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Salvianolic acid A exerts a protective effect against sodium laurate induced thromboangiitis obliterans in rats
No full textPurpose: To study the potential therapeutic effects of salvianolic acid A (Sal A) on thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO).
Methods: An in vitro model of TAO-mimicking endothelial cell damage was established by incubating ECV304 cells with H2O2. An in vivo model of TAO rats was developed via injection of sodium laurate. After treatment with varying doses of Sal A, TAO symptoms were monitored over time and compared. The effects of Sal A on oxidative stress, pyroptosis, inflammation, and thrombosis were assessed using biochemical assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot, and histopathology.
Results: Sal A significantly alleviated the inhibition of cell viability induced by H2O2 (p < 0.05). The H2O2-induced increases in levels of ROS, IL-1β, and IL-18 in ECV304 cells were significantly decreased by Sal A (p < 0.05). Moreover, Sal A alleviated TAO symptoms in rats. The enhanced levels of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, and active Caspase-1 observed in TAO rats were reduced by Sal A in vivo (p < 0.05). Moreover, Sal A significantly reduced the size of thrombus in TAO rats. In addition, upregulated levels of ROS were significantly inhibited by Sal A (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Sal A exerts significant therapeutic effects on TAO. This provides mechanistic insights into the clinical effects of RSMA on TAO patients, which might be beneficial in the development of effective drugs against TAO in the future
Normes de leadership et management pour les professionnels médicaux au Togo : Leadership and management standards for medical professionals in Togo
No full textIntroduction : La définition des normes de leadership et de management pour les professionnels médicaux est attendue depuis longtemps, compte tenu de la corrélation entre un leadership efficace et la qualité des soins délivrés aux patients. Depuis la reconnaissance officielle de cette organisation professionnelle le 30 septembre 2020, les acteurs de la Société Togolaise des Managers Médicaux (STMM) envisage un futur dans lequel les systèmes de santé forts offrent, d'une manière équitable, juste et pérenne, un niveau de bien-être le plus élevé possible aux individus et à la population. L’objectif de ce travail est de décrire les normes de leadership et mangement pour les professionnels médicaux du Togo. Méthodologie : Nous avons utilisé la méthode « delphi » encore appelée « méthode des experts » pour adapter aux contextes togolais les normes de leadership et management médical pour les professionnels médicaux du Royaume Uni élaborés par le Faculty of Medical Leadership and Management (FMLM). Résultats : Les normes de leadership et management pour les professionnels médicaux sont articulées comme un ensemble de valeurs fondamentales et de comportements conçus pour fonctionner à tous les niveaux. Ces normes sont guidées par les valeurs préconisées par les principes de la vie publique et les bonnes pratiques médicales et demandent des comportements observables et mesurables. Conclusion : Les normes de la STMM sont conçues spécifiquement pour les professionnels médicaux travaillant au Togo, quelque soient les spécialités, étapes de leur carrière et secteurs (public, privé à but non lucratif, privé lucratif, en entreprise, services de santé des Armées, industrie pharmaceutique, enseignement universitaire). Ces normes peuvent être utilisées dans une multitude de situations.
English Abstract
Introduction: The definition of leadership and management standards for medical professionals is long overdue, given the correlation between effective leadership and the quality of patient care. Since the official recognition of this professional organization on September 30, 2020, the actors of the Togolese Society of Medical Managers (STMM) envision a future in which strong health systems offer, in an equitable, fair and sustainable manner, a level of the highest possible well-being for individuals and the population. The objective of this work is to describe the standards of leadership and management for medical professionals in Togo. Methodology: We used the “delphi” method, also called the “expert method” to adapt to Togolese contexts the standards of medical leadership and management for medical professionals in the United Kingdom developed by the Faculty of Medical Leadership and Management (FMLM). Results: Leadership and management standards for medical professionals are articulated as a set of core values and behaviors designed to work at all levels. These standards are guided by the values recommended by the principlesof public life and good medical practice and require observable and measurable behavior. Conclusion: The STMM standards are designed specifically for medical professionals working in Togo, whatever the specialties, stages of their career and sectors (public, private non-profit, private for profit, in business, military health services, pharmaceutical industry, university education). These standards can be used in a multitude of situations
Prise en charge des adénomes hypophysaires au Togo
No full textIntroductionLes adénomes hypophysaires sont des tumeurs fréquentes. Elles sont dominées par les prolactinomes sensibles au traitement médical. Les autres nécessitent le plus souvent une chirurgie qui n’était pas disponible au Togo. Le but de cette étude était de rapporter les premiers cas opérés au Togo.Matériel et méthodeIl s’agit d’une série de cas d’adénomes hypophysaires prise en charge dans le service de neurochirurgie du CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé.Cas cliniqueCas 1Patient de 41 ans reçu pour une dysmorphie progressive cranio-faciale et des extrémités dans un contexte d’HTIC et HTA difficilement contrôlable. L’imagerie était en faveur d’un macro adénome avec un envahissement du sinus caverneux. Le bilan hormonal notait un taux d’IGF1 à 15 fois la normale en faveur d’une acromégalie. Il a bénéficié d’une exérèse de la partie extra- sinusienne. L’imagerie post-opératoire était satisfaisante en dépit d’une stagnation de l’IGF.Cas 2Patient de 32 ans admis pour altération progressive de l’acuité visuelle depuis 1 an environ compliquée brutalement d’une céphalée intense avec vomissement et cécité. L’examen notait un score de Glasgow à 14/15, un bon état hémodynamique, un syndrome méningé, un ptosis gauche avec mydriase réactive. La Tomodensitométrie et l’IRM cérébrales notaient une tumeur sellaire et suprasellaire sans envahissement des sinus caverneux avec hémorragie intra-tumorale évoquant un adénome hypophysaire. Le bilan biologique orientait vers un adénome non sécrétant. Il a été opéré par voie endoscopique trans-sphénoïdale. L’exérèse a été macroscopiquement totale avec une récupération partielle de l’acuité visuelle.ConclusionLa chirurgie des adénomes hypophysaires est une avancée considérable pour la neurochirurgie Togolaise avec une courbe d’apprentissage.
IntroductionPituitary adenomas are common tumors. They are dominated by prolactinomas which coulb be treated medically. The others often require surgery that was not available in Togo. The aim of this study was to report the first cases operated on in Togo.Material and methodThis is a series of cases of pituitary adenoma treated in the neurosurgery department of the CHU Sylvanus Olympio in Lomé.Clinical caseCase 141-year-old patient seen for progressive craniofacial and extremity abnormalities in a context of intracranial high pressure and high blood pressure that are difficult to control. Imaging was in favor of a macroadenoma with invasion of the cavernous sinus. Hormonal assessment noted an IGF1 level 15 times normal in favor of acromegaly. He underwent excision of the extra-sinus part. Postoperative imaging was satisfactory despite IGF stagnation.Case 2A 32-year-old patient admitted for about 1 year with progressive deterioration in visual acuity suddenly complicated by an intense headache with vomiting and blindness. The examination noted a Glasgow score of 14/15, good hemodynamic status, meningeal syndrome, left ptosis with reactive mydriasis. Brain CT and MRI revealed a sellar and suprasellar tumor without invasion of the cavernous sinuses with intra-tumoral hemorrhage evoking a pituitary adenoma. The biological assessment pointed towards a non-secreting adenoma. He was operated by trans-sphenoidal endoscopic approach. The resection was macroscopically complete with partial recovery of visual acuity.ConclusionThe surgery of pituitary adenomas is a considerable advance for Togolese neurosurgery with a learning curve
Apport de l’échographie et de la tomodensitométrie dans les contusions abdominales chez l’adulte: à propos de 76 cas colliges au chu Sylvanus Olympio de
No full textObjectif: évaluer l’apport de l’échographie et de la tomodensitométrie dans le bilan lésionnel des contusions abdominales de l’adulte au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio (CHU SO) de Lomé.Méthodologie: il s’est agi d’une étude rétrospective et descriptive portant sur les résultats d’examens d’échographie et de tomodensitométrie réalisés pour contusion abdominale chez le sujet âgé de 18 ans révolu et plus, opéré ou non. Elle s’est déroulée du 1er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2019 dans le service de radiologie et imagerie médicale du CHU SO de Lomé.Résultats: au total 76 patients ont été retenus dont 52 hommes (67,9%) et 24 femmes (32,1%). L’âge moyen des patients était de 33,64ans. La tranche d’âge majoritaire était celle de 18 à 28ans (40,78%). L’hémopéritoine était la principale lésion observée, soit dans 58,88% des cas à l’échographie et 28% à la tomodensitométrie. Il était suivi des lésions spléniques (25%) et hépatiques (14,47%). La sensibilité et la spécificité de l’échographie dans le bilan lésionnel des contusions abdominales étaient respectivement de 70% et 86% tandis qu’elles étaient respectivement de 100% et 83,3% pour la TDM. La valeur prédictive positive et la valeur prédictive négative de l’échographie étaient respectivement de 53,3 % et de 93,3% alors qu’elles étaient respectivement de 87% et de 100% pour la tomodensitométrie.Conclusion: l’échographie doit être réalisée en première intention devant toute contusion abdominale surtout avec le constat que la tomodensitométrie est réservée à quelques cas exceptionnels certainement lié aux ressources limitées dans nos milieux.
Objective: to evaluate the contribution of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of blunt abdominal trauma injuries in adults at the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lome.Methodology: this was a retrospective and descriptive study of the results of ultrasound examinations and computed tomography performed for blunt abdominal trauma in subject aged 18 and over, opereted or not. It took place from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2019 in the radiology and medical imaging department of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lome.Results: a total of 76 patients were selected including 52 men (67.9%) and 24 women (32.1%). The average age of patients was 33.64 years old. The majority age group was 18 to 28 years old (48.78%). Hemoperitoneum was the main lesion observed, in 58.88% of cases on ultrasound and 28% on computed tomography. It was followed by splenic (25%) and hepatic (14.47%) injuries. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in the assessment of blunt abdominal trauma injuries were respectively 70% and 86% while they were respectively 100% and 83.3% for CT. The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of ultrasonography were 53.3% and 93.3% respectively, whereas they were respectively 87% and 100% for computed tomography.Conclusion: ultrasound should be performed as a first-line treatment for any blunt abdominal trauma especially with the realization that CT scan is reserved for a few exceptional cases, certainly linked to the limited resources in our environment
Place de la kinésithérapie dans la prise en charge des patients hémodialyses au Togo : à propos de 10 observations
No full textIntroduction : L’insuffisance rénale chronique est responsable d’atteintes de l’appareil locomoteur. Ces atteintes sont susceptibles de relever d'une prise en charge masso-kinésithérapie L’objectif de cette étude était d’identifier les déficiences associées au manque d’activités physiques chez les patients hémodialysés et de mesurer l’impact de la prise en charge par kinésithérapie.Patients et méthode : Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale couvrant la période de six (06) semaines allant du 27 Mai au 5 juillet 2019 et portant sur les patients hémodialysés du service d’hémodialyse du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio (CHU-SO) de Lomé (Togo). Les patients avaient été évalués avant et six semaines après la prise en charge par le kinésithérapeute à l’aide du test de marche de 6 min et les limitations fonctionnelles par du score du Health Assessment Questionnaire.Résultats : Dix patients avaient été suivis et pris en charge. Les patients à la fin de l’étude étaient moins fatigables et avaient une augmentation de la force musculaire, une augmentation de l’amplitude des mouvements et une amélioration des paramètres du test de marche de 6 minutes.Conclusion : La prise en charge kinésithérapique, a partiellement amélioré l’état physique de nos patients. Les patients pris en compte dans notre étude semblent moins fatigables et on peut constater un gain de la force
Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease is responsible for damage to the musculoskeletal system. These attacks are likely to be covered by masso-kinesitherapy treatment. The objective of this study was to identify the deficiencies associated with the lack of physical activity in hemodialysis patients and to measure the impact of treatment by physiotherapy.Patients and method: This was a longitudinal study covering the period of six (06) weeks from May 27 to July 5, 2019. Hemodialysis patients from the hemodialysis department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center (Togo) constituted our study population. Patients were assessed before and six weeks after treatment by the physiotherapist using the 6-min walk test and functional limitations using the Health Assessment Questionnaire score.Results: Ten patients were followed and treated. Patients at the end of the study were less fatiguable and had increased muscle strength, increased range of motion, and improved 6-minute walk test parameters.Conclusion: The physiotherapy treatment has partially improved the physical condition of our patients. The patients taken into account in our study seem less tiring and we can see a gain in muscle strength and an increase in working time during the sessions
Modified and Unmodified Jatropha Curcas Seed Oils as Pour Point Depressants for a Nigerian Waxy Crude Oil
No full textTransportation of waxy crude oil faces great challenges in pipelines, however, pour-point depressant could be employed to improve flow properties of waxy crude oil by modifying the morphology and structure of wax crystals. In this paper, modified and unmodified jatropha curcas seed oils was used as a green pour point depressants to evaluate the flow properties of a Nigerian waxy crude oil. Jatropha curcas seed oil (49.5%) was extracted using petroleum ether and the oil was analyzed for oil quality parameters (acid value, iodine value, free fatty acid and saponification value) and subsequently modified using diethanolamine and ethylene glycol to give fatty amides and glycol esters with sulphamic acid (2% and 10% respectively) as catalysts. The modified products were characterized using Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The modified and unmodified Jatropha seed oils were used treat a Nigerian waxy crude oil to determine their effects on the pour point of the said crude oil. This was done by determining the viscosity and pour point of the crude oil before and after it is dosed with different concentrations of the modified and unmodified Jatropha oils. The results revealed the efficiency of the fatty amides to reduce the pour point and viscosity of the crude oil from 180C to 150C and from 3.49 cst. to 2.0 cst respectively. Both ethylene glycol-modified Jatropha seed oil and the unmodified Jatropha seed oil were able to also depress the pour point of the crude oil to the same degree showing that modification with ethylene glycol did not improve the ability of ordinary Jatropha seed oil to act as pour point depressant
Adsorption of Methyl Orange and Amoxicillin from Water using Metal-organic Framework Prepared from Solvothermal Mixing of Zn ions and 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid Moieties
No full textIn this study, we determined the capacity of metal organic framework, which we prepared by the solvothermal mixing of Zn ions and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (Zn/BDC) moieties to adsorb methyl orange (MO), and amoxicillin (AMX). Results obtained show that MO and AMX adsorption capacity by Zn/BDC (mg/g) was found to increase with increase in solution concentration, for each contaminant type. Three isotherm models were applied to the adsorption data: Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin. R2 values obtained for the adsorption of MO, 0.9778, 0.8589 and 0.9038 for Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin plots respectively, indicates that all three models fit the adsorption data appreciably good, with the Freundlich isotherm providing the best fit. Those for AMX, 0.6737, 0.0616, and 0.5300 indicated a poor fit, but the Freundlich isotherm came out as best fitting isotherm for AMX, an indication of a multilayer adsorption process. Maximum possible amount of contaminant adsorbed per gram of Zn/BDC deduced from the Langmuir isotherm for the adsorption of both contaminants were 93.46 mg/g and 18.41 mg/g for MO and AMX respectively. This, among other indicators, showed the preference of Zn/BDC for MO relative to AMX. Adsorption kinetic models: pseudo first order, pseudo second order, and Weber-Morris intraparticle diffusion models, gave R2 values that indicate that intraparticle diffusion dominated the adsorption of MO, while the adsorption of AMX followed pseudo second order kinetics, an indicator of chemisorptive mechanism. Calculated Qe values, were in close agreement with experimental values.
 
Determination of fatty acids composition by GC-MS and physicochemical parameters of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil cultivated in Ethiopia
No full textABSTRACT. Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil was extracted using petroleum ether and analyzed for fatty acid compositions and physicochemical parameters of the oil. The seeds were found to contain 43.6% (%w/w) oil. Linoleic (50.7%), oleic (18.8%), palmitic (17.9%) and stearic (12.4%) were found as the primary fatty acids in pumpkin seed oil. Physicochemical parameters of pumpkin seed oil were found to be acid value (1.32 mg KOH/g oil), saponification value (191 mg KOH/g oil), iodine value (114 g I2/100 g), peroxide value (3.6 meq/kg), specific gravity (0.91 g/mL), refractive index (1.47) and viscosity (24.7). According to the study's findings, 50% of the oil contains the essential fatty acid omega-6 (linoleic acid). The high concentration of essential linoleic acid in pumpkin seed oil implies that it is a nutrient-dense food. The physicochemical study of the pumpkin seed oil samples also showed that they were suitable as industrial ingredients for making soap, cosmetics, medications, and food additives, among other things.
KEY WORDS: Pumpkin seed oil, Fatty acids, Oil content, Physicochemical parameters, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Ethiopia
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 565-577.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.
A teenager with ductal carcinoma in situ arising in a fibroadenoma: a case report
No full textSummary: Breast cancer arising within fibroadenomas (BcaFad) is a very rare finding. BcaFad occurs mostly in women between the ages of 40 and 50. This report details the unique case of an 18-year-old woman with bcafad. We present an 18-year-old woman with a ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) arising within a fibroadenoma. This is the youngest reported case of BcaFad in the literature. Clinically, the mass presented characteristics of a benign breast lump. Microscopically, an atypical proliferation of luminal epithelial cells was classified as a low-grade DCIS. As a very rare presentation at an especially unusual age, this case challenges the current risk evaluation and management in young women diagnosed with fibroadenoma
