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Justice, Institutions, and Society: Cross-Cultural Analysis of Prosecution Systems
Get PDFBackground: Comparative scholarship on prosecution systems often emphasizes structural and procedural distinctions between adversarial, inquisitorial, and mixed models, yet it rarely engages with how prosecutorial practices are shaped by socio-cultural norms and moral frameworks in real-world contexts .
Purpose: This study aims to critically examine international prosecution models through an anthropological fiqh lens, analyzing how prosecutorial discretion, independence, and accountability are influenced not only by institutional design but also by religious values, local ‘urf, and communal ethics.
Methods: The research employs a comparative socio-legal methodology that combines document analysis, semi-structured interviews with prosecutors and legal practitioners, and ethnographic observation in selected jurisdictions, including both civil law and common law traditions, as well as Muslim-majority legal systems.
Findings: Results indicate that while formal structures prioritize legal certainty and efficiency, prosecutorial decision-making is frequently mediated by moral considerations and socio-cultural legitimacy. These dynamics generate significant variations in outcomes across jurisdictions, particularly in cases involving restorative justice, diversion, or sensitive moral offenses .
Theoretical and Practical Implications: the study bridges legal philosophy with empirical practice, offering new insights into how prosecution systems can balance codified law with communal notions of justice. The findings also provide practical guidance for legal reforms aimed at enhancing prosecutorial transparency and fairness.
Originality/Novelty: This research advances comparative prosecution studies by integrating anthropological fiqh into empirical analysis, producing a culturally grounded framework that reconceptualizes prosecutorial discretion within global criminal justice systems
 
Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial terhadap Body Dissatisfaction pada Mahasiswa Perempuan
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the influence of the intensity of Instagram social media use on body dissatisfaction in female students at the Faculty of Law, class of 2023, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado. This study uses a quantitative research method with simple linear regression analysis. The poopulation in this study amounted to 365 students with a sample of 102 female students with a vulnerable age of 18-25 years. The instruments used in this study are the Instagram Social Media Usage Intensity scale compiled by researchers based on the theory of Ajzen and the Body Dissatisfaction scale developed by Cooper, Taylor & Fairburn. The results of the data analysis obtained showed that there was a positive correlation between the intensity of Instagram social media use and body dissatisfaction with a score of 0.410 with a significance value of ρ = 0.000 < 0.005. This means that the higher the use of Instagram social media, the higher the level of body dissatisfaction that occurs in female students. Furthermore, in this study, the behavior of the intensity of Instagram social media use had an influence on body dissatisfaction by 16.8%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intensitas penggunaan media sosial instagram terhadap body dissatisfaction pada mahasiswa perempuan di Fakultas Hukum angkatan 2023 Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Poopulasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 665 mahasiswa dengan jumlah sampel 102 mahasiswa perempuan dengan rentan usia 18-25 tahun. instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu skala Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram yang disusun oleh peneliti berdasarkan teori dari Ajzen dan skala Body Dissatisfaction yang dikembangkan oleh Cooper, Taylor & Fairburn. Hasil analisis data yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif antara intensitas penggunaan media soisal instagram dan body dissatisfaction dengan skor 0,410 dengan nilai signifikansi p = 0,000 < 0,005. Artinya semakin tinggi penggunaan media sosial instagram, maka semakin tinggi juga tingkat body dissatisfaction yang terjadi pada mahasiswa perempuan. Selanjutnya pada penelitian ini perilaku intensitas penggunaan media sosial instagram memberikan pangaruh terhadap body Dissatisfaction sebesar 16,8%
THE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PAREPARE SHARIA STATE SAVINGS BANK
Get PDFBank Tabungan Negara Syariah Parepare faces the problem of lack of transparency and accountability. Customers complain about the lack of disclosure of information related to products, services, and financial conditions. In addition, unclear reports indicate the weak accountability of banks in fund management in accordance with sharia principles. The problems raised in this study are based on the lack of transparency and accountability in the management of funds and information to customers, which has an impact on declining trust and service effectiveness. This study aims to determine the Influence of Accountability and Transparency on the Effectiveness of the Parepare Sharia State Savings Bank (BTN).
This study uses a field research approach with a quantitative method. The research data was obtained from the results of questionnaires and observations. The research sample was 100 customers of the Parepare Syariah State Savings Bank using the slovin technique. The data analysis technique used is quantitative analysis using SPSS.
The results of the study showed that the multiple linear regression test was known to have a sig value for the Accountability variable of 0.009<0.05, and the Transparency variable was 0.024<0.05, meaning that Accountability and Transparency had an effect on the effectiveness of the Parepare Sharia State Savings Bank. So it can be concluded that H1 and H2 are accepted, the results of the analysis show that the two independent variables together have a significant effect on effectiveness with a calculated F value of 10.371 and a significance value of 0.000<0.05, then it can be concluded that H3 is accepted. The test of the determination coefficient (R2) X1,X2 and Y was 18.1% while the remaining 81.9% was explained by other variables outside this model
THE ROLE OF CSR PT BUKAKA TEKNIK UTAMA TBK TOWARDS COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SOCIAL INVESTMENT: Indonesia, English
No full textPenelitian ini membahas peran Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) PT Bukaka Teknik Utama Tbk dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui investasi sosial. Fokus utama penelitian ini yaitu relevansinya terhadap implementasi program pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan investasi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran CSR dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat sekitar dan di luar wilayah perusahaan melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran CSR berkontribusi besar dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan kemandirian masyarakat. Investasi sosial yang diselaraskan dengan strategi perusahaan menjadi kunci dalam membangun hubungan berkelanjutan dengan komunitas. 
TIGA PELOPOR BANGKITNYA NASIONALISME DI AWAL PERGERAKAN INDONESIA. BUDI UTOMO, SAREKAT ISLAM, DAN INDISCHE PARTIJ
Get PDFThis study examines three Indonesian national movement organizations : Budi Utomo, Sarekat Islam and Indische partij, which played pivotal roles in Indonesia’s struggle for independence. The research aims to analyze the background of their establishment, visions and missions and contributions to national awakening and the formation of Indonesian identitiy. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a literature review approach, utilizing historical sources such as books, scholarly articles and official documents. The findings reveal that Budi Utomo, focused on education and cultural development, SI emphasized empowering indigenous communities economically through trade, and Indische Partij advocated for cross-ethnic unity in resisting colonialism. These three organizations played complementary roles in laying the foundation of Indonesian nasionalism. The study underscores that despite their different approaches, a shared vision to end colonialism served as the commom thread in their struggles
PENERAPAN SISTEM PANGADERENG DALAM PROSES PENYELENGGARAAN JENAZAH PERSPEKTIF BUDAYA PADA MASYARAKAT BACUKIKI
Get PDFPangaderang adalah produk norma masyarakat Bugis yang di dalamnya berisi unsur-unsur yang keseluruhan mengatur pola perilaku. Unsur pangadereng ada 4 unsur yakni Ade’ (adat kebiasaan), rapang (perumpamaan, penyerupaan, kebiasaan masyarakat), wari’ (pelapisan sosial atau silsilah keturunan), dan bicara (pengadilan). Prosesi penyelenggaraan jenazah tidak terlepas dari tradisi yang masih ada hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses penyelenggaraan jenazah masyarakat Bacukiki dan untuk menganalisis penerapan sistem pangadereng pada proses penyelenggaraan jenazah perspektif budaya pada masyarakat Bacukiki Jenis penelitian ini adalah field research atau (penelitian lapangan). Yakni meneliti peristiwa-peristiwa yang ada di lapangan sebagaimana adanya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian yakni menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prosesi penyelenggaraan jenazah to lotang Bacukiki terdiri dari prosesi memandikan jenazah, menurunkan jenazah lewat jendela, dan penguburan jenazah. Sedangkan pada prosesi penyelenggaraan jenazah Islam Bacukiki terdiri dari prosesi memandikan jenazah, menurunkan jenazah lewat pintu depan, pammula kellopang, dan penguburan jenazah. Adapun penerapan prosesi penyelenggaraan jenazah to Lotang dan Islam perpestif budaya dapat dilihat dari penerapan pangadereng yaitu ade’. Pada penerapan prosesi penerapan penyelenggaraan jenazah to lotang di bacukiki salah satunya terdapat pada unsur ade’ yaitu terdapat pada tradisi mappenre inanre, pesse pelleng, dan tradisi mattampung. Pada masyarakat Islam, penerapan ade’ terdapat pada tradisi mattampung, passili dan mabbaca doang
Pengaruh Kredibilitas dan Literasi Zakat Terhadap Keputusan Menunaikan Zakat dengan Religiusitas Sebagai Variabel Moderating pada BAZNAS Kabupaten Temanggung: The Influence of Credibility and Zakat Literacy on the Decision to Pay Zakat with Religiosity as a Moderating Variable at BAZNAS Temanggung Regency
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the effect of credibility and zakat literacy on the decision of Civil Servants (ASN) to pay zakat, with religiosity as a moderating variable at BAZNAS Temanggung Regency. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to ASN who paid zakat at BAZNAS Temanggung Regency. The sample consisted of 100 respondents selected using a non-probability sampling technique. The data obtained were processed using SPSS version 25. The t-test results show that credibility has a positive but insignificant effect on the decision to pay zakat, while zakat literacy has a positive and significant effect on the decision to pay zakat. Based on the MRA test, religiosity is able to moderate the relationship between credibility, zakat literacy, and the decision of ASN to pay zakat at BAZNAS Temanggung Regency
Cryptocurrency di Tengah Norma Keagamaan: Studi tentang Persepsi Risiko dan Kepatuhan Syariah terhadap Minat Penggunaan di Kalangan Mahasiswa Muslim Kota Parepare: Cryptocurrency in the Middle of Religious Norms: A Study of Risk Perception and Sharia Compliance on Interest in Use among Muslim Students in Parepare City
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of risk perception and Sharia compliance on the intention to use cryptocurrency among Muslim students in Parepare City. With the rapid development of digital currencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, concerns regarding their compliance with Islamic principles and the high volatility associated with them have emerged, particularly among religious communities. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data were collected from 88 respondents of youth muslim in parepare city. The research employs multiple regression analysis to assess the influence of both independent variables on students' willingness to adopt cryptocurrency. The results indicate that both risk perception and Sharia compliance significantly influence the intention to use cryptocurrency, with Sharia compliance having a slightly stronger effect. Furthermore, the study reveals that uncertainty regarding the religious legitimacy of cryptocurrency increases perceived risk, thus reducing interest in its adoption. These findings highlight the importance of addressing religious and ethical considerations in the acceptance of new financial technologies within Muslim communities. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on Islamic finance and provides insights for policymakers and financial institutions aiming to develop Sharia-compliant digital financial products. It also underscores the necessity for clearer religious guidelines on cryptocurrency to support informed financial decision-making among Muslim youth
Strategi Distribusi Zakat dan Pemberdayaan Mustahik di LAZ Persis KLP Cipedes Tasikmalaya: Zakat Distribution Strategy and Mustahik Empowerment in LAZ Persis KLP Cipedes Tasikmalaya
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to find out about the strategy of distributing zakat funds by LAZ Persis KLP Cipedes Tasikmalaya in increasing mustahik empowerment in Cipedes District. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach and collects data using field research methods with data collection techniques through interviews. The results showed that the strategy of distributing zakat funds at LAZ Persis KLP Cipedes Tasikmalaya uses various work programs such as caring people, shaleh people, smart people, healthy people, and independent people and collaborates with various parties. However, the obstacle in distributing zakat funds lies in the regional apparatus in collecting data on zakat recipients because they do not meet the criteria as mustahik, so that the distribution of zakat funds is not on target and uneven. Therefore, there is a need for government intervention to strengthen the supervision system, improve transparency and optimize administrative processes in distributing zakat funds. This finding has implications so that the distribution of zakat funds can be carried out evenly and on target.
Keywords: Strategy, Distribution, Zakat, Mustahi
REKONSEPTUALISASI PERAN INTERMEDIASI PERBANKAN SYARIAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI UMAT: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS PENDEKATAN PEMBIAYAAN MIKRO DI INDONESIA
Get PDFABSTRACT
Islamic banking plays a crucial role as a financial intermediary that not only prioritizes profit but also aims to empower the economic well-being of the ummah. However, in practice, Islamic banks in Indonesia have largely focused on consumptive financing and have yet to fully engage with the microenterprise sector, which constitutes the backbone of the ummah's economy. This study seeks to reconceptualize the intermediary function of Islamic banking through a microfinance lens within the context of an economic transition era characterized by digitalization, socio-economic transformation, and widening financial access inequality. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach through library research, the study analyzes academic literature, secondary data, and relevant policy frameworks. The findings highlight the strategic potential of Islamic microfinance in reinforcing the ummah’s economy by upholding principles of justice, sustainability, and inclusivity. The implementation of integrated Islamic microfinance models—leveraging Islamic social funds (zakat, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf) and fostering collaboration between Islamic banks and Islamic microfinance institutions (BMTs/LKMS)—can significantly enhance the effectiveness of financial intermediation. The study recommends a paradigm shift from a bank-centric to a community-centric intermediation model, strengthened microfinance regulatory frameworks, and the digitalization of microfinance services to expand outreach to underserved economic segments in a more inclusive and sustainable manner.
ABSTRAK
Perbankan syariah memiliki peran penting sebagai lembaga intermediasi yang tidak hanya berorientasi pada keuntungan, tetapi juga pada pemberdayaan ekonomi umat. Namun, dalam praktiknya, perbankan syariah di Indonesia masih cenderung terfokus pada pembiayaan konsumtif dan belum sepenuhnya menjangkau sektor usaha mikro yang menjadi tulang punggung ekonomi umat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekonseptualisasi peran intermediasi perbankan syariah melalui pendekatan pembiayaan mikro dalam konteks era transisi ekonomi yang ditandai oleh digitalisasi, perubahan struktur sosial-ekonomi, dan meningkatnya ketimpangan akses keuangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka (library research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui analisis terhadap literatur akademik, data sekunder, dan kebijakan terkait. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan mikro syariah berpotensi menjadi instrumen strategis dalam memperkuat ekonomi umat melalui prinsip keadilan, keberlanjutan, dan inklusi. Implementasi model pembiayaan mikro syariah yang terpadu dengan dana sosial Islam (zakat, infak, sedekah, wakaf) dan kolaborasi antara bank syariah dan lembaga keuangan mikro syariah (BMT/LKMS) dapat meningkatkan efektivitas intermediasi keuangan syariah. Implikasi dari studi ini merekomendasikan perlunya pergeseran paradigma intermediasi dari pendekatan bank-sentris ke umat-sentris, penguatan kerangka regulasi pembiayaan mikro, serta digitalisasi sistem layanan untuk menjangkau segmen ekonomi bawah secara lebih luas dan berkelanjutan.
Islamic banking plays a crucial role as a financial intermediary that not only prioritizes profit but also aims to empower the economic well-being of the ummah. However, in practice, Islamic banks in Indonesia have largely focused on consumptive financing and have yet to fully engage with the microenterprise sector, which constitutes the backbone of the ummah's economy. This study seeks to reconceptualize the intermediary function of Islamic banking through a microfinance lens within the context of an economic transition era characterized by digitalization, socio-economic transformation, and widening financial access inequality. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach through library research, the study analyzes academic literature, secondary data, and relevant policy frameworks. The findings highlight the strategic potential of Islamic microfinance in reinforcing the ummah’s economy by upholding principles of justice, sustainability, and inclusivity. The implementation of integrated Islamic microfinance models—leveraging Islamic social funds (zakat, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf) and fostering collaboration between Islamic banks and Islamic microfinance institutions (BMTs/LKMS)—can significantly enhance the effectiveness of financial intermediation. The study recommends a paradigm shift from a bank-centric to a community-centric intermediation model, strengthened microfinance regulatory frameworks, and the digitalization of microfinance services to expand outreach to underserved economic segments in a more inclusive and sustainable manner