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Synthesis of Surface Bound Ligands Through Click Chemistry for a Tethered Catalyst System towards the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Get PDFThe electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) offers a promising strategy for reducing excess atmospheric CO2 by converting it into valuable chemical products. This process can be catalyzed by transition metal complexes, particularly those with extended aromatic ligands such as terpyridines which coordinate with metals in a tridentate fashion. When tethered to an electrode, the terpyridine-metal catalyst complex allows for stable binding and reusability without the need for chemical separation to recover the catalyst. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of (3-bromopropyl) phosphonic acid were formed on copper surfaces, enabling attachment of terpyridine ligands through a click reaction between a substituted azide and a terminal alkyne on the terpyridine. Surface assembly was optimized by varying solvents and concentrations of (3-bromopropyl) phosphonic acid, with optimal coverage observed with 1.0 mM (3-bromopropyl) phosphonic acid in acetone. Click reaction conditions were modified to form strong and irreversible triazole linkages between the SAM and the functional ligand, and the terpyridine-metal complexes were synthesized in solution. Click products and ligand synthesis in solution were characterized using 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy, and surface bound products were characterized through fixed angle specular reflectance IR. This stepwise synthesis of a stable, surface-bound catalytic system offers an approach towards efficient and reusable electrochemical CO2 reduction systems
Senior Project: Associate Music Director for Nunsense
Get PDFIn the Fall 2024 semester, Madeline Berger completed her Senior Project for her Theatre major. For this project, she was the Associate Music Director for UMW Theatre\u27s production of Nunsense. She worked along side with the music director helping with rehearsals, taking notes, and working one-on-one with the actors. The following document contains journal entries from every day of working on the production as well as any documents she worked on during this process
Gender Within 20th Century Lesbian Literature
Get PDFThis paper examines gender identities within what is historically categorized as lesbian literature, focusing from 1928 to 1993. In The Well of Loneliness by Radclyffe Hall, Orlando by Virginia Woolf, Nightwood by Djuna Barnes, and Stone Butch Blues by Leslie Feinberg, gender is portrayed in complex ways. In The Well of Loneliness, Stephen is labeled as an invert and often viewed as a masculine lesbian, but she also states that she loves women like a man loves women. For Orlando, the character of Orlando goes through a sex change and transitions from a man to a woman for Woolf to subtly write about same-sex attraction. Nightwood follows a love triangle between three women, one who is labeled as a masculine invert, and features a transmasculine character that further complicates gender in a text about lesbian sexuality. Lastly, Stone Butch Blues’s main character is a butch lesbian who takes testosterone, gets chest masculinization surgery, and passes as a man. Ultimately, it is impossible to analyze lesbian sexuality in these characters without also looking at gender because the two identities are intrinsically linked
Theological Rituals of Death: An Archaeological Case Study of a Thirteenth Century Christian Burial Site
Get PDFThis study examines the theological principles reflected in the burial practices of El Corral de los Condes, a thirteenth-century cemetery associated with the Knights of Calatrava at Zorita de los Canes, Spain. Founded during the Crusades, the Knights combined monastic vows with military service, emphasizing poverty, chastity, and obedience. Archaeological evidence from El Corral de los Condes reveals burials devoid of grave goods, consistent with Christian ideals of renouncing earthly possessions at death, as exemplified in Athanasius’ Life of Antony. The orientation of burials along an East/West axis, with heads facing east, aligns with early Christian eschatology, symbolizing the expectation of resurrection facing Christ. Spatial analysis within the cemetery shows that individuals interred closest to the Church of San Benito, many exhibiting signs of pre-mortem trauma, likely died valorously and were honored with proximity to sacred space. This practice reflects theological beliefs surrounding martyrdom, divine reward, and the Cult of the Saints, which emphasized the sanctity of the flesh and the spiritual advantage of burial near holy sites. By integrating archaeological findings with theological texts, this poster highlights how Christian ideals of death, resurrection, and sanctity manifested materially within a medieval military-religious order. Through burial practices, the Knights of Calatrava expressed their commitment to core Christian doctrines and the hope for eternal life, offering a rich case study in the intersection of theology, ritual, and material culture in medieval Iberia
Eat Your Heart Out: An Adventure in Fiction Book Publishing
No full textFor my independent study, I have dived headfirst into the wonderful world of publishing. For the project I have titled: Eat Your Heart Out: An Adventure in Fiction Book Publishing, I have begun the process of publishing my novel, Eat Your Heart Out. In the previous semester, I wrote a book in the fiction seminar class about a trans man who makes a drag club in his dorm room and all the magic that happens along with it. Over the spring and summer, I revised and edited it and got it ready for publishing. With the help of Professor Rafferty, I have been doing my best to get the Google document on my computer out there— to real ink and paper in front of me. This included everything from querying agents to contacting publishers to making an author website and all the lovely submission materials required
The Impact of Heterogeneous Voting Strategies and Candidate Issue Adaptation on Elections: An Agent-Based Model
Get PDFPolitical candidates in a democracy articulate positions on the issues of the day, but they are also highly aware of voter sentiment on those issues, and tailor their campaigns accordingly as they seek to win elections. Voters, too, adjust their political opinions based on (among other things) interactions with others in their social network. I present an agent-based simulation that models this dynamic interplay between candidates and voters, in order to shed light on what outcomes candidates can expect to result from a policy of “chasing” votes. The voters in the simulation differ from one another in the decision procedure they use in choosing who to vote for – these voting algorithms are modeled on results from the political science literature about the different ways voters make decisions. The model can thus be used to experiment with a virtual electorate, to determine the conditions under which vote-chasing candidates gain an advantage or perhaps even cause the election outcome to be objectively irrational
Incorporating Institutions and Ideology: Why COVID didn\u27t Change Anything
Get PDFIn this paper, I investigate the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic through an economic and philosophical lens to try and understand why government aid was removed. Looking at the problem as solely a structural issue, with Jurgen Habermas’ Between Facts and Norms and Douglas North’s Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance guiding my understanding, provides useful insights. Namely, how the informal and formal structures of society interact, and their cyclical nature. However, that perspective does not provide a complete picture. And so, I developed an understanding of ideology to investigate the origins of informal societal structures. To do this I looked at Karl Marx, Herbert Marcuse, and Slavoj Zizek. This understanding of ideology provided the understanding that ideology works to integrate all aspects of the status quo, the formal and informal structures of society to maintain cogency. This perspective alone also does not provide a complete story, and so to fully understand the movement of society and why we made the choices we did after the COVID-19 pandemic, I incorporated both institutions and ideology. In doing this, it provided the complete story and illuminates that contrary to the statement made by the title of this paper, things did change after the COVID-19 pandemic, just not in the formal realm, and I conclude that to enact that change we need to first make use of the informal changes
Re-envisioning Family Engagement and Literacy in Early Childhood Classrooms: Porque así ya conocemos
No full textFamilies are resources that are extremely powerful and important for young learners from minoritized backgrounds, yet such families are often overlooked, silenced, or ostracized. This book presents a much-needed framework for family and community engagement in the early childhood and elementary literacy classroom that embraces and foregrounds students’ unique cultural backgrounds. This book spotlights the families of minoritized learners and the crucial role that they play in building dynamic and inspiring environments for learning. To re-envision the engagement of these families in the early childhood classroom, the book provides an accessible understanding of Yosso’s theory of community cultural wealth. Covering key topics such as children’s literature and digital tools, the book features strategies for implementing culturally responsive classroom practices to create positive home–school partnerships. Each chapter highlights one type of capital in community cultural wealth—aspirational, linguistic, familial, social, navigational, and resistant—and gives teachers guidance on working with and supporting the efforts of families both inside and outside of the classroom.https://scholar.umw.edu/education_books/1003/thumbnail.jp
Inaba, Reimagined: An Analysis of Persona 4’s Rural Setting in a Neoliberal Context
Get PDFPersona 4, through the use of nostalgia and the process of native-place making known as furusato-zukuri, creates a fictional rural space, using authentic Japanese imagery and cultural symbols to make Inaba a 21st-century furusato. In doing so, Persona 4 critiques city life in a neoliberal society, which causes a growing disillusionment with urban living due to a constant state of unrest. Furthermore, through its use of nostalgic imagery which normally emphasizes gender norms in the Japanese culture, Persona 4 flips this idea on its head by showcasing powerful female leads, who, despite living in a space normally imagined to be constructed around gender norms, are able to showcase their femininity and sexuality on their own terms
The Role of Discrete Emotions in Job Satisfaction: A Meta-analysis
No full textThe relationship between emotions and job satisfaction is widely acknowledged via affective events theory (AET). Despite its widespread use, AET was not designed to address why specific emotions might differentially relate to job satisfaction. We utilize appraisal theory of emotion to refine AET and provide this nuanced theorizing. We meta-analytically test our ideas with 235 samples across 99 883 individuals and 22 600 intra-individual episodes. We test two approaches—specific emotion experiences (16 discrete emotions) versus general emotion experiences (positive or negative emotions)—and present empirical evidence of their similarities and differences with job satisfaction. Our findings suggest that specific emotions with circumstance-agency appraisals (e.g., depression and happiness) have the strongest associations with job satisfaction compared to emotions with self- and other-agency appraisals and general emotion experiences. However, more variability is observed for negative emotions and job satisfaction compared to positive emotions. Further, we address and even challenge influential critiques of emotions and job satisfaction via a meta-analytic test of five moderators—emotion intensity versus frequency, target of emotion, job satisfaction measure, level of analysis, and time referent for emotion and job satisfaction recall. In sum, we advance academic and practitioner understanding of the relationship between emotions and job satisfaction