Food System Dynamics (E-Journals)
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Evaluation of the Economic Impacts of the European Rural Development Program in Austria
Get PDFThe results of an ongoing evaluation process of EU subsidies of the European Rural Development Programme 2014-20 are presented (2nd intermediary report). By means of personal interviews of subsidised companies in the Austrian food and beverage sector, the impact of subsidies on profitability, competitiveness, and related variables are approximated. Data sources are, amongst others, conventional business data collected by personal face-to-face interviews, as well as financial statements of companies. The results show that subsidies in general have positive effects. In addition, two third of the sample would change their investments significantly or even refrain from investing at all without public support
User Acceptance of New Technology in Mandatory Adoption Scenario for Food Distribution in India
Get PDFUbiquitous utilization of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has led the governments of various countries to use ICTs in public administration and social welfare initiatives. Direct use of e-governance technology by citizens in developing countries is hindered by lack of training, education and infrastructure. This makes it inevitable to employ intermediary users who can bridge this gap between technology use and beneficiaries. Analyzing the technology adoption behavior of intermediaries could help policy makers and designers of e-governance technologies to create devices, processes and training programs that target the factors that inhibit as well as encourage the use of ICTs among technology users. We study the effect of technology characteristics and users’ internal traits on technology satisfaction of intermediaries who are mandated by the government to use android tablets in order to provide efficient services to end-users in the Indian food security supply chain. We further translate the results into tangible recommendations in context of infrastructure, users’ traits, business performance, and technology and policy design. The research model proposes that certain technology characteristics (screen design, technology relevance and terminology) and users’ internal traits (resistance to change, technology anxiety, trust in internet and result demonstrability) influence their technology satisfaction, either directly or indirectly through UTAUT constructs. Results indicated that resistance to change, technology anxiety, trust in internet, screen design and terminology had an impact on ICT users’ technology adoption behavior. Result demonstrability and technology relevance were found to have no effect on technology satisfaction in case of mandatory use
Knowledge management and organizational innovation based on the government-company-academy-producers alliance to reactivate the robusta coffee chain, in ecuador
Get PDFThe progress of the country and the welfare of the people depends on productivity, as an indicator of efficiency in the use of natural resources, capital and human talent. Ecuador is going through a deep crisis in the production of coffee where demand is much greater than supply with 1,560,000 bags of deficit, mainly of robusta coffee. In this scenario, eleven universities have formed the University Network of Coffee Research and Development (REDUCAFÉ), the cooperation agreements of the universities with the National Association of Coffee Exporters (ANECAFÉ) and the company Solubles Instantáneos C.A., collaborative agreements between companies, producer organizations, universities and the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIAP) are managed to build sustainable coffee production. The university proposes to implement a knowledge management and organizational innovation model based on the "Government + Company + Academy + Producers" (GEAP) alliance, with the objective of taking advantage of the present and future value of the knowledge assets of the coffee chain and increase efficiency in the production, transformation and commercialization of coffee, in order to improve the living conditions of coffee farmers and contribute to the economic growth of Ecuador
Economic Effects of a Potential Foodborne Disease: Potential Relationship between Mycobacterium Avium Subs. Paratuberculosis (MAP) in Dairy and Crohn’s in Humans
Get PDFWelfare costs of a potential food shock were estimated by disseminating information to milk drinkers on the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium sub. paratuberculosis (MAP) in the U.S. milk supply, its potential linkage to Crohn’s disease in humans, and subsequent government intervention to minimize MAP in the milk supply. We found that 19.6% of milk consumers exposed to MAP information would stop milk consumption at current market prices, and that only 5% of those would return to their original milk consumption levels after the government intervention. Societal costs of the food shock after the intervention were estimated at $18.2 billion
Effects of Climate Change on the Long-run Crops’ Yields in Nigeria
Get PDFThe study investigated the impact of climate change on yields of leading food crops in Nigeria and assessed the transmission channels of climate shocks to welfare. Long-run causality test, Markov-switching regression and Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) model were used. Long-run causality between climate change and crop yields was not rejected. A rise in temperature by 1% reduces crop yields by -0.12% in the regime of high yield while 1% increase in rainfall increases yields by 0.21% and 0.26%, respectively in high and low yield period. Shocks to welfare is traceable to climate change via crop yields and food prices effect
Differences in Production Costs Across Compliance Scenarios for Canadian Cow-Calf Producers Accessing the EU Market
Get PDFUsing the 2016 Canada EU Trade Agreement as context, we develop a systems dynamics model to assess changes in the cost of production from a production system oriented toward the North American market where growth enhancing products are allowed, to a European market where these production practices are banned. We outline four different compliance scenarios and use data from western Canadian institutions to estimate how the cost of production for cow-calf producers changes in the different compliance scenarios. We find that compliance costs ranged from 34.78 per head for farms who were least compliant with EU standards
Determining Factors that Affect Farming in the Albanian Milk Sector
Get PDFIn Albania, the agricultural sector is dominated to almost 60% by subsistence farming. Nevertheless, agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the economy, as it contributes to nearly 1/2 of employment in Albania and 1/5 to the GDP (ILO - International Labour Organisation, 2018).The government has applied different policies and instruments in collaboration with foreign associations (GIZ, FAO) to improve and further develop this sector by inviting farmers in new initiatives.Being part of an innovative organisation or being an innovative actor in terms of the role you play and functions you carry out in the value chain, are still considered as impasse by the majority of farmers in Albania. As a result, innovation and risk-taking are two factors that are contrary but strongly related to each other when it comes to the behaviour of Albanian farmers
Behavioural Differences among Educated Young Consumers in the Czech Republic: The Case of Organic Cheese Consumption
Get PDFThis study aims to identify behavioural differences between consumers who are driven by different sets of attitudes toward information related to food in their purchasing, including consumers who display rational behaviour. Although this study investigated “spill over” changes in attitude or behaviour (e.g. the use of information about food ingredients), the survey data were used to calculate the probability of behavioural differences between consumers. The survey involving 909 respondents from chosen Czech universities. Data were analysed by MultiCorrespondence Analysis to investigate the association between several attitudes towards information on labelling, and consumer behaviour. In the second step, the ordered probit model probability of consumer behaviour was processed. There are two clusters of consumers: The first consumer segment was called “rationality involvement consumer”. They have a certain tendency to need to know what a product contains, the nutritional value of a product, and how to maintain the biological value of a product. The second consumer segment was called “non-rationality involvement consumer”. They have a certain tendency to not need to know what a product contains, thenutrition value of product, or how to maintain the biological value of a product
The Link between Food Traceability and Food Labels in the Perception of Young Consumers in Italy
Get PDFThe research analyzed the perception of food traceability among consumers in Italy and the role of food labels in supporting consumer information about food traceability. The components (health, quality, product origin and many others) that are involved in the concept of food traceability were examined and the most important ones were identified. An online survey (n=511 consumers) was carried out in Milan in the north of Italy. Students and employees from the Bocconi University were selected in order to investigate the relevance of food traceability in consumer purchasing decisions. An ordered logit regression was applied.The findings confirm that consumers are interested in various components of food traceability and look for labels that provide information on the product supply chain. The research confirms that traceability is important in the food market and some types of labels on product features (as product sustainability or origin) are associated with it
Federal Nutritional Guidance and the Politics of Science: A Tale of Regulatory Capture
Get PDFThis paper examines US government involvement in nutrition and agriculture. Specifically, it attempts to explain the existence of conflicting information presented by scientific versus government sources in the food pyramid. We start by examining the theory of the politicization of science and regulatory capture. We then examine federal nutrition advice through this theoretical framework. The paper concludes that the negative consequences of federal intervention for everyday Americans call for an alternative approach of decentralization, with an emphasis on private regulators, with government ticking to its core functions, rather than engaging in politicized favoritism