Annals of PIMS (Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences)
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Determination The Early Seizures in Stroke Patients
Full text linkObjective: To determine the frequency of early seizures in patients with strokes.Study Design: Descriptive, Cross sectional studyMethodology: The data of 104 strokes patients, visiting neurology department of sheikh zayed Hospital, were collected after filling proforma and consent forms. All patients were assessed by the study neurologist to confirm the diagnosis and the etiological subtypes of stroke. Stroke patients were managed as per hospital protocol. The patients were followed for 7 days. Presence of early seizures was recorded as per operational definition. Patients with seizures were managed as per hospital protocol. Al the data was entered on pre-design proforma. Results: In our study, out of 1-4 cases of stroke, 38.46%(n=40) were between 18-50 years of age while 61.54%(n=64) were between 51-75 years of age, mean+sd was calculated as 52.75+9.22 years, 52.89%(n=55) were male and 47.11%(n=49) were females, 22.12%(n=23) were hemorrhage while 77.88%(n=81) had ischemic stroke, frequency of early seizures in patients with strokes was recorded in 6.73%(n=7).Conclusion: We concluded that the frequency of early seizures is higher and considerable in patients with strokes; our data is primary in our population and needs some other trials to validate these findings
Histopathological Outcome of Testicular Lesions at PIMS
Full text linkObjective: This study was undertaken to determine the incidence, Age wise distribution and Histopathological outcome of the testicular lesion at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad.Methodology: A retrospective study of 69 patients in which orchiectomies was done for testicular lesion from January 2013 to March 2016 at Department of Urology Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. The epidemiological data were retrieved from case files and histopathological reports. Data was analyzed in respect of side involvement, age and histological type of tumors.Results: A total of 69 patients included in the study, of which 49(71.01%) were Non-neoplastic and 20(28.98%) were neoplastic lesions. Among Non- neoplastic lesions 24(48.98%) were undescended testis, 24(48.98%) were torsion and 1(2.04%) were an abscess. A maximum number of cases were diagnosed in the second decade of life (30.62%), left side involvement (59.18%) was common then right side involvement (40.82%).Among neoplastic lesions 40% were Yolk sac tumors,30% were Mixed germ cell tumors,20% were seminoma, 5% were teratoma and 5 % were B-cell lymphoma. Most of the cases were diagnosed in the third decade of life (45%), Right side involvement (70%) was more common than left side involvement (30%).Conclusion: Testicular tumors is still common in our population, but in our study, there is no evidence of malignancy in the undescended testis
Virological Responses in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients, Treated with Sofosbuvir and Declacavir Versus Sofosbuvir and Ribazole
Full text linkObjective: To determine the virological responses in chronic hepatitis c patients, treated with sofosbuvir and declacavir versus sofosbuvir and ribavirin at tertiary care Hospital
Study Design And Setting: This was a prospective comparative study and was carried out at the gastroenterology department of people’s medical university Nawabshah.
Duration: One year from December 2016 to November 2017.
Methodology: All the patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus with detectable HCV RNA by PCR , age ranged 18 to 60 years either gender were selected. All the patients were divided in two groups according to treatment as; patients of group A were undergone treatment of sofosbuvir + declacavir and patients of group B were underwent treatment of sofosbuvir + ribazole. PCR for HCV RNA Quantitative had been performed for viral measurements at the completion of 4thweek (RVR), 12th week (EVR), 24th week (ETR) and after 24 weeks of treatment completion (SVR). All patients not complying with the treatment or developed any complication based on protocol investigations that lead to termination of treatment were excluded from the study. All the data was recorded in the proforma.
Results: Total 107 patients were selected, mean age of the patients was 36.46+11.34 years. Female was found in the majority as 58.9%. 80.4% patients were undergoing treatment of sofosbuvir+declacavir and 19.6% were underwent sofosbuvir+ribazole. Rapid viral load response (RVR), Early viral load response (EVR), End treatment response (ETR) and Sustained viral response (SVR) were s significantly more achieved in group A (sofosbuvir+declacavir) as compared to group B (sofosbuvir+ribazole) p-value 0.020, 0.020, 0.004 and 0.004 respectively. roup B (sofosbuvir+ribazole) 18 patients achieved out of 21. No significant difference was found in the mean of viral load in both groups after completion of treatment p-value 0.628.
Conclusion: It is concluded that both treatments showed good efficacy, but sofosbuvir+declacavir treatment achieved more significant Rapid viral load response (RVR), Early viral load response (EVR), End treatment response (ETR) and Sustained viral response (SVR) as compare to sofosbuvir+ribazole.
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Problems Faced and Difference in Quality of Life Among The Elderly Population of Suburban Areas of Twin Cities
Full text linkObjective: To evaluate the problems faced and the difference in the quality of life among the elderly population of three suburban areas of twin cities of Pakistan.Setting and duration: This study was conducted in three suburban setting around Islamabad and Rawalpindi in a duration of six months from February to August 2017.Methodology: A total of 110 participants consisting on 55 males and 55 female were selected for the study. This cross sectional survey was conducted on a geriatric population of age more than 60 years. The elders having any disease, psychological or physical disorder were excluded from the study. In this study, we used the Quality of life Instruments developed by WHO (WHOQOL-BREF) which is a validated and one of the most widely used tools in QoL research. Informed consent was taken from all the participants prior to the study. The data form all the participants was collected through face to face interviews and entry with analysis was done through SPSS v. 21.Results: Majority 58 (52.73%) of the participants were of age interval of 60-64 years followed by 39 (35.45%) in the age group of 65-69 years. A large number 41 (37.27%) of elderly participants were uneducated. Most 63 (57.27%) of the participants of the study were living in the extended family system. Main bulk 49 (44.55%) of the study sample belonged to families having a monthly income of 16000-25000 rupees, followed by 25 (22.73%) families having an income of 26000-35000 rupees. The main source of income was a dependency on children. The most common 24 (21.82%) problem faced was related to financial issues, followed by loneliness 22 (20%). Majority 68 (61.82%) of the study sample replied that the bahaviour of family members is friendly and politely with them. The QoL score for physical health, psychological health, social relationship and environment were significantly higher in male participants as compared to female counterparts. The overall quality of life on the basis of the quality of life score QoL was significantly better in male participants as compared to female participants. Conclusions: The overall quality of life on the basis of quality of life score QoL was significantly better in male participants as compared to female participants. Their busy children or family conflicts and misapprehensions instigate their miserable moments of older life
Serum Cobalamin Levels and Red Blood Cell Morphology Among Celiac Disease Patients
Full text linkObjective: To evaluate serum cobalamin level and red blood cell morphology among Celiac disease patients.
Methodology: This Case control study was conducted at Department of Physiology, Medicine and Gastroenterology Unit, Isra University Hospital Hyderabad from March 2017 to October 2017. All the participants were divided equally in two groups. Group I. Controls- normal healthy subjects (n=45). Group II. Cases diagnosed cases of Celiac disease (n=45). Red blood cell morphology was assessed under light microscopy at postgraduate Laboratory. Serum cobalamin was determined by competitive EIA technique. All the data was recorded in the proforma.
Results: Total 90 cases were studied out of them 45 were patients of celiac disease and 45 were normal. Mean age of controls cases was 47.53±8.13 years and celiac disease patient’s was 46.84±7.69 years. Male were found in majority of both group’s cases and controls as 82.2% and 73.3% respectively. Mean of serum cobalamin level was significantly lower among patients as 201.36±74.77 pg/mL in contrast to controls as 247.06±60.34 pg/mL p= 0.002. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were also low in cases compared to controls. RBC indices showed macrocytic, microcytic, hyperchromic and megaloblastic changes.
Conclusion: Serum cobalamin was decreased among celiac disease patients and disturbed RBC indices as macrocytic, microcytic, hyperchromic and megaloblastic were common in the Celiac disease patients