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Cohort profile: mothers with an indication of substance use disorder and their offspring in British Columbia, 2000-2021
No full textBetween 2010 to 2017, the proportion of mothers with opioid-related diagnoses for every 1000 delivery hospitalizations increased by 131%. To address this issue, the cohort profile was developed to (1) describe the characteristics of mothers with an indication of substance use disorder (SUD) and (2) define the developmental trajectories of their offspring. This cohort profile was developed as part of a population-based retrospective cohort study linking ten provincial health administrative databases in BC. Individuals were enrolled if they had at least one SUD-related record in the linked database one year prior to the date of their first pregnancy-related health care visit. The follow-up period ranged from 1 April 2000 to 31 March 2021 or until they died or there were no updated records for at least 66 months before the follow-up end date. Before the first year of life, 56 children born to mothers with SUD lost their mothers during the study period. The rate of maternal mortality remained constant until age 4. Among these children, no primary cause for mental health-related hospital discharges were described until age 8. By age 10, major depressive disorder was the primary cause, with a rate of 17% at age 16. Additionally, mental health prescriptions to these children were dispensed as early as age 4 for stimulants, reaching a rate of 9% at age 11. There is a high burden of disease for these mothers and children. Immediate public health response is necessary to prevent further development of adverse neonatal and maternal health outcomes
Investigating Lenient Policy in Aotearoa-New Zealand: ‘Biculturalism’ in the Parliamentary Record.
Get PDFWhile aware of the horrors of British colonialism, many twenty-first century Māori first and foremost identify as New Zealanders, rather than as solely Indigenous. A bicultural state implies the acceptance of two distinct cultures; however, scholars of the Southeast Pacific fail to explain the trend. The beginning of this phenomenon lies behind the discussion between Māori parliamentarian, Sir Apirana Ngata, and Prime Minister Gordon Coates, which illuminated a certain lackluster acquiescence of colonial power. While in debate on the nature of an inquiry into the confiscation of native lands, Ngata pleaded that the Indigenous Māori had a special relationship to their land, not only in wealth but in cultural identity. Coates agreed, initiating a significant relationship which continued a movement of colonial condescension while kickstarting cultural acceptance of Māori at a systemic level. Under half-a-century earlier, the island nation had been subsumed by a violent revolt against land dispossession, raising the activist-leverage of Ngata’s plea. Utilizing portions of my knowledge of the Māori language I will investigate the trend towards the recognition and promotion of Māori culture from the embers of violent conflict. Using Aotearoa’s Parliamentary archives, I will review legal documents to pinpoint the meaning of colonial oppression, biculturalism, and the importance of language in a nation set aside from the world stage in colonial trends and geography.  
MS characterization of total cellular proteome in responses to exogenous sugar stress
No full textGlucosamine (GlcN) and N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) are sugar metabolites of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) in which glucose is converted to the nucleotide sugar uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). The HBP, conserved across all eukaryotes, is involved in many cellular processes such as protein glycosylation, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation. Protein glycosylation, particularly, is a post-translational modification vital for substrate specificity and protein-protein recognition in membrane proteins and receptors, thus critical for immune system regulation. Since both GlcN and GlcNAc are produced from the same pathway and share similar structures and properties, they are often used interchangeably to study the HBP. While GlcN is significantly more studied, there are very few studies focusing on GlcNAc. However, our study provides a different perspective. Using the wound healing assay to assess cell migration rates, we noticed significant differences in cell responses between those treated with GlcN and GlcNAc: cells migrated faster or no change (depending on the glucose condition) as GlcNAc concentration increased and migrated slower as GlcN concentration increased (regardless of the glucose condition). In addition, other cell properties such as cell-to-cell adhesion and cell morphology were altered distinctly in cells exposed to GlcN and GlcNAc. These findings carry significant implications for immune response, vascular health, diabetes, as well as cancer metastasis. I will further study the altered proteome to gain insight on the molecular mechanisms through which exogenous GlcN and GlcNAc influence cell behaviours
People-Centric Approaches as A Requirement for Charity
Get PDFNeeding and providing help is integral to the way we function as a society. This is how we bond, form relationships, and establish a sense of community. While this is seen as an inherent trait in society, our charities and other giving practices do not always reflect this. I believe that giving practices should be created on reciprocity, where the opinions and needs of the receiver inform how giving practices are structured. The need for building a system based on the pillars of equality and solidarity is essential, especially in a world where certain people’s needs are often not taken into consideration. This can take the form of simply respecting each other, taking a non-judgmental stance, or consulting people affected to inform decisions (Cameron et al, 2022). Therefore, in this paper, I will argue that consulting the needs of the recipients of aid is essential to good and effective aid
Internet-based Addictions and Holding Tech Companies Accountable
Get PDFIn this digital age, being chronically online is easier than ever before. However, prolonged exposure to the Internet can lead to adverse health outcomes, including anxiety, depression, poor sleep, and psychological distress (Bhargava et al, 2021). In the last couple of years, with the rise in internet usage, we have seen how most mainstream apps have taken to having a shopping platform where users can buy and sell products. Since online shopping addictions and internet addictions are quite similar, we approach online shopping addictions as internet-based addictions (Nyrhinen et al, 2023). Thus, this paper intends to explore how prolonged internet use impacts both online shopping behaviors and health outcomes for users.
The Paranoid Style of Internet Politics: Gamer Backlashes and “Politics” as Imposition
Get PDFThe 2014 Gamergate movement has since become a model for backlashes and attacks against the inclusion of marginalized identities within the gaming industry. In the decade since the Gamergate movement, a number of similar backlashes have continued to occur, finding new reasons and rationales to attack the inclusion of marginalized people in the narrative of games as well as in the industry more broadly. In early 2024, one of these Gamergate-esque backlashes emerged around the company Sweet Baby Inc., first noticed by anti-woke movements in late 2023. This article examines two Reddit threads discussing Sweet Baby Inc. and analyzes the discourses produced around the company and how this reflects on the ways that anti-woke: gaming backlashes conceptualize notions of ‘politics’ and ‘diversity’.
The Socialization Of Terrorism In Canada
Get PDFThe academic and institutional battlefield is littered with the best intentions of those attempting to bring a universally recognized definition to the term ‘terrorism’. The concept of ‘where you sit is where you stand’ certainly applies to such endeavors. In addition to considering how best to integrate such fundamental questions as who, what, where, why and how in a definition of the term, attempts have been confounded and complicated by where definitional efforts have been centered within a particular community. Do you adopt a social science or quasi-scientific approach? From a jurisprudence and law enforcement perspective? Terrorist financing? Intent and motivation? Psychological drivers and personal profiles of individual terrorists? Organizational structures? Cultural and anthropological approaches? Rationality and mental health? Historical considerations? Critical study interpretations? All this has made for terrorism being a contested concept over the decades. As observed by Schmid and Jongman, and as we shall explore, “The nature of terrorism is not inherent in the violent act itself. One and the same act can be terrorist or not, depending on the intention and circumstances.” But how terrorism is defined by whatever community is not a trivial issue. Definitions carry political and policy consequences that govern the counterterrorism space and how threats and risks are articulated going forward. How the threat environment endures is often just as much an outcome of how a state elects to respond to the threat, as it is the agenda of terrorist entities. And terrorism charges cannot be prosecuted if there is not at least some notion of how motivations, intentions and acts are defined in statutes.
Received: 01-05-2024
Revised: 01-14-202
PRISLAMISM, RADICALIZATION AND DERADICALIZATION IN CANADA
Get PDFOn November 13, 2023, Professor Mubin Shaikh presented Prislamism, Radicalization, and Deradicalization in Canada at the West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were that Prislamism, thought of as a route to radicalization, is a blend of Islamic theory and concepts that advocates for violence toward institutions of incarceration. The prison systems in both Muslim and Western nations provide a breeding ground for radicalization through both their physical conditions and the social dynamics of custody. Combating radicalization in prisons requires robust training and a steadfast adherence to the law on the part of practitioners.
Received: 12-11-2023
Revised: 01-26-202
BUILDING INTELLIGENCE REVIEW INTO NATIONAL SECURITY - THE CANADIAN EXPERIENCE
Get PDFOn November 17, 2023, John Davies, Executive Director, National Security Intelligence Review Agency (NSIRA), presented Building Intelligence Review into National Security: The Canadian Experience for this year’s West Coast Security Conference. The key points discussed were the structure and responsibilities of NSIRA, the challenges and experiences of NSIRA in the last four years, and NSIRA’s plans for the future.
Received: 01-20-2024
Revised: 01-29-202
