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Gender-Affirming Medical Interventions: A Clinical Review
Get PDFThis clinical update examines the findings for mental health outcomes related to gender-affirming medical interventions (GAMIs), specifically gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) and gender-affirming surgery (GAS) in transgender individuals. This study analyzes the impact of these interventions on gender dysphoria, depression, suicidality, and overall psychological well-being from findings published in peer-reviewed literature from 2015-2025. The findings indicate that GAHT leads to substantial decreases in depressive symptoms, anxiety, and suicidality with the most pronounced benefits occurring during the first 2 years of therapy. Studies have linked GAS with long-term improvements in psychological distress, body image, quality of life with low regret rates among recipients. However, variability in patient outcomes suggests that factors such as internalized transphobia, availability of social support and economic stability significantly impact these improvements. Barriers to GAMI access, including financial, legal, and discriminatory barriers, exacerbate mental health disparities in the transgender population. Despite clear evidence that GAMIs have tangible benefits, there are still research gaps, especially concerning long-term psychological outcomes and tailored treatment plans. This review highlights the need for integrated psychosocial support to complement GAMIs, policy reforms securing equitable access to GAMIs, and further longitudinal studies investigating optimal treatment approaches. This survey presents updated treatment guidelines synthesized from the findings intended to guide clinicians in optimizing their gender-affirming care plans for improving the psychological well-being and quality of life for their transgender patients considering GAMI treatment
Nightmare Blueprint: How Personality Types and Anxiety Levels Influence Enjoyment of the Horror Genre
No full textHorror films have continued to fascinate audiences, yet the reasons behind the appeal and enjoyment of horror films remains complex. This study explores how personality traits, morbid curiosity, and anxiety levels influence an individual’s enjoyment of horror across five horror genres. While past research has linked horror preferences to sensation-seeking and lower empathy, this study takes a broader approach, incorporating the Big Five personality traits, morbid curiosity, and anxiety as key factors. A sample of 35 participants from a liberal arts college completed assessments on personality and anxiety before viewing horror clips across five sub-genres. After each clip, participants reported changes in mood and anxiety levels, allowing for an analysis of individual differences in emotional responses. Using statistical analyses, including regression modeling, this study examines the role of personality and morbid curiosity in shaping both anxiety responses and horror enjoyment. By analyzing individual differences in emotional responses, this research seeks to answer a fundamental question: Why do some people seek out terrifying experiences while others avoid them? The findings offer new insights into the psychological appeal of horror, contributing to a deeper understanding of how personality influences media preferences—particularly in genres that provoke strong emotional reactions
Multilingual Learner Toolkit
Get PDFAs classrooms become more diverse, educators must always be developing new approaches using strategies and resources to support multilingual learners. This presentation introduces a multilingual learner toolkit designed to help general education teachers create inclusive environments that meet students\u27 linguistic and cultural needs. The toolkit features research-based strategies, instructional tools, and culturally responsive practices for supporting multilingual learners. The Multilingual Learner Toolkit is a resource designed to support educators in creating inclusive and successful learning environments for English Learners (ELs). This toolkit combines evidence-based strategies to enhance ELs\u27 proficiency in speaking, reading, writing, and listening, while also addressing family engagement, assessment practices, instructional strategies, and technology integration. Key components of the toolkit include structured reading and writing supports, such as phonemic awareness activities and peer collaboration techniques. Speaking and listening skills are reinforced through interactive games, structured discussions, and engaging listening activities developed for different proficiency levels. Additionally, the toolkit emphasizes family engagement by leveraging technology, home visits, and multilingual communication tools to bridge the gap between educators and EL families. Effective assessment strategies for ELs are also included in the toolkit, incorporating the WIDA Can Do Descriptors, differentiated assessments, and formative evaluation techniques to accurately gauge language development and content understanding. The toolkit highlights technology as a powerful tool in EL education, recommending digital platforms, translation tools, and multimedia resources to enhance language learning. This is important for connecting educators with their EL students and their families. The resources included in this toolkit help educators create equitable, culturally responsive, and engaging classrooms that empower multilingual learners to thrive academically and socially, while helping to support them holistically by including their families. This presentation provides an overview of the toolkit’s key elements and practical applications, sharing actionable strategies to support ELs in diverse educational settings
“To Boldly Go”: Exploring Depictions of Queerness in The Orville and Star Trek: The Next Generation
No full textScience fiction creates dialogue about social issues by depicting potential futures and reflecting on the present as if it were the past. The genre’s use of alien species gives writers control over cultures, allowing them to craft allegories that encourage audiences to reconsider their own beliefs. By presenting sociopolitical issues in unfamiliar settings, science fiction enables viewers to detach from preconceptions and form new associations.
The Orville, inspired by Star Trek: The Next Generation, employs this technique through its portrayal of the Moclans, a single-gender species designed to parallel human cultural debates. Star Trek has long challenged societal norms, exemplified by characters like Chekhov and Uhura, though it was slower to incorporate queer representation. When queerness is explored, it is often through an inversion of oppression rather than direct representation. This project explores allegory and the inversion of oppression in Star Trek: The Next Generation and The Orville, particularly regarding queerness. Historically, queer representation in media has been devalued, erased, or censored. As society moves toward greater inclusion, it is crucial to analyze how queerness is depicted in science fiction and how the genre shapes cultural perceptions of identity and oppression
Implementation of Research based Writing Instruction in K-2
No full textEarly intervention and equipping teachers with effective writing strategies are essential for the development of writers. In this workshop, we will explore research on various writing instructional methods and how they are applied in lower elementary classrooms. Research regarding development of writing skills will be discussed, along with strategies to effectively implement in the classroom
BIOL 114: The Effect of matcha on Arabidopsis thaliana growth and development
No full textMatcha is a powdered green tea that has bioactive compounds that affect the growth of plants around it. We applied matcha powder to our bottom-watering sequence using four different groups of wild-type or unknown mutant (25026) Arabidopsis thaliana plants. We compared it with control groups receiving normal water. Over three weeks, we monitored the leaf diameter of each plant to analyze the growth within each group. Matcha application yielded early differences, with wild-type showing better growth, but this difference was negligible by the end of the experiment. We conclude that the unknown mutant (25026) may have a detrimental early growth phenotype in the presence of chemicals found in matcha
BIOL 114: The Effect of clay on Arabidopsis thaliana growth and development
No full textSoil content and conditions play a large role in the growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Arabidopsis thaliana is known to commonly grow in sandy soil conditions. This experiment determined if Arabidopsis plants can successfully grow in high-clay-content soil under controlled conditions. To determine the growth we mixed 50% clay and 50% potting soil for the wild type experimental group, while the wild type control group used only potting soil. We then measured the bolt height, leaf count, and rosette diameter for both plants. In our experiment we tested the effects of clay granules on the Arabidopsis due its similarity to its natural rocky environment, it was found that the wild type performed better in all areas within the clay soil mixture than it did in the soil only mixture, higher leaf count, wider rosette, taller bolt. These findings lead us to presume that the clay does not have an adverse effect on the species, but rather allows it to grow at a greater rate
Evaluating the Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Solving Math Problems Across Varying Levels of Difficulty and Its Implications on Education
No full textThis project aims to make the literature on LLMs, like ChatGPT, more accessible, while also evaluating its effectiveness in solving math problems of varying difficulty. In order to achieve this, I generated and ranked math problems based on their difficulty and the analysis/steps required to complete them correctly. From there, these problems were inputted into ChatGPT to be solved, and patterns of error were documented in order to see what steps or sections of these problems were conducted incorrectly. Additionally, analysis of this information allowed me to determine the benefits of ChatGPT and what areas it still needs improvement in, in terms of mathematical problem solving. Then, based on my findings, I discussed ChatGPT’s implications on math education, and presented ways to turn it into a “teaching tool” rather than a “cheating tool.” Ultimately, this evaluation is essential because of the popularity the service has gained, especially with students, who should be more knowledgeable about the tool that they rely on to complete tasks