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Long Survival after Resection of Small Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas with Synchronous Adenocarcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater
Get PDFSmall cell carcinoma of the pancreas is very rare and the patient usually died within 1 year after diagnosis. We reported an unusual case with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas and a synchronous moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater in a 44-year-old male, who was successfully treated with pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy and post-operative cisplatin-based chemoradiation therapy. The follow-up data showed no evidence of recurrence and the patient is in a good health condition at 117 months after the surgery
Late Recurrence of Prostate Cancer Presenting as a Renal Mass
Get PDFIntroduction: Prostatic carcinoma has variable course of disease progression. Patients with metastasis from prostate cancer can present with varying symptoms.Presentation of case: We report a rare case of prostate cancer with renal metastasis 16yrs following radical prostatectomy. Patient presented with rising PSA levels ten years after his prostatectomy. Although his disease stabilized for a three year period on androgen deprivation therapy, he ultimately died from progression of his renal metastasis.Conclusions: While prostate cancer can take an indolent course, some patients can have metastatic disease even years after the initial “curative” treatment. Thus long-term follow-up is crucial in patients with prostate cancer, even many years following initial curative treatment.
Anticancer Drugs Induced Chromosomal Rearrangements in Lymphocytes of Breast Cancer Patients
Get PDF Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in women around the world. Chromosomal rearrangements are known to play important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer. In case of breast cancer, chromosomal changes are detectable at all stages of tumour development providing excellent opportunity for prognosis and therapy. Present work aimed to study the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and satellite associations in human peripheral blood lymphocyte culture of freshly diagnosed breast cancer patients after in vitro exposure to combination of anticancer drug treatment. The present study reveals that, combination of anticancer drugs significantly increases chromosomal aberrations without altering the frequency of satellite associations
Retroviral Interferon- α Gene Transfer Potentiates Paclitaxel against Ovarian Cancer Cells
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel following introduction of the retroviral interferon- α (IFN- α) gene into epithelial ovarian cancer cells.Design: Experimental molecular study.Setting: University hospital research center. Sample: Epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines OV-2774 and SKOV3. Empty vector was used as control.Methods: The cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel on ovarian cancer cells were studied prior to and after transfection with the retrovirus-mediated inteferon- α gene. RT/PCR of the interferon gene, cell survival and cell death were analyzed to assess retroviral interferon- α gene expression after transfection.Results: Paclitaxel inhibited cell growth in a dose dependent manner with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 7.5 ng/ml. Retroviral inteferon- α gene transfer-transduced cells potentiated paclitaxel response against both ovarian cancer cell lines by 68%.Conclusion: Retrovirus-mediated IFN- α gene transfer enhanced paclitaxel cytotoxicity on ovarian cancer cells. Retroviral IFN- α gene transfer in combination with paclitaxel may have significant clinical utility for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancers
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Scalp as a Cause of Recurrent Operations
Get PDFIntroduction: Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PACC) is a rare slow-growing tumor. Presentation of the case: We report a 62 year-old woman presented with a nodular lesion on the scalp who had three operations before for recurring lesion at the same localization. In the operation, we detected a lesion which was adherent to thesubcutaneous tissue. The lesion was firm and gray-white colored, and invading the surrounding soft tissues. According to histopathological findings, the patient diagnosed with adenoid cystic carcinoma. Conclusions: Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor that the etiology, origin, and treatment are still controversial. The metastases must be ruled out from other sites, especially from the salivary glands after the its pathological diagnosis
Preservation of Ovarian Function in Young Women with Gynecologic Cancer Desiring Future Pregnancy: A Review
Get PDFObjective: The aim of this paper is to present an overview of available published methods for preservation of ovarian function and fertility in young patients with gynecologic malignancies who desire to maintain their child-bearing capacity or ovarian function. Methods: A Medline search was conducted and published articles from American and European studies from 1984 to present were reviewed. The effect of cancer treatment on reproductive capacity and different methods of fertility preservation with their reproductive outcomes and ovarian function and long term side effects are presented.Results: The pregnancy rate in patients with gynecologic malignancies varies according to the type of the malignancy, stage of disease, treatment modalities, and other factors such as patient’s age and reproductive capacity, status of sexual partner, and potential for surrogacy. The highest success rates of pregnancy have been reported in patients who had fertility-sparing surgery and utilized assisted reproduction technology.Conclusion: Today, higher cure rates and longer survival are a result of early cancer detection and treatment. In conjunction with the advances in assisted reproduction and fertility , the preservation of ovarian function and fertility has become a major part of contemporary patient care and should be offered to any young patient with gynecologic cancer. These alternative options are appropriate only in highly selective patients with good prognoses. A multidisciplinary approach and collaboration between other related disciplines might optimize a successful outcome in these patients
Organ Specific Cancer Incidence in an Industrial Sub-district: A Population-based Study with 12 Years Follow-up
Get PDFBackground: Although emissions from petrochemical industries have been recognized as a cause of an increased in cancer deaths, its contribution to specific organ cancer incidence has not been investigated in a cohort study with an adequate sample size.Objectives: To assess the association between organ specific cancer incidence and living in industrial subdistrict compared to other areas in Israel after controlling for socio- demographic variables.Methods: Retrospective cohort study using baseline measurements from the Central Bureau of Statistics 1995 census living in the Haifa subdistrict, which houses major industrial facilities in Israel, compared to the rest of Israel. The census database was linked with the Israel Cancer Registry for cancer data. Smoking prevalence data was obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics 1996/7 and 1999/2000 health surveys.Results: A total of 175704 persons were included with a total of 8034 cancer cases. The mean age was 31 years (range: 0-101 years). In the analysis including all the target population the hazard ratio to develop cancer comparing Haifa subdistrict to non- Haifa was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.11-1.21, p0.001) after adjusted for age, gender, Jews vs. non-Jews and continent of birth. Compared to the incidence in the rest of Israel, the Haifa subdistrict population had an elevated hazard ratio of lung, head and neck, colorectal, gastric and esophagus, bladder and cervical carcinoma. In discrepancy with this observation, people in the Haifa sub-district do not smoke more than in the rest of Israel.Conclusions: We report an increased risk of developing cancer in a heavily industrialized sub-district, mainly among sites which are very similar to cancer sites caused by smoking
Anticarcinogenic Effect of Probiotic Dahi and Piroxicam on DMH-induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats
Get PDFThis study examined the therapeutic effects of probiotic Dahi containing Lactobacillus acidophilus LaVK2 and Lactobacillus plantarum Lp9, alone or as well as in combination with piroxicam (PXC) as an antioxidant agent in male Wistar rats administered 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH). Colorectal carcinogenesis was induced by injecting DMH subcutaneously (40 mg/kg body weight) twice a week for 2 weeks. The rats were fed with buffalo milk or probiotic Dahi alone or in combination with PXC in addition to basal diet ad libitum and euthanized at 8th, 16th and 32nd week of the experiment and examined for biochemical and histopathological profile. A significant reduction in lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in liver and colorectal tissue, and carcinogen activating enzyme measured as b-glucuronidase activity in faeces were observed in probiotic Dahi-DMH-PXC group compared with the DMH control group. Probiotic Dahi alone or in combination with PXC was showed a significant (P 0.05) protective effect by lowering the levels of TBARS, faecal b-glucuronidase and by enhancing the activity GST in liver and colorectal tissues, correlated with decreased tumor incidence, tumor multiplicity and tumor volume in gastrointestinal (GI) tract in DMH induced rats. These observations suggest that probiotic Dahi alone or conjointly with PXC may have therapeutic potential in attenuation of carcinogenesis in GI tract
Temozolomide for Anaplastic Astrocytoma: A Case Report of Aplastic Anemia, Sustained Treatment Response, and Spontaneous Marrow Recovery
Get PDFIntroduction:Temozolomide is an alkylating agent used in the treatment of high-grade glioma. Rarely, it can induce an aplastic anemia that is usually rapidly fatal if the patient is unable to undergo a bone marrow transplant. This is the first case report of a temozolomide-induced aplastic anemia in an anaplastic astrocyoma patient, and of spontaneous complete marrow recovery with supportive care.Presentation of Case: 21 year old Caucasian female presented with pancytopenia after 39 days of temozolomide at 75mg/m2/day concurrent with radiation. Hematologic nadir occurred and aplastic anemia was diagnosed 3 months after the first dose of temzolomide. She required multiple platelet and red cell transfusions in addition to granulocyte colony stimulating factor therapy. During this time, the patient also became pregnant and delivered a healthy baby. With supportive care, the patient's white cell count recovered after 6 months, red cell count after 1.5 years, and platelets after 3 years. Her tumour remains stable more than 4 years after temozolomide and radiation with no further treatment.Conclusions:Aplastic anemia may occur with low-dose temozolomide. Spontaneous marrow recovery using only supportive care is possible following temozolomide-induced aplastic anemia
Heller-Döhle Syndrome: A Rare Case of Syphilitic Aortitis with Calified Ascending Aortic Aneurysm in an Elderly Lady
Get PDFBackground: Tertiary syphilis with cardiovascular complications are a rarity in the antibiotic era in developed nations although diagnoses of syphilitic aortitis is not uncommon in developing countries. It usually presents in the 4th to 5th decade of life and is unusual in the elderly. Aortic aneurysms and aortic regurgitation due to aortic root dilatation is the usual presentation. Nevertheless, it can remain undetected for the duration of its latent period which may extend upto 40 years and is often diagnosed on routine evaluation.Presentation of Case: We report a case of an 82 year old south indian lady who presented with clinical features of aortic regurgitation who was found to have a large calcified ascending aortic aneurysm with no neurological manifestations.Conclusion: We discuss the diagnostic challenge due to the unusually long latent period in our patient, the epidemiologic concerns, treatment options and possible complications