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When Culture Touches an Object: The U.S. Antiquities Act as an Antiquated Tool: Case Study of Bears Ears National Monument
Get PDFFor many, national monuments represent an excellent tourist place or a space packed with extractive resources that need to be exploited. For many Indigenous peoples, these areas contain a spiritual connection that needs to be preserved. Bears Ears national monument is an example of that cultural heritage encapsulated in a landscape. This paper analyzes the Antiquities Act and the powers that directly or indirectly “emanate” in favor of the President, Congress, and Native Nations in the United States. The aim is to question the presidential and congressional power over national monuments on Indigenous ancestral territories. By doing so, this paper will move from an “object” paradigm to a “cultural” paradigm, understanding national monuments as cultural spaces. I will question the faculty of determination and reduction of national monuments and the possibility of incorporating a substantial co-management of these areas between agencies and Native nations. The case study further takes into account implications of a Trump Administration decision to shrink, divide and rename Bears Ears National Monument
Culture & Health Among First Nations in Canada
Get PDFCurrent health inequities amongst First Nations peoples are frequently attributed to various historical and ongoing effects of colonization. While some evidence suggests that certain aspects of First Nations cultural identity might protect against poor health outcomes often worsened through experiencing social stress, inconsistent evidence and minimal research in this regard has explored these links among First Nations peoples in Canada. That said, the current objectives of the study were to better understand what types of social stressors (e.g., bullying, cyberbullying) worsen levels of (psychological) distress and which cultural factors seem to be linked to reduced distress and/or moderate (protect) against unwanted impacts of particular social stressors on levels of distress. Secondary analyses (e.g., see Paul, McQuaid, Hopkins, Perri, Stewart, Matheson, Anisman, & Bombay, 2023 [manuscript titled “Relations between bullying and distress among youth living in First Nations communities: Assessing direct and moderating effects of culture-related variables” in an upcoming special issue of the Journal of Transcultural Psychiatry]) were performed using the First Nations Regional Health Survey 2015/16 youth data.
Overall, bullying and cyberbullying were associated with increased distress. Strong feelings of community belonging were directly associated with lower distress and buffered the relationships between bullying/cyberbullying and distress. Among youth who experienced cyberbullying, those who participated in community cultural events at least sometimes reported lower distress compared to those who rarely or never participated. These secondary analyses highlight the importance of certain culture-related variables as key factors associated with the well-being of youth living in First Nations communities across Canada. The full manuscript (e.g., see Paul, McQuaid, Hopkins, Perri, Stewart, Matheson, Anisman, & Bombay, 2023 [manuscript titled “Relations between bullying and distress among youth living in First Nations communities: Assessing direct and moderating effects of culture-related variables”] will be available in an upcoming special issue of the Journal of Transcultural Psychiatry. It is hoped that this work supports the need for more culturally based health and social policies and programming for First Nations youth.
In addition, presenter Jocelyn Paul, discussed the role of psychologists in Canada and the ”Blackfoot Model of Needs” during her poster presentation. Jocelyn stresses her work in Clinical Psychology to date, as a First Nations resident, and the importance of cultural safety training and competence working with First Nations clients and in community. Overall, the presentation illuminated the importance of understanding First Nations health within a biopsychosocial framework.
Three Recent Moments With Pauline Oliveros
No full textJust past mid-afternoon we edge into rush hour, and traffic on the motorway slows down. From behind a 4-meter noise barrier, I track the sounds of passing cars and trucks. As the road becomes more congested, their deceleration shifts the soundscape's dominant sounds from the high-frequency whiz of speeding tires to a lower drone of purring motors..
Acoustic Virtual Training for the Blind
Get PDFIndividuals who are blind or visually impaired learn to rely on their sense of hearing to compensate for their lack of vision.Learn- ing to“see” using the ears is difficult, and requires considerable time and experience. Fortunately, training programs for the blind, referred to as Orientation and Mobility (OM), have been widely implemented at educational institutions all over the world.In the USA, and many other countries, OM training is provided over the entire course of a student’s public school education. Profes- sionals who provide OM training are known as Orientation and Mobility Training Specialists. OM skill training is defined as “the process of instructing individuals who are visually impaired to maximize the use of their remaining senses to move about freely within their environment” (Blash, Weiner, Welsh, 1997; LaGrow & Weessies, 1994)..
Antarctica: Austral Soundscapes : Sonic adventures in the realms of white at the bottom of the world
Get PDFCollecting impressions about a destination is an exciting part of planning for a trip. Visceral stirrings and the anticipation of travel are fueled by images, both graphic and literary. Maps have always appealed to me as a way of grasping or conceiving in the mind’s eye: a means by which I might construct a notion about space and place. However abstract and limited, pulling out a map communicates a stage upon which I project many scenarios and eventualities. In this sense, consulting the atlas is a ritual beginning of sorts—the first steps taken in an imaginary landscape. Comprehending Antarctica was another matter ..
Restoring the Soundscape with
Get PDFOur sense of hearing provides a fundamental connection between an individual, the natural world and society. Recognition of sound allows us to be comforted, enlightened, surprised, warned, frightened, reminded, pleasured and intrigued. When sound recognition is diminished by hearing loss, the connections between individuals, nature and society are broken or distorted
Auditing Acoustic Ecology
Get PDFGeneral definitions are not usually of much operational value. Attempts to systematise the body of research and practice denoted by the phrase acoustic ecology are likely to miss the more salient fact, which this international meeting recognizes, that it is a field which, ever since its initial mapping by Schafer, Westerkamp et al, has shown a remarkable capacity to lead to other events. Whether or not acoustic ecology should possess a disciplinary identity, its current state is one of bifurcation. One camp, primarily composed of sound activists (composers, sound artists) associates acoustic ecology with the aesthetic exploration of sound environments. The implicit object is ameliorative, to draw attention to a neglected dimension of the everyday world, and, by appealing to the listener’s musical sensibilities, to enlist support for its preservation and protection. Another camp, mainly represented by anthropologists and historians, regards acoustic ecology primarily as a strategic tool for resisting the visualism of Western analytical thinking. Applied to diverse cultures and historical periods, it unveils dimensions of social and cultural signification that a deaf perusal would inevitably miss..
Research Reports for the Ears: Soundscape Art in Scientific Presentations
No full textThe relationship or synergy between art and science has typically been viewed through one of three general frames. The first, and probably most interesting to scientists, is the idea that art has an interpretive function—building on the sense that artists are, at times, more capable of expressing the beauty or the complexity of science’s findings, or that the artist can shape imagery or sound to express the essence of what science is discovering in ways people can better grasp (one example is sonification of scientific data). The second is found in artists who are simply inspired by science, using it as a jumping off point for artworks that are compelling on purely artistic merit, incorporating elements that involve nature or scientific imagery, while not centrally trying to share concrete scientific findings or data. And finally, quite often, exercises in “art and science” engage the relationship in less direct practical or philosophical ways, in which the art is presented via technology’s tools, or science provides a jumping off place for the artist’s vision
Sound Excursion: Plano Pilato, Brasilia
No full textIn 1994 the Goethe Institut Brasilia had invited me to conduct a soundscape workshop. This sound excursion was one of many activities during the final sound symposium that wrapped up four weeks of intense soundscape explorations of the city of Brasilia. The focus of this workshop had been the creation of soundscape compositions by a dozen or so participants in collaboration with Michael Fahres and Piet Hein van de Poel from NPS, the state radio of the Netherlands.
We decided to do a sound excursion by car rather than a soundwalk, because Brasilia was designed for the car, not for pedestrians. A one-hour long soundwalk would have given us very little acoustic variety, as it is hard to get away from traffic noise. Brasilia is a young city—not yet 40 years old—and was designed according to a master or pilot plan. The crossing of two paths along the basic north-south and east-west directions, initially just a cross drawn in the quiet earth, has grown into two huge traffic arteries with six lanes in all four directions. This contrast is I believe, the basic contrast today in the soundscape of Brasilia and surroundings: on the one hand, there is lots of traffic noise within Plano Piloto, on the other hand one does not have to drive very far to enter a very quiet, natural soundscape