University of Niš: Facta Universitatis (E-Journals) / Универзитет у Нишу
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LJUDSKA PRAVA I POLITIKA UPRAVLJANJA GRANICAMA: POREĐENЈE SRBIJE I AUSTRIJE
No full texthe project “Human Rights and Border Policies: A Comparison of Serbia and Austria” (HURIBO) explores the complex relationship between border control and human rights protection, focusing on the practices of an EU Member State, Austria, and EU candidate country, Serbia, situated along a major migration route. In the context of increasing migration pressures and evolving border enforcement strategies, the project critically analyzes how international human rights standards, particularly those relating to non-refoulement, collective expulsion, and access to asylum, are implemented at national borders. Through a comparative legal analysis, HURIBO investigates the compliance of Serbia and Austria with international and EU human rights obligations, particularly in light of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU). Key activities during the first project year included participation in the international scientific conference “Law and Social Conflicts” at the Faculty of Law in Niš, a study visit to Austrian Institute for Human Rights by the Serbian research team. The project has strengthened academic cooperation between the Faculty of Law, University of Niš, and the Austrian Institute for Human Rights, University of Salzburg, laying down the groundwork for joint publication and policy recommendations.Projekat ,,Ljudska prava i politika upravlјanja granica: poređenje Srbije i Austrije'' (HURIBO) istražuje složen odnos između kontrole granica i zaštite lјudskih prava, fokusirajući se na praksu Austrije, koja je država članica EU, i Srbije, zemlјe kandidata za pristupanje EU, a koje se obe nalaze duž glavne migracione rute. U kontekstu rastućih migracionih pritisaka i evoluirajućih strategija za sprovođenje graničnih propisa, projekat kritički analizira kako se međunarodni standardi lјudskih prava, posebno oni koji se odnose na zabranu vraćanja, kolektivno proterivanje i pristup azilu, primenjuju u nacionalnim granicama. Kroz uporednu pravnu analizu, HURIBO istražuje usklađenost Srbije i Austrije sa međunarodnim obavezama EU u oblasti lјudskih prava, posebno u svetlu sudske prakse Evropskog suda za lјudska prava i Suda pravde EU. Klјučne aktivnosti sprovedene tokom prve godine uklјučivale su učešće rukovodioca projekta na međunarodnoj konferenciji ,,Pravo i društveni konflikti'' održanoj na Pravnom fakultetu u Nišu, studijsku posetu srpskog istraživačkog tima Austrijskom institutu za lјudska prava. Projekat je ojačao akademsku saradnju između Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu i Austrijskog instituta za lјudska prava u Salzburgu, postavlјajući temelјe za nastavak zajedničkog rada
POLITIČKI KRIMINALITET
No full textPolitical crime has not been the subject matter of substantial criminological research. Given the fact that it is a phenomenon that has immeasurable social consequences, it is necessary to examine the scientific thought on this topic. The first part of the paper provides a legal history overview of political crime in different historical periods. The second part of the paper focuses on the conceptual framework of political crime, including its definition, forms of manifestation and examples. In the final part, the authors emphasize the need for further criminological studies on this form of crime.Autori rada na početku rada ističu da politički kriminalitet nije bio često predmet kriminološkoh istraživanja. Međutim, kako se radi o fenomenu koji ima nesagledive posledice po jedno društvo, neophodno je posvetiti pažnju pregalnika naučne misli u vezi ove teme. Najpre je dat pravnoistorijski pregled političkog kriminaliteta kroz različite periode. Nakon otklanjanja svih nedoumica u vezi pojmovnog određenja političkog kriminaliteta, u radu se predstavlja tipologija političkog kriminaliteta i različiti pojavni oblici, kroz navođenje adekvatnih primera i slučajeva političkog kriminaliteta. U završnim razmatranjima autori ističu potrebu za nastavkom sprovođenja kriminoloških studija o ovom obliku kriminaliteta
“PRIČE PUTUJU NA RADIO TALASIMA:” VREME U DRAMI BURNING VISION
No full textThe most impressive and potentially confusing aspect of Marie Clements’ 2003 play “Burning Vision” is its treatment of time. While the plot or rather parallel plots can be pieced together after a few readings (involving native Dene, Japanese, or American characters), the representation of time is more challenging and thought-provoking. Short scenes and brief dialogues seem to fly at the reader like shrapnel. Besides the effect of flickering movie images, this method of rendering time seems to affirm the old idea of past, present and future existing simultaneously in a work of art, or perhaps the postmodern idea of Harvey’s time-space compression. Besides these possible readings, Clements’ consistent use of changing radio frequency to announce yet another stage-scene / time-frame invites a more radical approach to this text. This research aims at showing the moral significance of the author’s rejection of chronological time. When the space-time reality is observed in terms of quantum physics, everything happens now and therefore has a powerful moral impact. In the spirit of connecting science and art, the ideas of Minkowski, David Foster, Wilson Colins and others will be brought up as popularised by Michio Kaku in his “Hyperspace” (1994). Najimpresivniji i potencijalno zbunjujući aspekt predstave Marie Clements iz 2003. godine "Burning Vision" jeste njen tretman vremena. Dok se zaplet ili bolje rečeno paralelni zapleti mogu razumeti nakon nekoliko čitanja (tu su starosedeoci narod Dene, japanski i američki likovi), predstavljanje vremena je toliko specifično da podstiče razmišljanje. Kratke scene i dijalozi pogađaju čitaoca poput šrapnela. Pored efekta treperenja filmskih slika, ovaj metod prikazivanja vremena potvrđuje staru ideju da u umetničkom delu prošlost, sadašnjost i budućnost postoje istovremeno, ili možda postmodernu ideju Harvijeve vremensko-prostorne kompresije. Pored ovih mogućih čitanja, dosledna upotreba promene radio frekvencije da najavi još jednu pozorišnu scenu / vremenski okvir poziva na radikalniji pristup ovom tekstu. Ovo istraživanje ima za cilj da pokaže moralni značaj autorkinog odbacivanja hronološkog vremena. Kada se prostorno-vremenska stvarnost posmatra u smislu kvantne fizike, sve se dešava sada i stoga ima snažan moralni značaj. U duhu povezivanja nauke i umetnosti, ideje Minkovskog, Dejvida Fostera, Vilsona Kolina i drugih biće predstavljene onako kako su popularizovane kod Mičija Kakua u njegovom "Hiperprostoru" (1994).
DEFORMATION OF SASAKIAN METRIC AS A YAMABE SOLITON
Full text linkIn this paper we investigate Yamabe solitons on deformed Sasakian manifolds. We proved that the Yamabe soliton constant is invariant under new deformation of contact manifolds that deforms metric and structure tensor simultaneously. Further we show that the scalar curvature is equal to the soliton constant and potential vector field of Yamabe soliton reduces to an affine vector field
HARMONIC MAPS ON COTANGENT AND UNIT COTANGENT BUNDLES
Full text linkLet (M; g) be an n-dimensional Riemannian manifold and (T∗M; g~) be its cotangent bundle with a metric ~ g that generalizes Sasaki and Cheeger-Gromoll metrics. In this paper, we investigate the harmonicity of the canonical projection π : (T∗M; g~) ! (M; g); the harmonicity of 1-forms regarded as maps σ : (M; g) ! (T∗M; g~) and the harmonicity of the identity maps I1 : (T∗M; g~) ! (T∗M;S g) and I2 : (T∗M;S g) ! (T∗M; g~); where Sg is the Sasaki metric. Moreover, we consider same problems on the unit cotangent bundle T1∗M
SOME NEW INEQUALITIES FOR (s, P )-FUNCTIONS
Full text linkIn this paper, we obtain some new Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for functions whose first derivative in absolute value is (s; P )-function by using Holder, power-mean and Holder-Iscan integral inequalities. Then, the the authors compare the results obtained with both Holder, Holder-Iscan integral inequalities and prove that the Holder-Iscan integral inequality gives a better approximation than the Holder integral inequality. Next, we point out some applications for some inequalities related to special means of real numbers
ON RICCI SOLITONS AND SUBMANIFOLDS WITH A SEMI-SYMMETRIC NON-METRIC CONNECTION
Full text linkWe consider Ricci solitons with a semi-symmetric non-metric connection. We find some properties, when the potential vector field is torse-forming. Applications to submanifolds are also given
PREDICTION OF CONTACT DISTRIBUTION ON ROUGH SURFACES USING DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHMS
No full textThe contact characteristics of rough surfaces play a crucial role in determining friction, wear, thermal resistance, and electrical conductivity. This study proposes a deep learning approach to efficiently predict the contact distribution of rough surfaces based on surface image information alone, and evaluates its effectiveness against numerical methods. A U-Net architecture was employed for predicting contact areas under varying scales and load conditions, using a dataset of 100,000 fractal surfaces generated via the random midpoint displacement (RMD) method. The results indicate that the deep learning model achieved performance comparable to conventional numerical methods in predicting both contact areas and electrical contact resistance, with minimal error observed in electrical contact resistance prediction. The model approached the contact prediction as an image segmentation task, enabling faster and more efficient computations than traditional numerical approaches. High performance across metrics such as Dice coefficient, Jaccard index, Bradford Factor (BF) score, and pixel accuracy highlighted its ability to maintain prediction accuracy while significantly enhancing computational efficiency. Additionally, by leveraging two-dimensional (2D) fast Fourier transform (FFT) techniques, the model effectively captured both low- and high-frequency characteristics, accurately predicting large-scale and fine-scale features of contact areas, while reducing computation time by more than 95% compared to numerical models. These findings demonstrate that the deep learning algorithms can effectively address multiscale contact problems, offering reliable data for various engineering design applications, including friction, wear, and thermal/electrical resistance, as well as enabling real-time analysis and large-scale simulations
ULOGA PEDALA (ORGLPUNKTA) U GRAĐI KLAVIRSKIH PRELIDA KLODA DEBISIJA
No full textThis paper analyses the piano preludes by Claude Debussy since they represent inspiring material that fosters a comprehensive study of their complexity and versatile structure. The acknowledgment of the pedal point, the orgelpunkt, as a justified and theoretically proven factor of stability and tonal orientation as well as a significant coloristic element, created a novel attitude towards these interesting programme and Impressionist sound images. The pedal point which Claude Debussy used in the composition of the piano preludes is recognized as part of an accompanying, layered texture on the tonic and/or the dominant notes, and also as the pedal quints, pedal environment, osinato motifs, figures and bass, marked pedal points, all of which offer a possibility for versatile and creative analytical reflection.Radom su obuhvaćeni klavirski preludijumi (prelidi) Kloda Debisija, kao inspirativni analitički materijal koji svojom provokativnošću pruža širok spektar uglova sagledavanja njihove slojevite i slikovite građe. Prepoznavanje pedala ~ orglpunkta kao proverenog, i u obimnoj literaturi verifikovanog faktora stabilnosti i tonalne orijentacije, ali i važnog kolorističkog elementa, vodio je do još jednog pogleda na ove interesantne programske impresionističke zvučne slike. Pedal u građi klavirskih prelida Kloda Debisija prepoznat je kao deo prateće, ležeće fakturne podloge na fonu tonike i/ili dominante, ali i u ulozi pedalnih kvinti, pedalnog okruženja, ostinato motiva, figure i basa, markiranog pedala, čime se otvara još jedno raznovrsno i maštovito polje analitičkog promišljanja
RAZUMEVANJE STUDENTSKE INTERAKCIJE SA APLIKACIJOM CHATGPT IZ PERSPEKTIVE NASTAVNIKA JEZIKA IZ SRBIJE I ŠVEDSKE
No full textThe rapid development of LLM-based tools, such as ChatGPT, has significantly transformed teaching and learning processes, by providing powerful language-processing capabilities. While ChatGPT offers valuable support in writing, summarization, and information retrieval, its unregulated use has raised concerns about academic integrity, critical thinking, and ethical considerations. This study examines teachers’ views on student engagement with ChatGPT from the perspective of language teachers in Serbia and Sweden. Through an open-ended questionnaire distributed to eight language teachers, this research explores four key areas: (1) students’ motivations for using ChatGPT, (2) perceived benefits and drawbacks, (3) ethical concerns and implications for academic integrity, and (4) the extent to which students’ real-world applications align with OpenAI’s guidelines. Thematic analysis of teachers’ responses reveals that while ChatGPT can improve research and writing skills, overreliance on the content it generates poses risks to cognitive engagement and independent learning. Moreover, concerns about plagiarism and the authenticity of student work are prominent. These findings contribute to ongoing discussions on the responsible integration of AI-based tools in education and offer insights into how language teachers deal with the related challenges and opportunities.Nagli razvoj alata generativne veštačke inteligencije, poput ChatGPT, značajno je izmenio procese nastave i učenja time što je omogućio korišćenje moćnih aplikacija za obradu jezika. Iako ChatGPT pruža važnu podršku pri pisanju, sumiranju i pronalaženju informacija, njegova neregulisana upotreba istovremeno podriva osnove akademskog integriteta, kritičkog mišljenja i etičkih principa. U ovom radu se razmatraju stavovi nastavnika jezika iz Srbije i Švedske prema načinu na koji studenti koriste ChatGPT. Pomoću upitnika sa otvorenim pitanjima koji je popunilo osam nastavnika jezika, ovo istraživanje sagledava četiri ključne oblasti: (1) motivaciju studenata za korišćenje aplikacije ChatGPT, (2) uočene prednosti i mane takve upotrebe, (3) etičke izazove i implikacije po akademski integritet i (4) meru u kojoj je to kako studenti koriste ChatGPT u stvarnom životu usklađeno sa uputstvima kompanije OpenAI. Tematska analiza odgovora nastavnika pokazala je da uprkos činjenici da ChatGPT može da unapredi veštine istraživanja i pisanja, preveliko oslanjanje na sadržaje generisane pomoću veštačke inteligencije predstavlja opasnost po kognitivni angažman i nezavisno učenje. Štaviše, naročito dolazi do izražaja zabrinutost oko plagiranja i autentičnosti studentskog rada. Nalazi ovog istraživanja doprinose tekućoj raspravi o odgovornom integrisanju veštačke inteligencije u obrazovanje i pružaju uvid u to kako nastavnici jezika izlaze na kraj sa izazovima i mogućnostima koje pružaju alati generativne veštačke inteligencije