EJurnal Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
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Who Executes Justice? Comparative Institutional Paths from Verdict to Prison
No full textThis article examines sentence-execution control in Indonesia, Thailand, and Tajikistan through the distinction between the Verdict Executor and the Criminal Executor as a basis for penitentiary law reform. It starts from the premise that the post-trial stage, particularly the enforcement of imprisonment, remains one of the least theorized yet most crucial parts of criminal procedure, with direct implications for legal certainty, institutional accountability, and prisoners’ human rights. Using normative legal research and a functional comparative approach, the study analyzes criminal sentence-execution systems, justice and imprisonment frameworks, relevant laws and regulations, institutional structures, and supervisory mechanisms in the three countries. The findings show important differences in the allocation of powers and functions between supervisory and executive bodies. Indonesia reflects an integrated model in which prosecutorial authority extends to the admission of convicts and the administration of sentences. By contrast, Thailand and Tajikistan adopt more differentiated institutional arrangements, with specialized and relatively independent bodies responsible for penitentiary supervision. The analysis concludes that judicial supervision of sentence enforcement and the execution of criminal punishment involve distinct doctrinal functions that should be institutionally separated. Such separation would reduce overlapping authority, minimize conflict, and improve systemic order and efficiency. In this context, the article argues that autonomous supervision of sentence execution should be recognized as a doctrinal category within criminal procedure law. It further proposes electronic supervision as a regulatory and procedural instrument to strengthen transparency, proportionality, and human rights compliance during the execution stage. Overall, the research demonstrates that without effective supervision of sentence execution, meaningful reform of the sentence-enforcement system and the rule of law remains unattainable
Restorative Justice in Law Enforcement of Banking Crimes : How it's Works?
No full textThe escalating complexity of contemporary banking crimes is fundamentally catalyzed by the rapid evolution of digital technologies and the extensive globalization of financial transaction. The Financial Services Authority's Annual Report shows an increase in the number of resolved banking crimes in 2023, from 13 (thirteen) cases to 18 (eighteen) in 2024. The principle of restorative justice, which prioritizes restoring the condition of the injured party, has become a new concept in enforcing banking crime law, apart from the criminal sanctions that has been applied. It is of particular interest to undertake research regarding how the principle of restorative justice is applied in the current law enforcement of banking crimes. This research engages normative juridical approach with analytical descriptive specifications. The application of the restorative justice principle in enforcing banking crime law is through a non-prosecution mechanism which provides an opportunity for parties suspected of committing banking crimes at the investigation stage to apply for resolution of violations of laws and regulations in the banking sector to the Financial Services Authority. Once the Financial Services Authority investigator approves the application, the applicant is obliged to carry out the agreement (non-prosecution agreement) including paying compensation and then the case is stopped and not continued to the investigation stage. The establishment of transparent standards and objective benchmarks is imperative for the Financial Services Authority in adjudicating settlement petitions for violations to guarantee legal certainty
Asymmetric Regional Development as a Framework for Achieving Spatial and Regional Justice in Indonesia
No full textIndonesia continues to experience persistent territorial disparities as a result of the long-standing application of symmetric decentralization, under which uniform administrative standards are imposed on regions with fundamentally different structural capacities. This approach has contributed to chronic governance underperformance and spatial injustice. The resulting mismatch between regional heterogeneity and policy uniformity underscores the need for a conceptual reorientation grounded in normative theories of justice and constitutional principles. This article aims to develop a coherent framework for asymmetric regional development capable of addressing structural inequalities while remaining consistent with the constitutional architecture of the Unitary State. Using a normative legal research approach that combines statutory analysis with case studies of Aceh, Papua, and Yogyakarta, this study investigates how asymmetric arrangements can be operationalized as both legally legitimate and philosophically justified governance models.The article presents four key contributions: first, it reconceptualizes asymmetric regional development as an ethical and constitutional imperative, grounded in Rawlsian distributive justice, Sen’s capability approach, and contemporary spatial justice theory; second, it highlights the policy pitfalls of symmetric decentralization through a critical assessment of historical and empirical evidence, including failures in regions such as Malaka; third, it introduces the Regional Inclusion Feasibility Index (IKPD) as a juridical and technocratic innovation, providing objective, multidimensional criteria for regional expansion; and fourth, it situates Indonesia’s asymmetric model within global comparative practices, demonstrating its alignment with principles of proportional autonomy and contextual justice. Collectively, these contributions position asymmetric regional development as a viable pathway toward equitable and sustainable territorial governance in Indonesia
Rambutan Peel Extract (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Improves Sperm Morphology, Viability, Motility in High-Fat-Diet Obese Rats
No full textObesity in men reduces sperm quality through hormonal imbalance and increased oxidative stress due to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). This study aimed to determine the effect of rambutan peel extract (Nephelium lappaceum L.) on sperm quality in terms of morphology, viability, and motility in obese male rats. This study used a quantitative experimental design with 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats wich were divided into five groups: normal (K−); obese (K+); obese with ellagic acid (T1); obese with RPE 15 mg/kg BW (T2); and obese with RPE 30 mg/kg BW (T3), and obesitywas induced by a high-fat diet using coconut oil and 15% sucrose for seven weeks, and sperm parameters analyzed under a light microscope. Obesity reduced sperm morphology, viability, and motility. Administration of ellagic acid (T1) moderately improved sperm quality but had limited effects on morphology and motility, RPE 15 mg/kg BW (T2) significant and optimal improvement in morphology (94.2 ± 2.28%) and motility (56.0 ± 4.00%), and viability also higher (82.2 ± 5.06%) compared to the obesity group (p 0.05), and RPE 30 mg/kg BW (T3) showed a decrease in effect due to the hormesis. The results showed that RPE at a dose 15 mg/kg BW was the most effective in improving sperm quality in obese rats, suggesting its potential application for supporting male reproductive health under conditions of obesity
Ceftriaxone Utilization in Adult Pneumonia Inpatients: A Retrospective Medical Record Review
No full textAdult pneumonia remains a major cause of hospitalisation and is frequently managed empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics. This study aimed to evaluate ceftriaxone utilisation among adult pneumonia inpatients at Toto Kabila Hospital using a retrospective review of medical records. Data were collected for the period January–December 2024 and assessed descriptively, focusing on patient characteristics and key components of rational antibiotic use, including indication, drug selection, dose, dosing interval, and duration, with reference to the Indonesian national clinical guideline (PNPK Pneumonia in Adults, 2023) and international community-acquired pneumonia recommendations. A total of 43 adult inpatients met the eligibility criteria; males accounted for 26 cases (60.5%). Ceftriaxone was the predominant empirical antibiotic, most commonly prescribed as a twice-daily regimen. When evaluated against guideline-based parameters, the overall pattern suggested stronger alignment in antibiotic selection and total daily dose than in dosing interval and treatment duration documentation, indicating opportunities for standardisation. These findings support targeted antimicrobial stewardship interventions, particularly the harmonisation of prescribing practices with guideline-concordant dosing schedules and clearer documentation of clinical severity and therapeutic endpoints to optimise effectiveness while reducing unnecessary antibiotic exposure
Green-Synthesised AgNP–Chitosan Nanocomposites Using Cymbopogon citratus Extract: SEM, FTIR, and Tensile Characterisation
No full textThe development of nanomaterials in dentistry has brought significant innovations in improving the effectiveness of treatments, particularly in biomedical applications. One important implementation is the development of nanocomposites, which are composite materials consisting of nano-sized fillers and stabilizing agents. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) obtained through green synthesis using lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) leaf extract tend to aggregate easily, therefore, a stabilizing agent in the form of chitosan is needed. This study aims to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of AgNP nanocomposites synthesized using C. citratus extract as a reducing agent and chitosan as a stabilizing agent. Physical characterization testing was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and tensile strength testing. Chemical characterization was performed through Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) testing. SEM analysis revealed an asymmetrical morphology, featuring a dense layer and a relatively uniform dispersion of nanoparticles within the polymer matrix. The combination of chitosan and the extract maintained structural stability with only slight agglomeration in the nanometer range. Tensile strength testing revealed that the chitosan–AgNP membrane exhibited the highest tensile strength of 17.64 ± 0.001 MPa. The chitosan–AgNP membrane had an elongation of 6.03±0.001% and a stress at break of 17.64±0.001 MPa, which was higher than that of the other membrane groups. FTIR analysis identified hydroxyl (3416.17 cm⁻¹), amide (1640.15 cm⁻¹), and siloxane (1034.44 cm⁻¹) groups, confirming the integration of the organic and inorganic hybrid structure. XRD analysis revealed 12% crystallinity and a dominant amorphous phase of 88%. Conclusion: AgNP nanocomposite membranes synthesized with C. citratus extract and chitosan as a stabilizing agent exhibit good physical and chemical properties for biomedical applications. These properties include homogeneous particle distribution, adequate mechanical strength, a stable chemical structure, and optimal crystallinity for wound healing applications
Design and Construction of an Arduino Uno-Based Water pH Level Monitoring System for Coal-Fired Power Plant Boilers
No full textThe design of an Arduino Uno-based water acidity (pH) monitoring device for boilers at Steam Power Plants (PLTU) fundamentally provides significant assistance to field technicians who monitor water acidity levels daily. Currently, the water sampling process for boilers is generally conducted manually, which is inefficient because the water quality in the boiler fluctuates constantly, while sampling is only performed every eight hours. The objective of this research is to design a pH monitoring device for boilers and display the sensor readings on an LCD monitor. The methodology used in this study involves experimental design for both hardware and software. The hardware utilizes a pH sensor with a pH 4502C module as the input, which is then processed by an Arduino and displayed on the LCD. The results indicate that the pH sensor system using the pH 4502C module can achieve a reading accuracy of up to 95.6%, and the device is considered to be in compliance with national standards. During detection, the sensor monitors pH levels between 7.0 and 11.0; if the level exceeds the 11.0 threshold, the buzzer will deactivate
The Influence of Population Size on the Computational Time of Genetic Algorithms in Course Scheduling
No full textCourse scheduling is a complex problem in higher education because it must satisfy multiple constraints involving courses, instructors, rooms, and time slots. This study examines the impact of population size variation on the computational efficiency of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) applied to a medium-scale instance consisting of 35 courses, 15 instructors, 12 rooms, and 20 time slots. Simulations were conducted in MATLAB using population sizes ranging from 20 to 1000, while all other GA parameters were held constant to isolate the effect of population size. Solution quality was evaluated using a conflict-based fitness function, and all configurations yielded valid timetables with zero hard-constraint violations. Experimental results reveal a consistent non-linear relationship between population size and computation time. Statistical findings in Table 1—including mean values, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals—show that both very small and very large populations produce higher and more variable execution times. In contrast, population sizes of 300–400 achieve the lowest and most stable computation times, indicated by the smallest mean values and narrow confidence intervals. For the instance and configuration used in this study, this range serves as an effective starting point for population size tuning. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of empirical parameter selection to balance computational efficiency and solution quality in academic timetabling systems
PERAN PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN SDM TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS MAHASISWA DI ORGANISASI FORMAKIP
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia (SDM) terhadap efektivitas mahasiswa dalam organisasi FORMAKIP FEB UNG, dengan fokus pada kemampuan menyelesaikan tugas, kerjasama tim, komunikasi, manajemen waktu, dan pemahaman administrasi organisasi. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi langsung, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan yang diberikan memberikan dampak signifikan terutama pada peningkatan kemampuan menyelesaikan tugas, kerjasama tim, serta kedisiplinan dan manajemen waktu. Namun demikian, aspek komunikasi formal dan pemahaman administrasi organisasi masih berada pada tingkat peningkatan yang rendah akibat kurangnya pelatihan yang berfokus pada keterampilan tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pelatihan dan pengembangan SDM di FORMAKIP telah memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap efektivitas mahasiswa, namun perlu penguatan program yang lebih komprehensif dan berkelanjutan terutama pada bidang komunikasi dan administrasi organisasi
TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL DAN TANTANGAN PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI ASN DI BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK GORONTALO: STUDI FENOMENOLOGIS TENTANG PENGALAMAN PEGAWAI DALAM PROGRAM PELATIHAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI
No full textPenelitian ini menelusuri bagaimana transformasi digital memengaruhi kebutuhan kompetensi ASN di BPS Gorontalo melalui pengalaman pegawai dalam pelatihan berbasis teknologi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi tantangan, bentuk adaptasi, serta menilai efektivitas pelatihan dalam mendukung peningkatan kompetensi digital. Dengan pendekatan fenomenologis, data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa digitalisasi mendorong efisiensi kerja, namun masih menghadapi hambatan berupa kesenjangan literasi digital, resistensi perubahan, dan keterbatasan fasilitas. Pelatihan berbasis teknologi dinilai membantu pegawai memahami sistem digital, meskipun keberhasilannya dipengaruhi oleh kesiapan individu dan dukungan organisasi. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi bagi perbaikan desain pelatihan ASN agar lebih adaptif terhadap tuntutan kerja digital