BIBSYS: Open Journals Systems
Not a member yet
393 research outputs found
Sort by
Scaffolding students’ assignments
Get PDFThis article discusses scaffolding in typical student assignments in mother tongue learning materials in upper secondary education in Denmark and the United Kingdom. It has been determined that assignments do not have sufficient scaffolding end features to help pupils understand concepts and build objects. The article presents the results of empirical research on tasks given in Danish and British learning materials. This work is based on a further development of my PhD thesis: “Learning materials in the subject of Danish” (Slot 2010). The main focus is how cognitive models (and subsidiary explicit learning goals) can help students structure their argumentative and communica-tive learning processes, and how various multimodal representations can give more open-ended learning possibilities for collaboration.The article presents a short introduction of the skills for 21st century learning and defines, on the shoulders of linguistics research, results of “assignment-didactics” as a useful but also very tentative term in the context of the assessment of design principles for the design of assignments. Based on empirical studies, I discuss cognition, multi-modality and collaboration as crucial types of scaffolding in students’ assignments. Finally there will be a discussion of learning materials
Between culture and the market: what do physics teachers take into account when choosing their textbooks?
Get PDFHere we present some results of an ongoing study into the processes by which secondary school teachers choose physics textbooks, in this case, teachers from Brazil and Portugal. The objective is to understand what teachers take into account when selecting a physics textbook. To contextualise the study, the development and presence of physics textbooks in Brazil in the period between the mid-nineteenth century and the present day is discussed. These reflections highlight how cultural, economic, political and social factors are carried through to educational expressions. We show that the production of physics textbooks went through three periods, according to the pedagogical conception prevailing at each time. This research is based on the assumption that these books should be understood as elements of the school culture, being identified as cultural products as well as commodities. These dimensions have been little explored in research on textbooks, so this work presents a unique discussion that reflects on the relationship between culture and the market in order to understand physics textbooks from a structural perspective
Product descriptions as Programs: a Case Study
Get PDFThe company in this case study manufactures furniture for ships. This business sector is characterized by a high degree of customization. One way of handling the various products is to have a separate product description for each variant. Experience shows that this results in a large number of different product descriptions, in one company as many as 40,000. As the number of different descriptions increases, it becomes easier to create a new description than it is to search for an existing description, thus exacerbating the problem. Therefore, the company in the case study placed great importance on keeping the product descriptions to a minimum, but without limiting the variability. We were able to offer a solution. Based on previous research, we have implemented a system for the company whereby product structures are described by means of computer programs instead of using the traditional bill of material structure. This method of defining generic product descriptions makes it possible to handle variability without increasing the number of descriptions. In theory, this highly structured method should offer a better solution if the users manage to program the product descriptions. The idea of this research was to see if the more complex solution also worked in practice
Named-Entity Chunking for Norwegian Text using Support Vector Machines
Get PDFNamed-Entity Chunking is part of the Named-Entity Recognition (NER) process and is the task of identifying which parts of a text are names. This task is usually done as an implicit part of the recognizer, but because previous attempts at NER for Norwegian text focus only on the recognition, this research represents an attempt to develop an explicit chunker. The research shows that if we only focus on demarcating names and not on discovering their type as well, we are able to accurately (>95% F1 -score) find the names in Norwegian text using Support Vector Machines
Mikroforelesninger med programmering i MATLAB - Blandet læring i Ingeniørfaglig innføringsemne
Get PDFEn mikroforelesning er en nettbasert videoleksjon med begrenset varighet, gjerne under ti minutter. Begrepet kommer fra det pedagogiske prinsippet som kalles omvendt undervisning, som igjen er en del av et større begrep ved navn blandet læring. Ved Universitetet i Stavanger (UiS) er det hvert år over 500 ingeniørstudenter som i sitt første semester tar emnet Ingeniørfaglig innføringsemne. Dette er todelt, med en felles del for alle ingeniørretningene og en fagspesifikk prosjektdel. Temaet for felles del er grunnleggende programmering i MATLAB. Det er store individuelle forskjeller på studentenes evne og motivasjon til å lære seg programmering. En innføring av mikroforelesninger i dette emnet har derfor vist seg å være en styrke i undervisningen, siden den enkelte kan lære seg grunnleggende begreper i eget tempo. Mikroforelesningene er åpent lagt ut på YouTube og er det viktigste verktøyet for gradvis innføring av blandet læring i Ingeniørfaglig innføringsemne. Antall avspillinger på YouTube, studentenes tilfredshet gjennom studentevaluering og sammenligning av eksamensresultater før og etter innføring av mikroforelesningene, viser at blandet læring er en godt egnet didaktisk metode i et emne som dette
Evaluating the efficiency of the association football transfer market using regression based player ratings
Get PDFIn recent times, the use of quantitative methods to improve decisions within sports has increased. In association football, large amounts of match data has become available. This work first shows how simple match data describing the players on pitch and the time for events such as goals and red cards, can be used to derive an objective player rating. The rating is based on solving a large linear regression model. The resulting player ratings are in turn used as input to a regression model for analyzing transfer fees. It is shown that the performance of players, as reflected in the player ratings, is an important predictor of transfer fees. At the same time, several other important factors that determine the size of transfer fees are identified
Report: States’ implementation of the Common Core State Standards and the Australian Curriculum: A comparison of the change process in two countries.
Get PDFThis report presents the first comprehensive evaluation of key elements of the actions that states in the USA and Australia took to implement the Common Core State Standards or Phase One of the Australian Curriculum
MORTAL - Multiparadigm Optimizing Retargetable Transdisciplinary Abstraction Language
Get PDFThis short paper describes MORTAL, a new general-purpose programming language and compiler for high-performance scientific applications. MORTAL aims to bridge the knowledge gap between computer scientists and scientists by offering a multiparadigm programming environment that allows connecting the mathematical formulae written by scientist to algorithms implemented by the software engineer in a natural way, and understood by both. We provide the rationale for MORTAL, give an overview of the language design and the MORTAL compiler. The compiler is self-hosting, and our initial evaluation shows that MORTAL programs have similar performance as C programs
Research on educational media and resources in the field of French vocational education. The case of automobile maintenance
Get PDFIn France, vocational educational has a long history. It was institutionalised by the Ministry of Education in the 19th century, separate from private enterprise. Since the 1980s, a new process of convergence between general and vocational education has been engaged in order to propose an initial training and a general education to vocational students and apprentices. To this end, vocational teachers are strongly invited to use professional resources, such as those used in the commercial sector, as references.Our paper investigates the issue of resource usage by teachers in a specific field: automobile maintenance. This field is particularly interesting because, in recent decades, the knowledge and competencies to be transmitted have widely evolved. After a thorough literature review, we found only a few scientific references about research on these issues, which have mainly been undertaken by ergonomists, sociologists and didacticians in this domain. However, many resources have been developed, in particular on the Internet, and these constitute an interesting field to investigate. So the situation might be changin
Research on textbook use in the United States of America
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to review published research literature on the curriculum role and use of textbooks and other materials in American schools. The contents of books, collected works, reports and journal articles were analysed, and summaries of the contents were then organised chronologically to present a commentary on this topic. The results showed that research indicating that teachers are dependent on textbooks has been accepted in educational circles since the beginning of the twentieth century, but the most recent research studies have challenged this assumption by finding that teachers do not use them with fidelity. Published in 1931, the earliest research study identified that whilst secondary school teachers depended on textbooks, the progressive education movement influenced elementary school teachers into using more diversified methods. A series of research studies published in the 1970s identified moderate to low use of materials produced by projects of the curriculum reform movement and, although these materials influenced the design of textbooks, textbooks continued to be the dominant resource used in schools. A large-scale research study published in 1977 supported evidence from earlier studies that teachers depended on textbooks and other materials, but also highlighted that they used relatively few of the materials available in the marketplace. In the late 1980s, case studies and ethnographic research on small numbers of teachers and students reported that they varied in their patterns of using materials