Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
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Literatura y conflicto armado en Colombia en el siglo XXI: cuerpo, guerra, poder y odio
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Departamento de Linguística, Lenguas Modernas, Lógica y Fª de la Ciencia y Tª de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada. Fecha de Lectura: 14-05-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 14-11-2025Esta investigación hace un análisis de seis novelas colombianas publicadas entre 2009 y 2022 que incorporan el odio en el contexto del conflicto interno que ha vivido el país. Se toman como referencia las diferentes manifestaciones del odio en relación con la violencia: la degradación de los cuerpos, las complejidades de la guerra, las dinámicas de poder y el discurso del odio. De este modo, en la investigación se indaga por temas como la tortura, el terrorismo, la impunidad, el control territorial y los efectos del discurso del odio. Para su óptimo desarrollo se identifica cómo los autores y las autoras abordan el odio en sus obras para reflejar la construcción social de la guerra en Colombia. Este trabajo aporta perspectivas sobre cómo el odio opera en diversos ámbitos y sus consecuencias en las víctimas y en la sociedad colombianaThis research analyzes six Colombian novels published between 2009 and 2022 that incorporate hatred in the context of the internal conflict that the country has experienced. The different manifestations of hatred in relation to violence are taken as a reference: the degradation of bodies, the complexities of war, the dynamics of power and the discourse of hatred. In this way, the research inquiries into issues such as torture, terrorism, impunity, territorial control, and the effects of hate speech. For its optimal development, it identifies how the authors address hatred in their works to reflect the social construction of war in Colombia. This work provides perspectives on how hatred operates in various areas and its consequences for victims and Colombian societ
Entrando en la era del big data en astroquímica cuántica: Una base de datos de moléculas potencialmente detectables en el medio interestelar
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química. Fecha de Lectura: 24-05-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 24-11-2025This thesis is devoted to the generation of spectroscopic data of potentially detectable molecules in the interstellar
medium, with the purpose of assisting in their possible identification in different astrophysical environments.
Furthermore, for the benefict of the scientific community, such data were collected, and a repository has been
created to facilitate access and analysis of the information, allowing to make decisions driven by such novel
and solid data. To this end, complementary approaches and methods were used to study molecular systems
containing noble gas atoms, more specifically noble gas hydrides. In particular, a detailed analysis of the potential
interactions is presented, as described by reference data from high level ab initio electronic structure calculations,
and their representation via machine learning schemes, that were used to provide characteristic structural
and spectroscopic properties of these systems. Thus, the present work has been divided into five parts: (I)
study of diatomic systems, (II) analysis of automated learning models for the construction of potential energy
surfaces, (III) study of triatomic systems, (IV) study of higher-order aggregates by increasing size of noble gas
atoms, and (V) design and construction of the CYGNUS database. In the first part of the thesis, the smallest
possible noble gas hydrides, light and heavy diatomic molecules of noble gases are studied. Various high quality
electronic structure calculations were performed and evaluated, by comparing with available information in the
literature. We have found that the CCSD(T)/CBS calculations generate the most accurate results among the set
of methods employed in the study. Likewise, rovibrational levels and spectroscopic constants were determined
for the most stable isotopomers of these compounds. In the second part, the complexity of the study systems
has been increased by incorporating a new ligand (noble gas or hydrogen atom) into the diatomic molecules
with the aim of analyzing different state-of-the-art automated learning models, such as neural networks and
kernel methods, by varying the size of the training set data and evaluating their efficiency and computational
cost, as well as the corresponding mean-square errors of such trials. In general terms, it was observed that for
small molecular systems the RKHS method produces the most reliable predictions in a shorter time. In the third
part, the conclusions regarding electronic structure methods and machine learning models were used to generate
potential energy surfaces for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems of noble gas hydride trimers. These
potentials were used to carry out quantum calculations that allow to obtain the bound states of such systems
and their most stable isotopomers. In the fourth part, a step forward is taken in the study of larger size noble
gas aggregates. On the basis of MP2/CCSD(T)-F12 ab initio calculations, optimized structures and energies
were generated for compounds containing between 3 and 9 noble gas atoms. Moreover, ab intio calculations at
specific configurations were reported and model potentials through the sum-of potentials approach considering
two-, three- and four-body interaction terms were adapted to indentify equilibrium structures and energies of
such clusters, and such data were then compared with existing experimemtal measurments. Finally, in the fifth
part, a database (CYGNUS) is developed through the design and creation of different user-friendly modules
in the DENEB environment (software licensed by Atelgraphics S.L.). To that end, Java programming language
within the Netbeans development environment has been used, while version control has been carried out with
Git, and other technologies, such as SQL have been employed for data storage and organization. The oucome of
the thesis focused on the computational characterization of noble gas molecules, is expected to trigger further
investigations on accuracy issues on spectroscopic properties, contributing new data into the CYGNUS library
database on similar molecular systems, ensuring a gain from current investments
Nuevos modelos animales deficientes de Rasa1 para el estudio del cáncer de mama y otras patologías
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica. Fecha de Lectura: 24-05-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 24-11-202
Síntesis catalítica de precursores de polímeros renovables desde el furfural: ácido succínico y ciclopentanona oxima
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Física Aplicada. Fecha de Lectura: 10-05-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 10-11-202
Espectroscopía Joule y efectos de calentamiento en nanodispositivos híbridos superconductores-semiconductores
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada. Fecha de Lectura: 28-06-2024Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 28-12-2025The last decade has witnessed an intensive exploration of hybrid superconductorsemiconductor
nanostructures, which offer highly tunable platforms with great
potential for quantum technology applications. This thesis focuses on the investigation
of heating effects in such hybrid structures. While there are only a few works
addressing heat transport in these systems, the consequences can be important
considering the high sensitivity of related devices to increased temperatures.
Our work introduces a novel technique dubbed "Joule spectroscopy", which detects
the Joule effect-driven transitions of superconducting parts of a device to the
normal state by means of transport measurements. In addition to presenting its
basic working principle, I will also discuss our development of different applications
for the technique, while applying it to devices based on full-shell InAs-Al nanowires
operating in the Little-Parks regime.
First, I will show that Joule spectroscopy can be used as a powerful characterization
tool for the different superconducting elements of a hybrid device, providing a device
"fingerprint", which is particularly useful owing to the significant variability in
fabricated devices. We unveil differences in the superconducting coherence lengths,
inhomogeneous coverage of the epitaxial shell, and the inverse superconducting
proximity effect. In addition, our work underscores the existence of severe heat
bottlenecks in hybrid devices. Moreover, I show how Joule spectroscopy enables to
discriminate between different cooling mechanisms for distinct superconducting
elements in a device. At the superconducting transition temperature, we find that
the main cooling mechanism for grounded and floating superconductors is quasiparticle
diffusion and electron-phonon coupling, respectively, which demonstrates
that floating superconductors are particularly susceptible to heating. Finally, we
address whether Joule spectroscopy can be used to gain insights into the density
of states of superconductors in a hybrid device.
Altogether, this work advances our understanding of thermal transport in hybrid
superconductor-semiconductor devices, which will contribute to their more reliable
and optimized integration into quantum technologiesEsta última década ha sido testigo de un intensa exploración de nanoestructuras
híbridas superconductor-semiconductor, postulándose como una plataforma con
un gran potencial para aplicaciones en tecnologías cuánticas. Sin embargo, a pesar
de ser uno de los dispositivos más prometedores en este ámbito, hay muy pocos
trabajos en los que se trate la generación y el transporte de calor en estos materiales
híbridos, pudiendo ser éstos aspectos esenciales para el correcto funcionamiento de
distintas tecnológicas cuánticas. Esta tesis, por tanto, se centra en la investigación
de los efectos de calentamiento y enfriamiento (propiedades térmicas) en dichos
dispositivos híbridos.
Más concretamente, nuestro trabajo introduce una técnica novedosa denominada
"espectroscopía por efecto Joule", la cual, a través de medidas de transporte
eléctrico, detecta una transción del estado superconductor al normal debido a
efectos de calentamiento Joule. Además de presentar su principio de funcionamiento
básico, también discutiré las diferentes aplicaciones que hemos encontrado para esta
técnica, –concretamente aplicada a nanohilos semiconductores de InAs recubiertos
epitaxialmente por una capa continua de aluminio (superconductor), y en el régimen
de Little-Parks–.
En primer lugar se demuestra que la espectroscopía Joule puede implementarse como
una poderosa herramienta de caracterización de los elementos superconductores
en un dispositivo híbrido, proporcionando una rápida "huella" del dispositivo,
algo que es especialmente útil debido a la gran variabilidad de un dispositivo a
otro. Así, somos capaces de revelar diferencias en las longitudes de coherencia
superconductora, estudiar la homogeneidad de la capa epitaxial y descubir el
efecto de proximidad superconductora inversa. Además, nuestro trabajo pone de
manifiesto la existencia cuellos de botella significativamente altos para el transporte
térmico en los dispositivos híbridos. También se muestra en esta tesis cómo ésta
técnica permite distinguir nítidamente entre diferentes mecanismos de enfriamiento
para distintos elementos superconductores del material híbrido a la temperatura
crítica del superconductor. Por un lado, encontramos que el mecanismo principal
de enfriamiento para superconductores conectados a tierra se da por difusión de
quasiparticulas, mientras que superconductores flotando (islas superconductoras)
es el acoplamiento electrón-fonón el mecanismo principal de enfriamiento, lo que
demuestra que las islas son particularmente susceptibles a efectos de calentamiento.
Finalmente, abordamos la cuestión de si la espectroscopía Joule puede utilizarse
para obtener información sobre la densidad de estados de los superconductores en
un dispositivo híbrido.
En conjunto, este trabajo representa un paso más hacia la comprensión de
las propiedades de transporte térmico en dispositivos híbridos superconductorsemiconductor,
lo que podría contribuir a su adaptación, optimización y escalabilidad
en el campo de las tecnologías cuántica
Utilization of biowaste through hydrothermal treatment. Production of organic amendments and biogas
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Fecha de Lectura: 28-06-2024Esta Tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 28-12-2025La realización del presente trabajo ha sido posible gracias al apoyo económico del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2019-108445RB-I00; PDC2021-120755-I00; TED2021-1302827B-100), y de la Comunidad de Madrid (BIOTRES, S2018/EMT-4344; PEJD-2019 -PRE/AMB AMB-14231
Moderators analysis in meta-analysis: Meta-regression and subgroups analysis
No full textEdición en inglés en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cireng.2024.03.01
El pensamiento de Gilbert Murray en España. Traducción, edición y difusión de "La Historia de la Literatura Clásica Griega"
No full textShort-term effects of red deer overabundance on herbaceous communities in Mediterranean woody ecosystems
No full textHerbaceous communities are vital for biodiversity in forests and scrublands. Herbivory influences their cover, richness, and diversity. Overabundant herbivores disrupt these communities and ecosystem processes. In recent decades, vast territories (e.g., North America, Europe) have experienced a remarkable increase in deer (Cervidae) populations. However, few studies have examined the effects of increasing ungulate densities in different Mediterranean habitats. This study explores the short-term impacts of red deer overabundance on the cover, richness, and diversity (taxonomic and functional) of herbaceous layers in Mediterranean scrublands and forests to guide management. In three enclosures across two habitats (scrubland and oak forest), we manipulated deer densities: control (no deer), high density (18–63 deer/km 2 ), and hyper density (58–113 deer/km 2 ). Herbaceous species occurrence and cover were recorded in 90 quadrats (50 × 50 cm), alongside bibliographic data for six functional traits. Herbaceous cover, richness, and diversity (taxonomic and functional) were analysed with Generalized Linear Mixed Models. Hyper deer density negatively affected herbaceous cover, taxonomic richness, and diversity in both forests and scrublands. The high density treatment already showed a clear trend towards reducing these three variables that were heavily increased for the hyper density scenario (e.g. 84.2 % cover loss in the scrubland and 64.2 % in the forest). Functional diversity remained unchanged, likely due to a > 40-year legacy of deer herbivory favoring traits typical of grazing areas. Deer overabundance is causing rapid, drastic changes in herbaceous communities, even in short term. Managers should reduce deer populations to protect these communities, which offer high-quality forage and essential ecological rolesThis work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science -Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades-through the INCREMENTO coordinated project (RTI2018-094202-BC21 and RTI2018-094202-A-C22) and RESTAURA project (PID2023-150697OR-C22). This research was partly supported by the Grant Reference TED2021–129923B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and, by the “European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR
On an asymmetry in temporal interpretation constraints of events and states
No full textEn español, los estados exhiben una lectura episódica en presente simple, mientras que la
lectura no marcada de un predicado de evento es «temporalmente desplazada», sea prospectiva,
habitual o genérica. Un patrón similar se manifiesta en las construcciones con valor modal
epistémico, como el futuro simple o la perífrasis deber + infinitivo. El objetivo de este
trabajo es abordar una asimetría (en general poco atendida previamente) en las restricciones
aspectuales de ambos contextos: mientras que, con el presente, la lectura episódica de los
eventos puede ser «rescatada» en distintos contextos, la modalidad epistémica impone
una restricción «fuerte» o no negociable discursivamente. Nuestra propuesta es derivar
esta asimetría de las distintas condiciones de anclaje temporal del presente simple y de la
modalidad epistémica. Mientras que, en ambos casos, el anclaje se produce en C, nuestra
hipótesis consiste en que solo en las construcciones de modalidad epistémica C está ocupado
por un estado epistémico (no verídico) (Giannakidou y Mari, 2017), que opera como un
tiempo de referencia puntual; en cambio, el presente simple deja semánticamente libre el
dominio C, que puede estar ocupado, bien por un estado epistémico (verídico), bien por
un evento, típicamente de percepción, que admite la coincidencia temporal con eventos.
Evidencia independiente de este análisis se obtiene al considerar la relación temporal entre,
por un lado, verbos que expresan léxicamente estados epistémicos y eventos de percepción
y, por otro, las formas no finitas con las que se combinanIn Spanish, states exhibit an episodic reading in present simple, while the unmarked reading
received by event predicates is ‘temporally shifted’, be that prospective, habitual, or generic.
A similar pattern is shown by epistemic modal constructions, as future simple or the
periphrasis deber ‘must’ + infinitive. The main aim of this work is to address an asymmetry
(in general scarcely attended previously) in the aspectual restrictions displayed by both
contexts: while events with an episodic reading can be ‘rescued’ in different ways, epistemic
modality imposes a ‘strong’ or non-discursively negotiable restriction. We propose to derive
this asymmetry from the different conditions of temporal anchoring for the present simple
and epistemic modality. Although both anchorings take place in the C layer, we advance the
hypothesis that only epistemic modality constructions have a C layer occupied by a (non
veridical) epistemic state (Giannakidou y Mari, 2017), which works as a punctual temporal
reference. In contrast, present simple leave unoccupied the C layer, which can therefore be
filled by either a (veridical) epistemic state or an event, typically a perception one, which
allows temporal coincidence with events. Independent evidence for this analysis comes
from the temporal relationship between, on the one hand, verbs expressing epistemic states
and perception events and, on the other, the non-finite verbal forms they combine wit