo que evalúa la distribución geográfica de los nuevos diagnósticos de VIH en el área asistencial de un hospital universitario de tercer nivel en la Comunidad de Madrid.
Resultados
Se analizaron 387 personas con un nuevo diagnóstico de infección por VIH entre los años 2018-2020, siendo en su mayoría personas jóvenes con una media de edad de 36 ± 9 años. El 86% fueron hombres gais, bisexuales y otros hombres que tiene sexo con hombres y el 48,6% población inmigrante. El 15,3% se presentó con CD4+ 100.000 copias/mL y > 500.000 copias/mL respectivamente, presentando, hasta un 13,7% de los sujetos mutaciones de resistencia al diagnóstico. En la distribución geográfica por las Áreas de Salud, el 51,4% de las personas procedían de 4 centros de salud y en 9 centros de salud se incluían más del 70% de los nuevos diagnosticados.
Conclusión
Conocer mejor la distribución geográfica de los nuevos diagnósticos de VIH por Áreas Sanitarias nos permite identificar las zonas de mayor riesgo de transmisión, para así poder dirigir y efectuar medidas de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento preco
Exploiting high-resolution NIKA2 data to study the intracluster medium and dynamical state of ACT-CL J0240.0+0116
No full text“Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores. Solo se referencia el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM”It is crucial to have a detailed understanding of the intracluster medium (ICM) to infer precise cluster physics, such as the cluster’s dynamical state, in order to carry out cluster-based cosmological studies. This knowledge limits the accuracy and precision of mass estimation, which is a key parameter for such studies. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth analysis of cluster ACT-CL J0240.0+0116 using a multi-wavelength approach, with a primary focus on high angular resolution Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) thermal component observations obtained under the New IRAM KIDs Array 2 (NIKA2) Sunyaev-Zeldovich Large Programme (LPSZ). We created composite images using NIKA2, X-ray, and optical galaxy number density maps. The results reveal distinct signs of disturbance within the cluster, with distributions of gas and member galaxies that do not overlap. We also found suggestions for an inflow of matter onto the cluster from the south-west direction. We classified the cluster as disturbed, using morphological indicators derived from its SZ, X-ray, and optical image. The SZ signal in the cluster is also contaminated by a strong central point source. We adopted different approaches to handling this contaminant and found that the estimates of our pressure and hydrostatic mass profiles are robust to the point source mitigation model. The hydrostatic mass of the cluster is estimated at 4.25+−00.5045 × 1014 M in the case where the point source was masked. These values are consistent with the mass estimated using only X-ray data and with the values from previous SZ studies of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) survey, with improved precision on the mass estimate. Our findings strongly suggest that ACT-CL J0240.0+0116 is a disturbed cluster system, and the detailed observations and derived values serve as a compelling case study for the capabilities of the LPSZ in mapping the cluster ICM with high precisionThis work is supported by the French National Research Agency under the contracts “MKIDS”, “NIKA” and ANR-15-CE31-0017 and in the framework of the “Investissements d’avenir” program (ANR-15-IDEX02). This work has been supported by the GIS KIDs. This work has benefited from the support of the European Research Council Advanced Grant ORISTARS under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (Grant Agreement no. 291294). A.P., M.D.P., A.F., and R.W. acknowledge financial support from PRIN-MIUR grant 20228B938N “Mass and selection bias of galaxy clusters: a multi-probe approach” funded by the European Union Next generation EU, Mission 4 Component 1 CUP C53D2300092 0006 and Sapienza Università di Roma, thanks to Progetti di Ricerca Medi 2022, RM1221816758ED4E. A.F. acknowledges the project “Strengthening the Italian Leadership in ELT and SKA (STILES)”, proposal nr. IR0000034, admitted and eligible for funding from the funds referred to in the D.D. prot. no. 245 of August 10, 2022 and D.D. 326 of August 30, 2022, funded under the program “Next Generation EU” of the European Union, “Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza” (PNRR) of the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR), “Fund for the creation of an integrated system of research and innovation infrastructures”, Action 3.1.1 “Creation of new IR or strengthening of existing IR involved in the Horizon Europe Scientific Excellence objectives and the establishment of networks”. E.P. and M.-M.E. acknowledge support from the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), under grant ANR-22-CE31-0010. FDL acknowledges f inancial contribution from PrinMUR 2022, supported by Next Generation EU (n.20227RNLY3 The concordance cosmological model: stress-tests with galaxy clusters), Fondazione ICSC, Spoke 3: Astrophysics and Cosmos Observations, National Recovery and Resilience Plan (Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza, PNRR) Project ID CN00000013 ‘Italian Research Center on High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing’ funded by MUR Missione 4 Componente 2 Investimento 1.4: Potenziamento strutture di ricerca e creazione di “campioni nazionali di R&S (M4C2-19)”– Next Generation EU (NGEU), and support from INFN through the InDark initiative. R.A. acknowledges support from the Programme National Cosmology et Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, co-funded by CEA and CNES. R.A. was supported by the French government through the France 2030 investment plan managed by the National Research Agency (ANR), as part of the Initiative of Excellence of Université Côte d’Azur under reference number ANR-15-IDEX-01. A. R. acknowledges financial support from the Italian Ministry of University and ResearchProject Proposal CIR01_0001
María Zambrano en la “Ínsula” de José Luis Cano
No full textRecordamos los principales puntos que constituyeron el ingente proyecto impulsado por José Luis Cano basado
en la función de la literatura como base del conocimiento y la reconstrucción de la convivencia. En el centro de
su atención, estuvieron las letras españolas, europeas y americanas, así como los autores del exilio. María Zambrano
recibió un trato exquisito en la revista pues su apuesta por la razón poética coincide plenamente con los
ideales de CanoThis paper recalls the main points of the ambitious project driven by José Luis Cano, which was based on the
role of literature as a foundation for knowledge and the reconstruction of coexistence. At the centre of his focus
were Spanish, European, and American letters, as well as authors in exile. María Zambrano received exquisite
treatment in the journal, as her commitment to poetic reason fully aligned with Cano’s ideal
Spanish decurions. The “jenízaras” families in the government of the city of Milan (1671-1718)
No full textEl proceso de agregación del Estado de Milán a la monarquía de España durante el siglo
XVI generó un proceso dual. Por un lado, un número creciente de familias españolas se
establecieron en el territorio lombardo, vinculadas al servicio a la corona en puestos
militares y de ministros y oficiales. Al mismo tiempo, las élites urbanas del Estado de
Milán articularon un sistema de requisitos que dificultaba y retrasaba de forma
sustancial el acceso de las familias de origen español a los órganos de gobierno de la
metrópoli lombarda. El patriciado milanés exigió la residencia centenaria en la ciudad y
las pruebas de nobleza para aquellas familias que solicitaran el ingreso en sus filas. Las
familias españolas fueron emparentando de forma gradual con las oligarquías del
territorio, y adquiriendo bienes raíces. De este modo, se configuraron redes de
parentesco mixtas con una doble nacionalidad, a la vez española y lombarda, lo que les
permitía acceder a los puestos reservados para cada grupo en los tribunales supremos
regio-ducales. Durante el reinado de Carlos II, estas familias mixtas o “jenízaras” (como
se las denominaba en la época) comenzaron a acceder a los órganos patricios de
gobierno de la ciudad, debiendo afrontar en muchos casos la resistencia del patriciado
milanésThe process of incorporating the State of Milan into the Spanish monarchy during the
16th century generated a dual process. On the one hand, a growing number of Spanish
families settled in Lombardy, linked to the service of the crown in military posts and as
ministers and officials. At the same time, the urban elites of the State of Milan
articulated a system of requirements that substantially hindered and delayed the access
of families of Spanish origin to the governing bodies of the Lombard metropolis. The
Milanese patriciate demanded a hundred years of residence in the city and proof of
nobility for those families who applied to join their ranks. Spanish families gradually
intermarried with the oligarchies of the territory and acquired real estate. In this way,
mixed families with dual Spanish and Lombard nationality were formed, which allowed
them to access the positions reserved for each group in the royal-ducal supreme courts.
During the reign of Charles II, these mixed families or ‘jenízaras’ (as they were called at
the time) began to gain access to the patrician governing bodies of the city, in many
cases facing resistance from the Milanese patriciateEste estudio ha sido realizado en el marco del proyecto: De los reinos al palacio real: los agentes y el
despacho regio en la monarquía de España, 1659-1725 (Agentia) (PID2023-148329NB-I00
Layer-wise model merging for unsupervised domain adaptation in segmentation tasks
Get PDFMerging parameters of multiple models has resurfaced as an effective strategy to enhance task performance and robustness, but prior work is limited by the high costs of ensemble creation and inference. In this paper, we leverage the abundance of freely accessible trained models to introduce a cost-free approach to model merging. It focuses on a layer-wise integration of merged models, aiming to maintain the distinctiveness of the task-specific final layers while unifying the initial layers, which are primarily associated with feature extraction. This approach ensures parameter consistency across all layers, essential for boosting performance. Moreover, it facilitates seamless integration of knowledge, enabling effective merging of models from different datasets and tasks. Specifically, we investigate its applicability in unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA), an unexplored area for model merging, for semantic and panoptic segmentation. Experimental results demonstrate substantial UDA improvements without additional costs for merging same-architecture models from distinct datasets (↑ 2.6% mIoU) and different-architecture models with a shared backbone (↑ 6.8% mIoU). Furthermore, merging semantic and panoptic segmen tation models increases mPQ by 7%. These findings are validated across a wide variety of UDA strategies, architectures and datasets. The code will be publicly available upon acceptance in the LWMM repository: http://www-vpu.eps.uam.es/LWMM/This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Government through its TED2021-131643A-I00 (HVD) and the PID2021-125051OB-I00 (SEGA-CV) project
El estudio empírico de la memoria: Los tres momentos de la memoria
Get PDFFecha original del recurso educativo: Curso académico 2017/2018.
Fecha de la última actualización del recurso educativo (publicada en el repositorio Biblios-e- Archivos de la UAM): Curso académico 2024/2025A continuación, se presentan tres lecciones docentes sobre el estudio empírico de la memoria en las que se ilustran los tres momentos o fases que incluyen los procedimientos empíricos interesados en el estudio científico de la memoria. La primera lección presenta el primer momento, la fase de codificación del material; la segunda lección presenta el segundo momento, la fase de retención; y la tercera lección presenta el tercer momento, la fase de recuperación. Las lecciones se han elaborado enmarcadas en dos proyectos de innovación docente, en concurrencia competitiva, de las convocatorias de Proyectos de Innovación Docente de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid para los cursos 2016/2017 y 2017/2018, denominados PS_03.16-INNOVA "Los tres momentos de la memoria: ¿Cómo medir la memoria?" (Curso 2016/2017) y PS_003.17-IMPLANTA "Los tres momentos de la memoria: ¿Cómo medir la memoria?" (Curso 2017/2018). Coordinadora de los proyectos: Prof.ª Dra. Nieves Pérez-MataNext, three teaching lessons on the empirical study of memory are presented in which the three moments or phases that include the empirical procedures interested in the scientific study of memory are illustrated. The first lesson introduces the first moment, the encoding phase of the material; the second lesson introduces the second moment, the retention phase; and the third moment introduces the retrieval phase. The lessons have been developed within the framework of two teaching innovation projects, which were submitted in response to the calls for Teaching Innovation Projects at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid for the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 academic years, cited as PS_03.16- INNOVATE "The three moments of memory: How to assess memory?" (2016/2017) and PS_003.17-IMPLANED "The three moments of memory: How to assess memory?" (2017/2018). Project Coordinator: Professor Dr. Nieves Pérez-Mat
Molecular variation and phylogeography within European Isothecium alopecuroides and Pseudisothecium myosuroides (Bryophyta, Lembophyllaceae)
No full textEarlier studies on Isothecium s.l. suggested potential interchange of genetic material between species that are nowadays known to belong to separate genera. In this study, we analyse the variation in three molecular markers (nuclear gpd; mitochondrial nad5; and plastid trnG) in a wide selection of Isothecium alopecuroides and Pseudisothecium myosuroides specimens to infer whether this potential exchange of genetic material is frequent. In addition, we explore the phylogeographic structure of these two species in Europe. Our results seem to show repeated genetic interchange for the nuclear and mitochondrial markers in both species, suggesting intergeneric hybridization, although horizontal gene transfer and/or incomplete lineage sorting could also explain the detected incongruences. The genetic lineages found indicate a complex biogeographical history for I. alopecuroides, including both post-glacial immigration from different glacial refugia and developing haplotypes potentially adapted to cold climates. As for P. myosuroides, genetic variants could either indicate a post-glacial immigration history or adaptation to oceanic conditions. Further studies including a larger set of more variable molecular markers could help to reach final conclusions on the results here presente
Influencia de las fases del ciclo menstrual en las variables cinéticas, cinemáticas y psicofisiológicas durante la carrera a pie a distintas intensidades
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana. Fecha de Lectura: 17-01-202
Cumplimentación de la profilaxis con Valganciclovir en receptores de trasplante pulmonar: impacto en el desarrollo de infección y enfermedad por CMV, rechazo agudo, disfunción crónica del injerto y supervivencia
Get PDFTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología. Fecha de Lectura: 29-01-202
Individual changes in neuromuscular performance in the Spanish women’s national football team throughout the 2023 World Cup
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to track the neuromuscular performance of the Spanish national
women’s football team during the 2023 World Cup. Twenty elite women’s football players were assessed four
times during the preparatory and competitive periods. Mean and individual changes in countermovement
jump (CMJ) metrics and estimated one-repetition maximum (1RM) for back squat (BS) and hip thrust (HT)
exercises were tracked. External and differential internal loads were calculated for field sessions. Strength training
load was also monitored using the formula: sets × repetitions × weight × RPE. One-way ANOVA, effect sizes,
and individual response analysis were applied. Significant increases in jump height (p = 0.007; ES = 0.12 to
0.44) and concentric propulsive impulse (p = 0.003; ES = 0.15 to 0.47) were observed in MC9 compared to
the start of the training camp (MC1). The estimated 1RM in BS was greater in MC9 compared to MC1 (p < 0.001;
ES = 1.26 to 2.13), MC4 (p = 0.016; ES = 0.33 to 1.48) and MC6 (p = 0.008; ES = 1.08 to 2.44). Estimated
1RM in HT was greater in MC9 compared to MC1 (p = 0.047; ES = 0.31 to 1.57) and MC4 (p = 0.015;
ES = 0.64 to 1.75). Individual analysis showed a positive response in 83% of players in jump height and BS,
and in 66% in HT. The Spanish women’s football team showed improved neuromuscular performance throughout
the competitive period for the FIFA Women’s 2023 World Cup, especially in the latest stage of the tournament.
These results provide insights into the evolution of neuromuscular performance during tournament schedules
and highlight the sensitivity of neuromuscular performance monitorin