Bilingual Publishing Co. (BPC): E-Journals
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Water Quality and Pollution Control: Changes in Water Quality with River Bank Filtration (RBF)
No full textEffects of Dietary Replacement of Maize with Sweet Potato Peel in the Diet of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
No full textThis study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary replacement of maize with sweet potato peel in the diet of Clarias gariepinus juveniles. The levels of the SPP inclusion in the experimental diets were 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. All the diets were iso-nitrogenous. One hundred and fifty (150) C. gariepinus juveniles (33 g ~ 35 g) were randomly distributed to five treatments with three replicates each and 5% of their body weight for 12 weeks. Fish carcass proximate compositions analyzed before and after feeding with the experimental diets shows that CP and EE differed significantly (p<0.05) among the experimental fish and the control, except the percentage CP of the fish fed SPP0% and SPP50% in which there was no significant difference (p>0.05). Highest MWG of 207.70±25.95 g was obtained in the fish fed SPP100% followed by 191.30±16.15 g obtained in the fish fed SPP75%. The least MWG of 149.83±16.01 g was recorded in fish fed SPP25%. The highest FCR of 3.61±0.45 g was recorded in the fish fed SPP100%. A steady decrease in FCR was observed with decreasing inclusion levels of SPP meal. However, higher FW, FL, SGR and PER were observed in the experimental fish as from 50% inclusion levels of the SPP. The cost of feed per kg was reduced and the NP and WG increased with increasing levels of SPP and the profitability was enhanced at 100% SPP inclusion level. The results revealed that C. gariepinus juvenile could tolerate up to 50%, 75% and 100% inclusion levels of SPP. The best growth performance was recorded in the fish fed SPP100%, therefore, sweet potato peel can replace maize in the diet of C. gariepinus without any inauspicious effect on the growth performance and nutrient utilization
A New “Consumption-production” Market Model
No full textBased on the long tail model, this paper assumes a new form of mutual change between producers and consumers and obtains a consumption and production economic model adapted to the modern market economy, and carries out practical verification of the model. The conclusion is that the main body of the future market economy will change from producers to consumers
Investigating the in vitro Antitumor Structure-activity Relationship of a Range of Cannabinolic Acid Derivatives
No full textAim: To investigate the in vitro structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a range of tetrahydrocannabinolic (THCA) and cannabidiolic (CBDA) derivatives using the PANC-1 tumor cell line (pancreas, ductal carcinoma). Materials and methods: The in vitro effects of a range of THCA and CBDA derivatives with different carbonyl group substituents were tested on the PANC-1 cells cell line using the CellTiter Glo Viability Assay (72 hours) and the XTT assay (48 hours). Results: A study of a series of THCA and CBDA derivatives containing different functional groups at the carbonyl nitrogen atom demonstrated that THCA amides have better inhibitory activity, on the PANC-1 tumor cell line, than CBDA derivatives. Conclusions: THCA derivatives have better inhibitory activity than CBDA analogs with the same substituents. It is noteworthy that even a slight change in the structure of the substituent of the amide or hydrazone moiety of the molecule has a dramatic effect on the activity of these compounds
Factor Analysis of the Parameters of Samples of the Steppe Soil and Grass Of Mongolia and Inland Mongolia of China on the Eastern Transsect of the Eurasian Steppe
No full textRegularities of rank distributions and binary relations between nine parameters are given. The most active are the geographical coordinates of 48 test sites. This proves that the geomorphology of the steppes in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia is becoming decisive. Factor analysis showed that the first four places for influencing variables and dependent indicators are the same:in the first place is the northern latitude, the second is the east longitude,the third is the average annual precipitation, and the fourth is the intensity of sheep grazing. The rest of the factors are located in different ways. The density of organic carbon was only in ninth place as an influencing variable,and in seventh place as a dependent indicator. This is based on the fact that organic carbon is an accumulative (cumulative) parameter over many years.The productivity of the biomass of steppe grass as an influencing variable is in sixth place, and as a dependent indicator (criterion) only in ninth place.This parameter is seasonal, therefore, in comparison with organic carbon, it is highly dynamic. The average annual temperature as an influencing variable is in fifth place,but as a dependent indicator only in eighth place. This was influenced by the strong averaging of the parameter (average value for the year). Plants are strongly influenced by the temperature dynamics during the growing season, and even more by the sum of temperatures during the growing season. With the productivity of steppe grass less than 75 g / m2 , the intensity of sheep grazing is zero. According to the second term of the trend, an optimum of 270 g / m2 appears with the maximum intensity of sheep grazing on average 65 pcs / km2 . The first fluctuation shows that with an increase in grass biomass, there is a loss of stability of the grass cover with an exponential growth of the amplitude. The second oscillation is dangerous in that with an increase in the biomass of the grass,the half-period of the oscillation sharply decreases and this will also lead to the collapse of the steppe grass. From the remnants of the effect of sheep grazing on grass biomass, it can be seen that there are three clusters: (1) from 0 to 30; (2) from 30 to 95; (3) more than 95 pcs / km2 . In this case, the variability of the productivity of the grass decreases
Hydrocarbon Play Assessment of “Oswil” Field,Onshore Niger Delta Region
No full textHydrocarbon play assessment of any field involves the evaluation of the production capacity of hydrocarbon reservoir unit in the field. This involves detail study of the reservoir petrophysical properties and geological interpretation of structures suitable for hydrocarbon accumulation in the field as observed from seismic reflection images. This study details the assessment of hydrocarbon play in OSWIL field onshore in Niger Delta, with the intent of appraising its productivity using a combination of seismic, well logs,petrophysical parameters and volumetric estimation using proven techniques which involves an integrated methodology. Two reservoir windows “R1” and “R2” were defined from five wells OSWIL-02, 04, 06, 07 and 12.The top and base of each reservoir window was delineated from the wells.Structural interpretation for inline 6975 revealed two horizons (X and Y) and eight faults labelled (F1, F2, F6, F8, F10, F16, F17 and F18). Five faults (F1, F6, F10, F17 and F18) were identified as synthetic faults and dip basin wards while three faults (F2, F8 and F16) were identified as antithetic faults and dips landwards. Time-depth structural map at top of reservoirs R1 and R2 revealed structural highs and closures. These observations are characteristics of growth structures (faults) which depicts the tectonic style of the Niger Delta. Results of petrophysical evaluation for reservoirs “R1” and “R2” across the five wells were analysed. For reservoir “R1” effective porosity values of 27%, 26%, 23%, 20% and 22% were obtained for wells OSWIL-04, 12, 07, 06 and 02 respectively with an average of 23.6%, while for reservoir “R2” effective porosity values of 26%, 22%, 21%, 24% and 23% for wells OSWIL-04, 12, 07, 06 and 02 were obtained respectively with an average of 23.2%. This porosity values correspond with the already established porosity range of 28-32% within the Agbada formation of the Niger Delta. Permeability index of the order (K > 100mD) were obtained for both reservoirs across the five wells and is rated very good. Hydrocarbon saturation (Shc) across the five wells averages at 61.6% for reservoir “R1” and 67.4% for reservoir “R2”. Result of petrophysical model for porosity, permeability and water saturation reveal that the reservoir system in R1 and R2 is fault assisted and fluid flow within both reservoirs is aided by presence of effective porosity and faulting. Volumetric estimation for both reservoirs showed that reservoir R1 contains an estimate of 455 × 106 STB of hydrocarbon in place, while reservoir R2 contains an estimate of 683 ×106 STB of hydrocarbon in place. These findings impact positively on hydrocarbon production in the field and affirm that the two reservoirs R1 and R2 are highly prospective
Geochemical Classification and Geotectonic Setting of Granitic Gneisses from Southeastern Margin of Western Nigeria Basement
No full textChemical whole-rock major oxides and some trace element analyses were done on granitic-gneiss rocks from Dagbala-Atte District, located on the southeastern margin of western Nigeria Basement Complex. This was meant to classify the rocks and to understand the tectonic setting in order to evaluate their crustal evolution. The chemical analyses were done using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer. From the results obtained, these rocks classified into calc-alkaline to shoshonite series with metaluminous to peraluminous varieties. They are I-type granitoids of feroan composition. The granitic gneisses formed from metamorphism of granite and granodiorite. Tectonically, most of the rock samples plotted in the field of island arc, continental arc and continental-collisional granitoids,which indicated that the protolith granite and granodiorite are orogenic and are arc related inferring arc tectonic setting
Lobster Fishery Connectivity and Management In Indonesia Waters
No full textThe distribution of lobsters in Indonesian waters is very wide, even lobster species in Indonesia are also scattered in the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Africa to Japanese waters. Indonesian waters are divided into 11 (eleven) Fishery Management Zone (FMZ). Lobsters in Indonesia may come from various water areas, both national and regional water zones, and they’re called the sink population. Its spread is influenced by the movement of the current. Lobster seed is nurtured by nature through ocean currents from Australia, East Indonesia, Japan, then back to Australia. Lobsters have a complex life cycle, where adult lobsters inhabit coral reefs as a place to lay eggs, then hatch into planktonic larvae, and grow up in open seas and carry out diurnal and ontogenetic vertical migrations before returning to nurseries in shallow coastal areas and reefs, coral, as well as habitat by the type of species. Literature research had used at least two methodologies to estimate the distribution and connection sensitivity matrices of marine organism larvae. The two most common approaches are using genetic markers and numerical biophysical modeling. Thus, this research uses molecular genetic techniques to explain the genetic structure of lobster populations using a biophysical model approach that can explain the genetic structure of lobsters, as well as the distribution based on regional oceanographic synthesis data and lobster biology known in Indonesian waters. This model has four components, namely: 1) a benthic module based on a Geographical Information System (GIS) which is a lobster habitat in the spawning and recruitment process, 2) a physical oceanography module containing daily velocity in the form of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, 3) a larva biology module that describes larval life history characteristics, and 4) a Lagrangian Stochastic module that tracks the individual trajectories of larvae
Etiological Spectrum with Diagnosis and Prognosis of Central Diabetes Insipidus needs Long Term Followup: A Single Centre Experience
No full textIntroduction: Central Diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare disorder caused vasopressin deficiency characterized by the excretion of copious volumes of unconcentrated urine. Objective: To assess the etiological,clinical, biochemical and radiological spectrum of Central DI in our institute and long term follow up of these cases. Material and Methods:32 patients with Central DI admitted in Department of Endocrinology,Guwahati Medical College, Assam in the last 2.5 years were included.Detailed clinical assessment, biochemical evaluation and MRI (Magnetic Resonance imaging) brain were done in all the patients. Central DI without any identifiable cause was considered Idiopathic and those with structural lesion in hypothalamic pituitary region were considered organic. Result: Idiopathic CDI was present in 12(37.5%) patients and 20(62.5%) patients had organic CDI with acute onset of presentation.12(60%) patients with organic CDI present with neurological symptoms but 8(40%) patients had no neurological symptoms even with organic cause. Pituitary dysfunction was common in organic CDI as compared to idiopathic CDI. Paediatric patients commonly present with organic cause for CDI with low cortisol most common hormonal deficit. One patient of idiopathic CDI with normal stalk thickness at baseline presented with clinical and radiological features of (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) on follow up. Conclusion: Organic CDI more likely to have acute onset of presentation than idiopathic CDI and even in absence of neurological features. Paediatric patients commonly have organic cause for CDI. We propose the paramount importance of long-term clinical follow-up and reassessment of endocrine function in patients with CDI for definitive diagnosis of autoimmune and inflammatory causes of idiopathic CDI and timely treatment of pituitary ypofunction
SARS-CoV-2-the Unforeseen Peril of David Winning Against Goliath: the Immune Giant Collapsing Under Its Own Rampaging Cytokine Storm
No full textWe examined SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) available treatments and prophylactic methods that included interventions associated with inhibiting the “type II transmembrane serine protease” (TMPRSS2) to limit the fusion between the Covid-19 Spike proteins and ACE2 receptors, or newly developed therapeutics like Remdesivir that interferes with the viral RNA replication. We explored the dilemma of ACE2 receptors that have a protective function against high blood pressure associated disorders, yet,they serve as the viral points of entry, elevating the probability of infection. Human tissues’ analysis reveals a higher ACE2 expression in adipose tissue, placing obesity-related conditions in the eye of the pandemic storm. It primarily exposes males due to the surge of ACE2 receptors in the testes along with other tissues. Males manifest a relatively higher positive ACE2 orrelations with certain immune cells in the lungs,thyroid, adrenals, liver and colon, while females evidence higher ACE2 correlations with immune cells in the heart. The remaining tissues’ ACE2/immunity expressions are equivalent in both sexes, indicating that despite its preference for males, the threat of Covid-19 can easily target females.Recent reports indicate that Covid-19 is empowered by hindering the critical process of viral recognition during the adaptive immune response leading to the “cytokine storm”, the aggravated immune response that indiscriminately perseveres, rampaging the host’s vital organs. Sedentary lifestyle, age-related hormonal imbalance, and adiposity induced inflammation predispose the body to the immune collapse following Covid-19 invasion, spotlighting the detrimental aftermath of metabolic dysfunction,and excess food consumption provoked by elevated cortisol and dysregulated appetite hormones. ACE 2 expression is suppressed in the skeletal muscle, rendering fitness and weight management an effective Covid-19 preventive intervention, along with social distancing, hygiene, and facial coverings. Physical activity, or exercise alternative methods have recently demonstrated statistically significant reductions of the inflammatory marker C-Reactive Protein (CRP), triglycerides, visceral fat, cortisol and the orexigenic hormone ghrelin, juxtaposed by optimal increases of IGF-1, skeletal muscle mass, Free T3, HDL, and the anorexic hormone leptin