University of Niš: Facta Universitatis (E-Journals) / Универзитет у Нишу
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STUDIJE SLUČAJA U NIŠU VEZANE ZA JAVNE PROSTORE ZA MALU DECU
No full textThe paper presented here analyzes two locations for urban interventions according to the principles of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), with the focus on allowing young children and their caregivers to claim public space for their needs and to make these spaces more sustainable for the future urban redevelopment of the city areas that lack basic good health and well-being attributes.The focus is on developing areas with insufficient urban parks and infrastructure for children and caregivers where there is a lack of identity with the public spaces. By analyzing questionnaires and interviewing caregivers and children, we identified the issues and methodology for solving problems according to the mentioned goals.The results indicate that models to be applied to the case studies’ locations involve a necessity of Public Private Partnership of the city with local brands and companies, to achieve sustainable physical and social development. The greatest potential for development of the area according to the interviews’ results is in terms of shading and passive design principles. The outcome indicates a serious lack of green spaces in the new plans for the city and inadequate infrastructure for small children in the city. It also designates Čair and the Fortress for the application in terms of urban redevelopment as a tool for making the area a pilot incubator for energy-conscious space and safer neighborhoods for children and caregivers. This indirectly produces high-quality urban areas with children and value of the spaces presented in the paper and those surrounding them in mind.Rad koji je ovde predstavljen analizira dve lokacije urbane intervencije u skladu sa principima Ciljeva održivog razvoja (SDG), sa fokusom na omogućavanju maloj deci i njihovim starateljima da zatraže javni prostor za svoje potrebe i da ovi prostori budu održiviji za budući razvoj područja. Cilj je pospešiti razvoj urbanih područja kojima nedostaju osnovni atributi dobrog zdravlja i blagostanja.Fokus je na ugroženim područjima, nedostatku urbanih parkova i nedostatku infrastrukture za decu i staratelje, i gde ne postoji porepoznavanje i poistovećavanje sa javnim prostorima i osećaj pripadnosti. Analizom ankete i intervjuisanjem staratelja i dece identifikovali smo probleme i metodologije rešavanja problema prema navedenim ciljevima.Rezultati pokazuju da modeli primenjeni na lokacijama studija slučaja indikuju neophodnost javno-privatnog partnerstva grada sa lokalnim brendovima i kompanijama, kako bi se postigao održiviji fizički i društveni razvoj. Time se indirektno stvaraju kvalitetna urbana područja sa primenom visokotehnoloških rešenja,stvaraju se napredni modeli kao uzori, a samim tim se povećava obrt kapitala i vrednost šireg prostora koji okružuje područje intervencija
IZVOZ ARHITEKTURE IZ SRBIJE U ZEMLJE AFRIKE OD 1960. DO 1990. GODINE: RAZUMEVANJE TROPSKE ARHITEKTURE
No full textCooperation between the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and countries in Africa started under the auspices of the Non-Aligned Movement. The movement was founded in Belgrade, Serbia in 1961, to provide partnership and support for countries that needed to gain their national identity and establish state and public institutions after a long period of colonization. Such collaboration continued during the 1990s, regardless of the issues that the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was facing. Engagements of architects from Serbia, one of the Yugoslavian republics, in the construction of numerous buildings in countries in Africa have not been fully researched and presented so far. It was not only the designs that were not properly presented to the wider audience, but also other activities and cooperation in the areas of urban planning and design, preservation of architectural heritage, or technical assistance to governments. This paper investigates the architecture export from Serbia to countries in Africa from 1960 to 1990, critically examining the concept of tropical modernism that was one of the most dominant ideas in architecture of Africa from 1950s until the end of the century. It also looks into whether architects from Serbia who designed for countries in Africa understood the countries’ cultural, economic, and environmental context. Saradnja Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije i zemalja Afrike započela je pod okriljem Pokreta nesvrstanih, osnovanog u Beogradu, Srbija 1961. godine, kao prijateljska i partnerska podrška zemljama koje su imale potrebu da steknu svoj nacionalni identitet i uspostave državne i javne institucije nakon dugog perioda kolonizacije. Takva saradnja nastavljena je i tokom devedesetih godina prošlog veka, bez obzira na prilike u Srbiji i regionu. Angažman arhitekata iz Srbije na izgradnji brojnih objekata u zemljama Afrike do sada nije u potpunosti istražen i prikazan. Ne samo da projekti nisu na pravi način predstavljeni široj publici, već ni druge aktivnosti i saradnja u oblastima urbanizma i projektovanja, očuvanja arhitektonskog nasleđa, niti tehničke pomoći vladama. Ovaj rad istražuje izvoz arhitekture iz Srbije u zemlje Afrike od 1960. do 1990. godine, kritički ispitujući koncepte tropskog modernizma koji je bio jedna od najdominantnijih ideja u arhitekturi Afrike od 1950-ih do kraja veka
HYBRID AI MODEL FOR PREDICTING AIR QUALITY AND RICE CROP YIELD USING SATELLITE DATA AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES
Get PDFAir quality has a significant impact on agricultural productivity, with pollutants such as ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM), and carbon monoxide (CO) posing serious threats to crop yields. Plant growth and yields can be disrupted by these pollutants, highlighting the need for effective solutions. Strategies, including improvements in air quality management to reduce pollutant levels and the development of advanced predictive models, have been proposed. The concentrations of air pollutants and their potential impacts on agriculture can be forecasted by these models, allowing proactive measures to be taken to mitigate adverse effects on crop yields. In this research, the challenges associated with predicting the impact of key air pollutants on rice yield in India are addressed. Satellite data from the Giovanni Data Centre was utilized to monitor concentrations of O₃, PM, and CO, and to calculate the Air Quality Index (AQI). The Prophet model is employed to predict future pollutant levels and AQI. Soil temperature and air moisture data were incorporated to assess their combined impact on crop yield. Nineteen years of monthly rice yield data from FAOSTAT was used to train a feed-forward neural network with inputs including PM, O₃, CO, AQI, soil temperature, and air moisture. A high accuracy of 94% was achieved by the model, effectively predicting crop yields based on these factors, and a clear inverse relationship between air quality and crop yield was demonstrated: significant decreases in yield were correlated with higher concentrations of O₃, PM, and CO. Concrete evidence of the detrimental effects of air pollution on crop productivity is provided by these findings
DESGIN DEVELOPMENT AND SIGNAL PROCESSING OF 5G MIMO ANTENNA ON TWO DISTINCT SUBSTRATES
Get PDFThis article covers the design, development, and signal processing of a 5G mm-wave MIMO antenna. The antenna design is first simulated using CST 18 software and optimized iteratively to meet the requirements. After finalizing the design, a prototype is fabricated and tested in an Anechoic Chamber to measure radiation patterns and gain in a controlled environment. The antenna uses two substrate materials: Rogers RT/Duroid and FR4. Rogers RT/Duroid offers higher efficiency, gain, and lower loss at high frequencies compared to FR4. The design features a partial ground plane and orthogonal positioning of radiating components to enhance isolation. The antenna is designed to be compact and provide high bandwidth, making it ideal for 5G applications. The isolation between ports is greater than 13 dB for the Rogers RT/Duroid substrates and greater than 16 dB for the FR4 substrates. The antenna design using Rogers RT/Duroid resonates at 20 GHz, while the one using FR4 substrates resonates at 28 GHz. Key performance parameters for both substrates, such as ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficient), MEG (Mean Effective Gain), DG (Diversity Gain), CCL (Channel Capacity Loss), gain, radiation pattern, total and radiation efficiencies, are compared. For the RT/Duroid design, the ECC is less than 0.007, DG is greater than 9.97, CCL is less than 0.4 bps/Hz, peak gain is 7.5 dB, radiation efficiency ranges from 82% to 88%, and total efficiency ranges from 62% to 82% within the desired frequency band (15–35 GHz). In contrast, the FR4 design shows an ECC of less than 0.006, DG greater than 9.95, CCL less than 0.4 bps/Hz, peak gain of 5.6 dB, radiation efficiency between 40% and 52%, and total efficiency between 35% and 50%. RT/Duroid has a relative permittivity (εr) of 2.2, loss tangent (tanδ) of 0.0009, and a thickness (t) of 0.8 mm, while FR4 has an εr of 4.3, tanδ of 0.025, and thickness of 1.6 mm. The efficiency, gain, and return loss limitations can be mitigated by carefully selecting the dielectric material
OPTEREĆENOST UČENIKA DOMAĆIM ZADACIMA U NASTAVI PRIRODE I DRUŠTVA
No full textThe aim of this paper is to present research findings on the effectiveness of homework assignments for primary classroom education students, with a particular focus on Social, Environmental and Scientific Education. It seeks to highlight various aspects of this issue and encourage further discussion and research. The paper also includes the results of a survey conducted among parents regarding their children's homework workload, especially in Social, Environmental and Scientific Education subjects. Despite certain limitations, this research aims to explore parental perspectives on homework and emphasize the need for a more systematic approach in future empirical studies.Cilj ovog rada je da prikaže neke od rezultata istraživanja o efikasnosti primene domaćih zadataka sa učenicima razredne nastave (sa posebnim osvrtom na nastavu prirode i društva), sa namerom da istakne različite aspekte istraživanja ovog problema i otvori probleme za nova istraživanja. U radu će biti saopšteni i rezultati sprovedene ankete sa roditeljima o opterećenosti njihove dece izradom domaćih zadataka, posebno u nastavi prirode i društva. Naša je namera da, uz sva ograničenja ovog istraživanja, otvorimo problem sagledavanja stavova roditelja o primeni domaćih zadataka, uz očiglednu potrebu da se ovim problemom pozabavimo sistematičnije u budućim empirijskim istraživanjima
FAULT DETECTION SCHEME FOR NEGATIVE CONTROL FLIPPING FAULTS IN REVERSIBLE CIRCUITS
Get PDFToday’s the CMOS technologies-based electronic devices are designed to be comprised of numerously efficient microchips to meet the demands of fast computational power, and there is a need to perform loss-less information computation. In this context, the reversible logic way of computation is a rapidly growing research area for low-power circuit design and lossless information computation. The conceptual reversible computation is widely applied in current technologies, such as quantum computing. The analysis and efficient functioning of the reversible logic depended on the various domains, such as reversible logic synthesis, verification, testing, and debugging. This article focuses on the domain of testing reversible logic circuits, which then examines a fault model referred to as the negative control flipping fault (NCFF) under the control flipping fault (CFF) model. In this paper, the proposed work necessitates the utilization of an automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) algorithm to generate a complete test set for detecting NCFFs. Moreover, the present work shows the correlation of NCFF with the existing fault models in reversible circuits by encompassing single missing gate fault (SMGF), multiple missing gate fault (MMGF), and partial missing gate fault (PMGF). Finally, experimental results are performed on several benchmark circuits to verify our proposed algorithm for fault detection of NCFF. Additionally, we have assessed the fault coverage capabilities of the existing fault models in reversible circuits with the help of a generated complete test set for NCFF in reversible circuits
DEEP LEARNING WEATHER-BASED PREDICTION OF SOLAR PLANT POWER GENERATION DURING WINTER MONTHS
Get PDFIn this paper, we firstly investigate the relationships between weather conditions and solar plant power output during winter and near-winter months (March and October) and afterwards, we create multiple neural network models for predicting the solar power output based on weather parameters which are prominent during such seasons. The motivation for this work comes from the fact that successful prosumer management necessitates accurate predictions of solar outputs, especially during winter due to effects of snow soiling of the PV cells and lower air temperature on the output. Moreover, we imply that a neural network model trained on data collected for a particular season will be more accurate than a model trained on data collected all year-round, due to significant differences in data distribution between different year seasons. To confirm this implication, we create several groups of such models and compare their prediction accuracy to a more complex model from our previous work which was trained on an all-year round dataset. The results show that the mean-absolute error (MAE) of the most accurate winter-specialized model is 76.85 kW, which is around 5% lower than the MAE of the full dataset model (80.08 kW). This accuracy improvement sets path for further research in creating segmented neural network models for predicting power output under different weather conditions
TRANSMISIJA SISTEMSKOG STRESA NA BANKARSKI SEKTOR EVROZONE: PREDIKTIVNA MOĆ KOMPOZITNOG INDIKATORA SISTEMSKOG STRESA U OBJAŠNJENJU BANKARSKE STABILNOSTI
No full textThis study investigates the effects of systemic stress on the euro area banking sector from 2005 to 2021. The rolling beta analysis, employed to gauge the sensitivity of changes in country-level systemic stress to changes in euro area-level stress, shows that systemic stress transmission is heterogeneous and multidimensional. Core economies, such as Germany and France, are more exposed to global shocks, while peripheral countries react strongly to region-specific crises. Panel regressions assess the impact of changes in systemic stress and market shocks on banking stability, measured by the NPL ratio and Z-score. Separate models are estimated to compare the explanatory power of the Composite Indicator of Systemic Stress at the euro area level (CISS) and at the country level (NEW CISS). Results indicate that country-level NEW CISS better explain credit quality deterioration, particularly through lagged effects, whereas aggregate CISS more consistently captures overall stability, with stress increases producing immediate negative effects on the Z-score. These findings highlight the value of composite stress indicators as early-warning tools for regulators and the importance of complementing euro area-wide measures with country-specific indicators to identify vulnerabilities and transmission channels more precisely.Ova studija istražuje efekte sistemskog stresa na bankarski sektor evrozone u periodu od 2005. do 2021. godine. Analiza „rolling beta“ koeficijenata, korišćena za merenje osetljivosti promena sistemskog stresa na nivou pojedinačnih zemalja u odnosu na promene stresa na nivou evrozone, pokazuje da je transmisija sistemskog stresa heterogena i višedimenzionalna. Zemlje „jezgra“, poput Nemačke i Francuske, izloženije su globalnim šokovima, dok periferne zemlje snažno reaguju na krize specifične za region. Panel regresije procenjuju uticaj promena sistemskog stresa i tržišnih šokova na stabilnost banaka, merenu kroz odnos nenaplativih kredita (NPL) i Z-score pokazatelj. Posebni modeli procenjeni su radi poređenja prediktivne snage komozitnog indikatora sistemskog stresa na nivou zemalja (NEW CISS) i agregatnog kompozitnog indikaatora za evrozonu (CISS). Rezultati ukazuju da NEW CISS na nivou zemalja bolje objašnjava pogoršanje kvaliteta kredita, posebno kroz odložene efekte, dok agregatni CISS doslednije obuhvata ukupnu stabilnost, pri čemu povećanje stresa proizvodi trenutne negativne efekte na Z-score. Nalazi ističu značaj kompozitnih indikatora stresa kao alata ranog upozoravanja za regulatore i važnost dopunjavanja agregatnih mera za evrozonu indikatorima na nivou pojedinačnih zemalja, kako bi se preciznije identifikovale ranjivosti i kanali transmisije
TLM MODELLING OF A SLOTTED WEARABLE MICROSTRIP ANTENNA UNDER BENDING CONDITIONS
Get PDFThis paper investigates the potential of the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method and highlights the efficiency of a conformal cylindrical mesh for analyzing the tunable capabilities of a wearable slotted antenna under bending conditions. Various configurations of polygon-shaped and U-shaped slots inserted into the radiating patch of a rectangular antenna are considered to illustrate their tuning effects on antenna parameters. The cylindrical TLM approach is demonstrated to be particularly effective for the efficient and accurate analysis of a flexible slotted antenna attached to the human body, focusing on resonant frequencies and reflection coefficients under different bending angles. The simulated results confirm the consistency of frequency shifts caused by bending, while the cylindrical mesh provides precise analysis of the impact of slot shape and size on antenna performance
IN-SITU DIGITAL TWINNING OF INDUCTION MACHINES VIA SENSITIVITY-BASED GENETIC ALGORITHM PARAMETER ESTIMATION
Get PDFThis paper presents a novel, non-invasive methodology for creating a high-fidelity digital twin using only steady-state operational data. The proposed approach employs a four-step workflow with two-stage parameter identification algorithm. First, a grid-based sensitivity analysis is conducted to establish robust and constrained search boundaries. Subsequently, a genetic algorithm performs a precise search within these boundaries to identify the final T-equivalent circuit parameters. The methodology was validated on a 1.5 kW induction motor. All but core loss identified parameters demonstrated similarity with those obtained from standard offline tests, and the resulting digital twin accurately reproduced the machine’s behaviour when compared to experimental measurements