Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMNot a member yet
65432 research outputs found
Sort by
Hand pathology in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study
No full textPurpose This study aims to investigate the factors associated with diabetic hand (DH) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) using a matched case-control design.
Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Spain. Among a cohort of 968 T1D patients, 45 cases of DH were identified. Cases were matched with 90 controls using propensity score matching based on age, sex, diabetes duration, and presence of retinopathy. Clinical data, comorbidities, and glycemic control (HbA1c and continuous glucose monitoring metrics) were collected. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with DH.
Results DH prevalence was 4.6%. Significant associations were found for HbA1c (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.16–3.28; p = 0.011)
and age (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01–1.12; p = 0.012). Cardiovascular disease was more common in DH cases (20.2% vs. 2.2%;
p = 0.005), but it was not independently associated after adjustment. No significant differences were observed for retinopathy, nephropathy, or other microvascular complications.
Conclusions Chronic poor glycemic control, indicated by higher HbA1c, is strongly associated with DH. These findings suggest that DH is a distinct complication of T1D, driven more by hyperglycemia than traditional vascular risk factors. Further research is needed to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms and therapie
Topics on noncommutative Fourier multipliers
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Matemáticas. Fecha de Lectura: 19-09-2025The goal of this thesis is to study an specific kind of algebras, known as von Neumann algebras, with methods coming from real analysis. These methods include the theory of Fourier multipliers, interpolation and maximal operators, among others. Each of these topics is well-stablished in mathematical analysis, not only for their intrinsic value but also for their wide-ranging applications across various fields in mathematics. Here, we aim to investigate how these techniques can be applied within the framework of von Neumann algebrasThe research contained in this PhD thesis has been partially supported by pre-doctoral scholarship PRE2020-093245, the Severo Ochoa Grant CEX2023-001347-5(MICIU), PIE2023-50E106(CSIC), and PID2022-141354NB-I00(MICINN)
Movement disorders: a brief overview from an evolutionary perspective
No full textEvolutionary approach tries to explain several aspects of neurological diseases under the perspective of evolution. Evolutive bottle-neck may explain some aspects of neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, a number of genetic alleles may reflect an evolutionary trade-off between benefits in early life and late-life disadvantages. Antagonistic pleiotropy theory suggests that some adaptive evolutionary changes increase individual fitness early in life, but can exacerbate detrimental aging-related processes We discuss three diseases with movement disorders from an evolutionary perspective: Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Tourette syndrom
Dendrimer-based DNA biosensor for HIV virus detection
No full textIn this work, we propose an innovative electrochemical DNA biosensor for the early, rapid, selective, and sensitive detection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) based on its genetic code. This platform is based on the integration of few-layer bismuthene (FLB) which provides a nanostructured surface and facilitates the anchoring of the DNA dendrimer which incorporates the biorecognition element (a capture probe complementary to the HIV-specific DNA sequence). The hybridization between the capture probe and the specific HIV target sequence is detected using Azure A (AA) as a redox indicator. The dendrimer-based DNA biosensor selectively detects HIV from 10.0 fM to 10.0 pM, exhibit a low detection limit of 3.03 fM and a 60-day stability, and has been validated using plasma samples from infected patients with varying viral loadsThis work was financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the following projects: MCIU-25-RED2024-153970-T, PID2023-150844OB-I00, RED2022- 134120-T, PID2022-138908NB-C31, PDC2021-120782-C21, and TED2021-129738B-I00. Estefanía Enebral-Romero acknowledges funding from the project “Nanotecnología para detección del SARS-CoV-2 y sus variantes (NANOCOV)” and a predoctoral research contract supported by grant CEX2020-001039-S, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033. F.Z. acknowledges support from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities with the grant PID2022-138908NB-C31, from the Community of Madrid, the European Union’s NextGenerationEU programme and the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan, with the “MAD2D-CM-UAM” project, and from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “María de Maeztu” Programme for Units of Excellence in R&D (CEX2023-001316-M). B. G. acknowledges the financial support from the “Ayuda para Contratos Predoctorales para la Formación de Doctores” program of MICINN (PRE2020-093162). Additional support was provided by the European Innovation Council under grant agreement 101047081 (EVA
Oxidación anaerobia de hierro por microorganismos aislados del subsuelo profundo de la Faja Pirítica Ibérica
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de Lectura: 20-06-2025Río Tinto es un ambiente extremo cuyo origen se debe a un biorreactor localizado en el subsuelo de la Faja Pirítica Ibérica (FPI). Estudios previos sugieren que en este biorreactor los sulfuros metálicos y, en concreto, la pirita se estaría disolviendo por el Fe3+ producido por la Oxidación del Fe(II) Dependiente de Nitrato (NDFO por sus siglas en inglés). Por ello, el objetivo de este proyecto era determinar el papel de la NDFO en este ecosistema.
En primer lugar, se llevó a cabo el aislamiento de microorganismos nitrato-reductores y NDFO. Esto resultó en el aislamiento de 28 microorganismos. Estos aislados pertenecen a los géneros Actinotalea, Cellulomonas, Nocardioides, Rhodoplanes y Tessaracoccus, siendo esta la primera vez que se aísla un miembro del género Actinotalea del subsuelo de la FPI.
En segundo lugar, secuenciamos el genoma de trece de los microorganismos aislados del subsuelo de la FPI. El análisis de estos genomas permitió clasificar taxonómicamente a nivel de especie a seis de ellos e identificar a los otros siete como especies nuevas dentro sus respectivos géneros. Además, estudiamos los genomas para determinar el potencial metabólico de estos microorganismos y su papel en los ciclos biogeoquímicos del subsuelo. De esta forma identificamos microorganismos capaces de llevar a cabo metabolismos relevantes en este ambiente como fijación de carbono y de nitrógeno y producción de hidrógeno, entre otros.
El análisis de los genomas también nos permitió identificar potenciales microorganismos NDFO. Por ello, en tercer lugar, estudiamos la capacidad de quince de estos microorganismos de realizar la NDFO. Nuestros resultados confirmaron que todos ellos son capaces de llevar a cabo este metabolismo. Además, pudimos reportar por primera vez la capacidad de once géneros de llevar a cabo la NDFO.
A continuación, estudiamos el efecto que tienen diferentes sustratos minerales sobre la NDFO. Concluimos que minerales que contienen Fe(III), como la hematita, incrementan la oxidación de Fe2+ de este metabolismo, mientras que otros minerales de Fe(II) y sin Fe, como la pirita y el cuarzo, disminuyen esta oxidación. También reportamos el efecto tamponante de las muestras naturales de rocas del subsuelo de la FPI, que evitarían la acidificación del medio derivada de la NDFO.
Finalmente, estudiamos la oxidación de la pirita en condiciones anaerobias y neutras acoplada a la NDFO. Pudimos demostrar que, en estas condiciones, la pirita es oxidada por formas solubles del Fe3+, como el citrato férrico, pero no por formas insolubles, como el FeCl3. Sin embargo, debido a varios problemas metodológicos, no pudimos concluir si los aislados estudiados son capaces de oxidar la pirita en estas condiciones. Pese a ello, hemos podido optimizar los protocolos y diseñar experimentos con los que comprobar la hipótesis de partida de este trabajo en el futuro utilizando tanto pirita natural como pirita sintéticaPara la realización de este proyecto de tesis doctoral se ha contado con un contrato predoctoral perteneciente a la convocatoria para la Formación del Profesorado Universitario (FPU), de los subprogramas de Formación y Movilidad dentro del Programa Estatal de Promoción del Talento y su Empleabilidad en I+D+i, con número de referencia FPU19/0174
PYMGAL : a python package for generating optical mock observations from hydrodynamical simulations
No full textWe introduce PYMGAL , a Python package for generating optical mock observations of galaxies from hydrodynamical simulations. PYMGAL reads the properties of stellar particles from these simulations and generates spectral energy distributions (SEDs) based on a variety of stellar population models that can be customized to fit the user’s choice of applications. Given these SEDs, the program can calculate the brightness of particles in different output units for hundreds of unique filters. These quantities can then be projected to a 2D plane mimicking a telescope observation. The software is compatible with different snapshot formats and allows a flexible selection of models, filters, output units, axes of projection, angular resolutions, fields of view, and more. It also supports additional features including dust attenuation, particle smoothing, and the option to output spectral data cubes and maps of mass, age, and metallicity. These synthetic observations can be used to directly compare the simulated objects to reality in order to model galaxy evolution, study different theoretical models, and investigate different observational effects. This package allows the user to perform fast and consistent comparisons between simulation and observation, leading to a better and more precise understanding of what we see in our UniverseWe acknowledge access to the theoretically modelled galaxy cluster data via THE THREE HUNDRED 1 collaboration. The simulations used in this paper have been performed in the MareNostrum Supercomputer at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center, thanks to CPU time granted by the Red Española de Supercomputación. As part of The Three Hundred project, this work has received financial support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement number 734374, the LACEGAL projec.
PJ acknowledges support from the Centre de recherche en astrophysique du Québec, un regroupement stratégique du FRQNT. He also acknowledges the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), [funding reference number RGPIN-2020-04606]. WC is supported by the Atracción de Talento Contract no. 2020-T1/TIC-19882 granted by the Comunidad de Madrid in Spain, and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) for the Consolidación Investigadora Grant CNS2024-154838. He also thanks the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) for financial support under Project grant PID2021-122603NB-C21 and HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions for support- ing the LACEGAL-III project with grant number 101086388. This work is supported by the China Manned Space Program with grant no. CMS-CSST-2025-A0
Software Performance of the ATLAS Track Reconstruction for LHC Run 3
No full textArtículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMCharged particle reconstruction in the presence of many simultaneous proton–proton (pp) collisions in the LHC is a challenging task for the ATLAS experiment’s reconstruction software due to the combinatorial complexity. This paper describes the major changes made to adapt the software to reconstruct high-activity collisions with an average of 50 or more simultaneous pp interactions per bunch crossing (pile-up) promptly using the available computing resources. The performance of the key components of the track reconstruction chain and its dependence on pile-up are evaluated, and the improvement achieved compared to the previous software version is quantified. For events with an average of 60pp collisions per bunch crossing, the updated track reconstruction is twice as fast as the previous version, without significant reduction in reconstruction efficiency and while reducing the rate of combinatorial fake tracks by more than a factor twoWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Türkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’Avenir Labex, Investissements d’Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom
Functionalized N95 face mask with a chemical-free paper-based collector for exhaled breath analysis: SARS-CoV-2 detection with a printed immunosensor as a case study
No full textExhaled breath electrochemical sensing is a promising biomedical technology owing to its portability, painlessness, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendliness. Here, we present a novel approach for target analysis in exhaled breath by integrating a comfortable paper-based collector into an N95 face mask, providing a universal solution for analyzing several biomarkers. As a model analyte, we detected SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from the exhaled breath by sampling the target analyte into the collector, followed by its detection out of the N95 face mask using a magnetic bead-based electrochemical immunosensor. This approach was designed to avoid any contact between humans and the chemicals. To simulate human exhaled breath, untreated saliva samples were nebulized on the paper collector, revealing a detection limit of 1 ng/mL and a wide linear range of 3.7-10,000 ng/mL. Additionally, the developed immunosensor exhibited high selectivity toward the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, compared to other airborne microorganisms, aL.G.-G. was financed by the Formacio\u0301n del Profesorado Universitario (FPU) grant (FPU19/06309) and the Ayudas complementarias de movilidad destinadas a beneficiarios del programa FPU grant (EST23/00535) from the Spanish Ministry of Universities. E.L. and T.G.-M. thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PID2020-116728RB-I00, RED2022-134120-T) and Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (TED2021-129738B\u2013I00). F.A. thanks the PRIN2022 project SMARTMASK4CF, Gen. F. Lista, Dr. N. D\u2019Amore, Defence Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy for the RT-PCR analysis of the positive patient
Lecciones de relaciones y organizaciones económicas internacionales (ROEI): Curso 2023-2024
Get PDFEn los últimos años, los avances tecnológicos han sido tan relevantes, que explicar las relaciones económicas internacionales y las organizaciones económicas intergubernamentales requiere un nuevo planteamiento. La fusión de los conceptos de globalización y robótica está dando lugar a una nueva subetapa de la Nueva Globalización, que Richard Baldwin ha bautizado con el término Globótica. La llegada a la presidencia de Estados Unidos de Donald Trump en enero de 2025 parece que va a implicar importantes cambios en las reglas que han estado regulando las relaciones económicas internacionales en los últimos años, en las que cada vez será más relevante la geopolítica. Lo mismo va a suceder con la arquitectura institucional económica, monetaria, financiera, comercial y migratoria internacionales. Cambiarán las reglas de la globalización, si bien las nuevas tecnologías y las interconexiones de las economías de los países y de las grandes empresas transnacionales dificultarán cualquier intento de limitarla. Se podría llegar a pasar del Telón de Acero al Telón del Silicio. El libro está dividido en cinco bloques, con dos lecciones cada uno. La primera dedicada a las relaciones económicas específicas y la segunda a la(s) organización(es) que la(s) regula(n). Constituyen una introducción para los alumnos que estudian estos tema