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Implementing a Data Infrastructure to Enable Business Analytics in the Public Sector: a case study
Full text linkThis paper describes the initial stages of the process of implementing the data infrastructure required to develop analytics capabilities in a public sector organization. Helfo (the Norwegian Health Economics Administration) is responsible for making payments on from the National Insurance scheme to healthcare actors who submit reimbursement claims. An important task for Helfo is also to prevent and detect errors, and the organization is currently strengthening this capacity though employing data analytics and artificial intelligence. Implementing data analytics entails more than a “plug-and-play” process, and we analyze the initial stages of the implementation process as a sociotechnical change process. As a starting point we employ the CRISP-DM process model and enrich this with additional steps and tasks that was found to be central in the case. In particular, we describe in more detail the preparatory work relating to the technical setup and data infrastructures, and the implications for the information processing routines of the organization more broadly. The case study shows that also the early-phase improvements in data access and utilizing basic analytics capabilities yielded benefits directly, without employing advanced analytics and artificial intelligence. The rich description of the early stages of the implementation process can be valuable for other public sector organizations that seek to build data analytic capabilities
Blockchain Technology for Data Transparency in Digital Infrastructures
No full textBlockchain is a new paradigm for data governance across organizations and has frequently been equated to an establisher of trust and to a facilitator of interoperability among parties. Blockchain can also contribute to achieve data transparency in digital infrastructures. This research proposal highlights the importance of data transparency in digital infrastructures, whilst also detailing the main properties of blockchain that can address the challenging aspects of data transparency as a step towards achieving a successful sustainability transition through digital infrastructures. We summarize our paper by proposing research agenda within this area and summarizing the main expected implications from this research
Fairness in automated data journalism systems
No full textAutomated data journalism is an application of computing and artificial intelligence (AI) that aims to create stories from raw data, possibly in a variety of formats (such as visuals or text). Conventionally, a variety of methodologies and tools, including statistical software packages and data visualization tools have been used to generate stories from raw data. Artificial intelligence, and particularly machine learning techniques have recently been introduced because they can handle more complex data and scale more easily to larger datasets. However, AI techniques may raise a number of ethical concerns such as an unfair presentation which typically occurs due to bias. Stories that contains unfair presentation could be destructive at individual and societal levels; they could also damage the reputation of news providers. In this paper we study an existing framework of automated journalism and enhance the framework to make it aware of fairness concern. We present various steps of the framework where bias enters into the production of a story and address the causes and effects of different types of biases
Dynamic LFSRs as an alternative to LFSRs in extended fields - A comparative study
Full text linkLinear feedback shift registers (LFSRs) with dynamic feedback (DLFSRs) and LFSRs defined over extended fields i.e., over GF(2n), constitute building blocks of many pseudorandom sequence generators used in stream ciphers. In this work, the advantages and disadvantages of using DLSFR instead of LFSR in GF(2n) are analyzed. The work is based on the possibility of obtaining a DLFSR in GF(2) equivalent to an LFSR in GF(2n), given that both structures present equivalent binary models formed by interleaved sequences. Likewise, the possibility of using DLFSR on binary vectors is proposed in order to take advantage of the word lengths of current processors
Automatic Detection and Fixing of Java XXE Vulnerabilities Using Static Source Code Analysis and Instance Tracking
Full text linkWeb security is an important part of any web-based software
system. XML External Entity (XXE) attacks are one of web applications’
most significant security risks. A successful XXE attack can have severe
consequences like Denial-of-Service (DoS), remote code execution, and information extraction. Many Java codes are vulnerable to XXE due to missing the proper setting of the parser’s security attributes after initializing the instance of the parser. To fix such vulnerabilities, we invented a novel instance tracking approach to detect Java XXE vulnerabilities and integrated the approach into a vulnerability detection plugin of Integrated Development Environment (IDE). We have also implemented auto-fixes for the identified XXE vulnerabilities by modifying the source code’s Abstract Syntax Tree (AST). The detection and auto-fixing approaches were evaluated using typical Java code vulnerable to XXE. The evaluation results showed that our detection approach provided 100% precision and recall in detecting the XXE vulnerabilities and correctly fixed 86% of the identified vulnerabilities
Comparing Natural and Strong Typing Behavior for Keystroke Dynamics Multimodal Database Collection: Poster
Full text linkIn paper
Resources and textbooks for computer science education in French primary schools
Full text linkThis article examines a corpus of texts that define the scope and objectives of computer science (CS) education at primary school level in France, including textbooks, curricula, and institutional documents. Faced with these new programs, and in the absence of any specific training on methods for teaching computer science, teachers have had to make do by relying on a disparate set of documents ranging from prescriptive and guidance texts, official directives and curricula, institutional documents, textbooks, and other books. This article provides an analysis of these documents from a computer science pedagogy perspective with the aim of exploring how they change and evolve through the grades of education. We begin with a transversal analysis to highlight changes in the content taught from one cycle to the next. Then, we focus on how a specific notion, the notion of loop, is introduced to students, in order to characterise how the same notion is formulated and evolves across the different textbooks. In this way, we show that loops are defined differently across textbooks, using vocabulary that is increasingly precise and connected to other areas of knowledge, without being always connected to the digital field
Students’ view on applying for part-time work as an on-campus software developer
Full text linkA majority of students work while they are studying. Working will help them financially, but it may also provide other benefits, such as preparing them for work-life after finishing their studies. As academic institutions, we may offer students part-time work, and hopefully facilitate experiences that will have relevance for their further careers.
Earlier studies have investigated how working while studying may impact academic success. There are also reports on how we may rig campus based part-time work so that it will contribute in a positive way in addition to the obvious economic benefit.
Some institutions hire students to work as software developers to create or maintain applications of value to the institution. For IT students, this will provide them with valuable experience, and may also increase their confidence.
Our contribution is to investigate how students view the possibility of working as a software developer for their own educational institution. Through interviews we try to understand what factors are important for them when evaluating such work possibilities. This will be of value to those who are interested in hiring student developers. It will also provide input to how we may organize such projects in order to keep the students satisfied throughout the project.
Our findings suggest that the technology involved in the project is most important. Some students will value that the project involves technology that they already have experienced through their studies. But more importantly, the technology should be relevant for their further careers. Flexibility is also important. The students value the possibility of being able to work when it fits into their time schedule, and also to be able to work remotely. There will also be times when students will need to take a longer break from the project, such as during exams
