Ural Federal University: URFU Journal Systems / Журнальный портал УРФУ
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Income-level analysis of money demand stability in Sub-Saharan Africa using cross-sectional ARDL
Get PDFRelevance. The stability of money demand is essential for effective monetary policy, especially in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries that face various economic challenges. These challenges include volatile exchange rates, fluctuating foreign interest rates, and high inflation, all of which can disrupt money demand stability. Understanding how these dynamics interact with different income levels—upper middle, lower middle, and low—is crucial for developing effective regional monetary policies and achieving economic stability.Research Objective. This study aims to evaluate the stability of money demand across different income levels—upper middle, lower middle, and low—in SSA. By applying the cash-in-advance theory, the study seeks to provide insights and actionable policy recommendations on the influence of key economic variables.Data and Method. This study employs the cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) model to analyze both the short- and long-run influences of real exchange rates, foreign interest rates, real GDP, and inflation on money demand. By doing so, it aims to provide a nuanced understanding of money demand stability, capturing variations often overlooked in existing research. The analysis uses data from the World Bank Indicators and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), allowing for a detailed examination of money demand stability across various income levels in the region.Results. The findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between the real exchange rate, foreign interest rates, real gross domestic product, and real monetary aggregates. However, inflation has a contractionary effect on the real monetary aggregate, destabilizing money demand. Money demand stability is observed in upper-middle and low-income countries, while lower-middle-income countries exhibit variability, indicating differing levels of economic resilience across income categories.Conclusion. The study recommends adopting unified monetary policies and a single currency to enhance stability and stimulate economic growth in the region. Additionally, implementing inflation-targeting policies can further strengthen economic stability and promote sustainable development in SSA
Поведение рефракции УКВ в нижнем слое атмосферы прибрежной зоны Больших Еравнинских озер
Get PDFThe propagation of ultra-short waves is influenced by weather conditions. Meteorological inhomogeneities in the atmosphere cause refraction of the ultra-short wave beam. Measurements of meteorological parameters at h1 = 2 and h2 = 10 m have been carried out using an atmospheric-soil measuring complex installed in the coastal zone of Big Eravninsky Lakes at the Forest-Steppe permafrostecological station “Eravninsky” in Buryatia. There is a strong daily variability of the refractive gradient, and the refractive gradient values scatter ranges from –0.820 to +0.307 N-units In the lower ten-meter layer of the troposphere. It is discovered that in summer, meteorological conditions favorable for the superrefraction appearance are observed in this area.Особенностью ультракоротких волн является тот факт, что на их распространение оказывают влияние погодные условия. Метеорологические неоднородности атмосферы вызывают искривление (рефракцию) траектории луча УКВ. Измерения метеопараметров на h1 = 2 и h2 = 10 м проводились с использованием атмосферно-почвенного измерительного комплекса, установленного в прибрежной зоне Больших Еравнинских озер Республики Бурятия на Лесостепном мерзлотно-экологическом стационаре «Еравнинский». Установлено, что в нижнем десятиметровом слое тропосферы наблюдается сильная суточная изменчивость градиента рефракции и разброс значений градиента рефракции составляет от –0,820 до +0,307 N-единиц. Обнаружено, что в летнее время в данной местности наблюдаются метеорологические условия, благоприятствующие появлению сверхрефракции
(Mechano)chemical modification of polyvinyl chloride with azole-based drugs
Get PDFPolyvinyl chloride (PVC) plays an important role in industry; however, due to its uncontrolled accumulation in the environment, the methods for its utilization are of high demand. Herein we wish to report an approach for the utilization of PVC via its use as a carrier for some azole-based drugs, such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (multi-activity drug), 4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrazolo[5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazine-3,8-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (antidiabetic drug) and 5-methyl-6-nitro-7-oxo-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinide (antiviral drug). The abovementioned approach involves the reaction between PVC and potassium or sodium salts of these azole-based drugs either in solution or under ball-milling conditions. The as-obtained PVCs modified with azole-based drugs were isolated for the first time and characterized by means of 1H NMR-spectroscopy as well as gel-permeation chromatography (GPC)
Modern instrumentation and practical application of flame atomic emission spectrometry
Get PDFThe modern instrumentation for flame atomic emission spectrometry (FAES) is overviewed: the main technical (composition of the fuel gas used, dispersing element, number of analytical channels, reference channel, detecting element, sampling method) and analytical (determined elements, range of determined concentrations, limits and the accuracy of their determination, the duration of a single measurement, the equired amount of the analyzed sample) characteristics of flame photometers for industrial and clinical use as well as spectrophotometers currently made by various manufacturers such as Sherwood Scientific Ltd., BWB Technologies UK Ltd., Labtron Equipment Ltd., Labnics Equipment Ltd. and JENWAY Ltd (UK); A.KRÜSS Optronic (Germany); Cole Parmer Instrument Company and Labfon Equipment Inc. (USA); Inesa Analytical Instrument Co., Ltd (China); OJSC Zagorsk Optical and Mechanical Plant, Unico-SIS LLC and VMK-Optoelectronics LLC (Russia); Manti Lab Solutions, Labtronics, Systonic, Globe Instruments, Electronics India, Lasany (India). The main areas of application of FAES are presented – bioenergy, agriculture (analysis of plants, soil extracts and fertilizers), mineral raw materials (geology), clinical medicine and pharmaceuticals, food industry, environmental control (analysis of drinking, technical and waste water), nuclear energy, metallurgy and chemical industry, as well as some features and problems associated with the preparation of samples for analysis by the FAES method. The review includes references to works on the practical application of FAES, published mainly from 1998 to 2023.
Synthesis and electrical properties of doped layered perovskites based on BaMInO4 (M = Y, Gd)
Get PDFPerovskite or perovskite-related structural materials are widely studied for their many functional properties. They can be used as components of electrochemical devices such as solid oxide fuel cells and electrolyzers. Layered perovskites can also be considered as promising materials for use in these devices. In this paper, the possibility of heterovalent (acceptor and donor) and isovalent doping of La and In sublattices of layered perovskites BaYLaInO4 and BaGdLaInO4 was made for the first time. The structure and electrical properties of these oxides were studied. Electrical conductivity values increase in the series BaYInO4–BaLaInO4–BaGdInO4. However, the doping is an unsuitable strategy for improving the electrical properties of BaYInO4 and BaGdInO4 oxides. Further search for highly conductive materials with the layered perovskite structure can be aimed at materials with a different composition of the cation sublattice
Усадебный топос в повести И. А. Бунина «Суходол» и концепция гетеротопии М. Фуко
Get PDFThe article analyzes the image of the manor in I. A. Bunin’s story “Sukhodol”. The relevance of the work lies in the systematic analysis of the estate topos in “Sukhodol”, based on the theory of heterotopia, which was proposed by M. Foucault and received a new understanding in Russian philosophy of the late XX century. The article shows that the world of the estate in “Sukhodol” can be conceptualized in relation to the six characteristics of heterotopia identified by M. Foucault. This correlation allows us to state that the manor topos in Bunin’s story takes the form of a heterotopia, characterized by crisis, changeability “when the general synchronicity of culture changes”, a complex connection of disconnected spaces, “heterochrony”, “permeable impenetrability”, illusory, which clarifies reality. The image of the manor becomes the key, plotforming image in the story. The spacetime of the manor is voluminous and multidimensional. This is another evidence of the scope of Bunin’s artistic thinking, his sensitivity to the ideas and “trends” of his era.В статье анализируется образ усадьбы в повести И. А. Бунина «Суходол». Актуальность работы заключается в системном анализе усадебного топоса в «Суходоле», основанном на теории гетеротопии, которая была предложена М. Фуко и получила новое осмысление в русской философии конца XX в. Показывается, что мир усадьбы в «Суходоле» может быть осмыслен в соотнесении с шестью характеристиками гетеротопии, выделенными М. Фуко. Такое соотнесение позволяет констатировать, что усадебный топос в бунинской повести обретает форму гетеротопии, характеризуется кризисностью, изменчивостью «при изменении общей синхронии культуры», сложным соединением несоединимых пространств, «гетерохронией», «проницаемой непроницаемостью», иллюзорностью, которая проясняет реальность. Образ усадьбы становится в повести ключевым, сюжетообразующим. Пространство-время усадьбы объемно и многомерно. Это еще одно свидетельство масштабности художественного мышления Бунина, его чуткости к идеям и веяниям своей эпохи
Терминологические проблемы в области воспроизведений музейных предметов
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the problems of using reproductions of authentic objects in museum activities and issues of terminological designation of their various types, as well as issues of their classification. There is no uniformity in terminology in the field of recreated originals. This is due to the ambiguity of concepts and the fact that copies of authentic objects are used in various fields of scientific activity. It is advisable to systematize the types of reproductions and bring to uniformity the terms designating them, focusing on the specifics of the original, the method and completeness of the transfer of the attributive characteristics of the original and, in some cases, on the method of manufacturing a newly made object. Ambiguous terms such as copy, remodel and reconstruction, when referring to reproductions of museum objects, should be assigned to their specific types.Статья посвящена проблемам использования в музейной деятельности воспроизведений подлинных предметов и вопросам терминологического обозначения их различных видов, а также вопросам их классификации. В терминологии в области воссозданных подлинников отсутствует единообразие. Это вызвано многозначностью понятий и тем, что копии аутентичных объектов используются в разных сферах научной деятельности. Целесообразно систематизировать виды воспроизведений и привести к единообразию обозначающие их термины, ориентируясь на специфику подлинника, способ и полноту передачи атрибутивных характеристик оригинала и, в некоторых случаях, на способ изготовления новодельного предмета. Многозначные термины, такие как копия, новодел и реконструкция, при обозначении воспроизведений музейных предметов должны быть закреплены за их определенными видами
Conceptual Approach to Managing the Development of Creative Industries in Second-Tier Industrial Cities
Get PDFRelevance. In contemporary urban development, knowledge and creativity play pivotal roles in transforming cities into instruments for increased attractiveness, economic growth, and citizen well-being. Despite this recognition, second-tier cities face challenges due to the lack of a comprehensive concept for managing creative industries. The creative economy, proven effective in various countries, holds potential solutions to address accumulated issues.Research objective. This study aims to conceptualize the management of the creative sector in second-tier industrial cities, fostering their revitalization and transformation into growth zones.Data and methods. The empirical focus includes 14 creative clusters in old industrial second-tier cities of the Urals and Siberia in Russia. The study constructs a typology delineating five types of creative cluster formation, based on public-private sector interaction. Content analysis examines research literature and is complemented by a systematic approach.Results. The article systematizes the most pivotal problems in the management of creative industries' development and shows the importance of addressing institutional and coordination issues. Types of creative cluster formation are identified based on the degree of interaction between the public and private sectors in the development of creative industries. Two key types of creative cluster formation—initiative-based and dependent—are identified through case studies. The study formulates a conceptual approach to managing creative industries in second-tier industrial cities.Conclusions. The management of creative industries in second-tier cities deserves to be acknowledged as a distinct area of management. Development of creative industries requires a systematic state support system and a well-defined strategy. Local authorities play a crucial role in this process, acting as focal points for cooperative efforts through regulatory innovations in urban creative industries. Key instruments for effective policy implementation include the transformation of urban spaces, establishment of creative clusters, provision of grants to support small businesses, and stimulation of export activities
Таблицы спектральных линий и атласы спектров для атомно-эмиссионного, атомно-абсорбционного и атомно-флуоресцентного анализов. Библиографический указатель
Get PDFAn illustrated bibliographic index of books with tables of spectral lines and atlases of spectra used in practical atomic emission, atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence analyzes has been compiled. The time range covers the period from the emergence of these analytical methods to the present. The index presents the most significant publications for practical work, published in various countries. For each book and atlas, a full bibliographic description and a brief summary of the publication are provided. Most books and atlases in the index are accompanied by illustrations of covers or title pages, as well as email addresses or identifiers that make it easy and quick to find the publication on the Internet. The index is intended for the practical activities of analysts specializing in the field of atomic spectral analysis.Key words: tables of spectral lines, spectral atlases, arc, spark, flame, discharge tubes, glow discharge, inductively coupled plasma, microwave plasma, laser.Составлен иллюстрированный библиографический указатель таблиц спектральных линий и атласов спектров, применяемых в практических атомно-эмиссионных, атомно-абсорбционных и атомно-флуоресцентных анализах. Временной диапазон изданий охватывает период от возникновения данных аналитических методов по настоящее время. В указателе представлены наиболее значимые для практической работы издания, опубликованные в различных странах. Для каждой публикации приведены полное библиографическое описание и краткая аннотация издания. Большинство книг и атласов в указателе сопровождены иллюстрациями обложек или титульных листов, а также электронными адресами или идентификаторами, позволяющими легко и быстро найти издание в сети Интернет. Указатель предназначен для практической деятельности аналитиков, специализирующихся в области атомного спектрального анализа.Ключевые слова: таблицы спектральных линий, атласы спектров, дуга, искра, пламя, разрядные трубки, тлеющий разряд, индуктивно связанная плазма, микроволновая плазма, лазер
И. А. Пуни как художественный критик (на основе текстов 1914–1919 гг.)
Get PDFThis study examines the artistic and critical activity of I. A. Puni, a Russian avant-garde master and organiser of futurist exhibitions in the framework of his first creative period, preceding emigration. The opportunity to look from a historical distance at the time of the emergence of Russian avant-garde from the inside makes the study relevant. The researchers focus on valuable information about the time, the worldview of a curator/artist/critic (I. A. Puni being all of them) and the “pain” points of art. The conclusions are based on the multidimensional textual material (critical articles, letters, lecture materials), which helps immerse in the context of artistic life in Petrograd and Vitebsk at the beginning of the century. Using structural and semiotic analysis, the authors draw parallels with I. A. Puni’s painting and curatorial experience. Puni’s focus is on the theoretical aspects of the new art that concerned him as an artist. His texts raise polemical questions about the importance of “material culture”, the role of the artist, futurism, and curatorship. In an era dominated by production art and the principles of utilitarianism, Puni emphasises the value of the artist’s individuality, their understanding of aesthetic tasks, and the intellectual content of the visual narrative. For Puni, the beauty of art lies in its uselessness for life: it is utilitarian production that influences art, not the other way around. Through coloured materiality, peculiarities of composition and form, the artist emphasises the essence and the inner construction of the depicted object. The study notes the special stylistics of Puni’s texts, based on the neutrality of tone, reasoned judgments, which was not typical of theorists in the era of “poster language”. The artist’s curatorial activity, manifested by the landmark exhibitions “Tram B” and “0.10”, gives an example of a “critic in action”. The materials analysed show the complexity of the choice of objects capable of driving the narrative and the importance of one’s own position in the aspect of the rivalry between K. S. Malevich and V. E. Tatlin.Настоящее исследование посвящено художественно-критической деятельности мастера русского авангарда и организатора футуристических выставок И. А. Пуни в рамках его первого творческого периода, предшествующего эмиграции. Научная новизна проекта видится в смещении фокуса на малоисследованное поле — текстовые нарративы художника. Исследовательскому взгляду открываются ценные сведения о времени, мировосприятии куратора / художника / критика (в случае с И. А. Пуни — все в одном лице) и о «болевых» точках искусства. Выводы базируются на разноаспектном текстовом материале (критические статьи, письма, материалы лекции), погружающем в контекст художественной жизни Петрограда и Витебска начала века. С опорой на структурно-семиотический анализ проводятся параллели с живописным и кураторским опытом И. А. Пуни. В фокусе внимания Пуни находятся теоретические аспекты нового искусства, волнующие его как художника. В его текстах ставятся полемические вопросы о важности «вещественной культуры», о роли художника, о футуризме, о кураторстве. В эпоху доминирования производственного искусства и принципов утилитарности Пуни подчеркивает ценность индивидуальности художника, его понимания эстетических задач и интеллектуальной наполненности визуального нарратива. Для И. А. Пуни красота искусства заключается в его бесполезности для жизни: именно утилитарное производство влияет на искусство, а не наоборот. Через цветную материальность, особенности композиции и формы художник подчеркивает сущность, внутреннюю конструкцию изображаемого предмета. В исследовании отмечается особая стилистика текстов И. А. Пуни, опирающаяся на нейтральность тона, аргументированность суждений, что было не свойственно теоретикам в эпоху «плакатного языка». Кураторская деятельность художника, манифестированная знаковыми выставками «Трамвай B» и «0,10», дает пример «критика в действии». Проанализированные материалы показывают сложность выбора объектов, способных вести рассказ, и важность собственной позиции в аспекте соперничества К. С. Малевича и В. Е. Татлина