Texas Digital Library
UT Southwestern Medical Center Institutional Repository (University of Texas)Not a member yet
10274 research outputs found
Sort by
Collection Development Within Academic Health Science Libraries: A 2-Year Update to Our Scoping Review
No full textOBJECTIVE: Collection Development (CD) is a cornerstone of library services. Within health sciences, the study of CD practices is vital in response to rapidly changing environments. Technological advancements affect the efficacy of any library collection, but this is especially true for health information. Users of health information require access to the latest scholarship. This scoping review is an update to previous research. METHODS: An in-depth strategy utilizing expert searching techniques was rerun in April 2023, including Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA), MEDLINE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Journals@OVID, CINAHLComplete, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, Health Policy Reference Center, and more. The research team used Rayyan to analyze results. RESULTS: A set of 171 citations covering April 2021-2023 (we previously reviewed 2010-2021) were analyzed for themes and narrowed to 15 records. 12 citations were marked to include in the updated review. CONCLUSIONS: Data revealed that cost was a primary focus as opposed to users' needs. Due to complex budgetary restrictions, many authors discussed sharing resources through consortia. By analyzing case studies across similar institutions, health sciences librarians can better inform their own collection management practices. Given the foundational value of collections to the primary mission of academic health sciences, more effort is needed to encourage scholarship and discussion on collection development
Evaluating ChatGPT-based Data Augmentation for Medical Concept Normalization
Get PDFThis presentation was recognized at the SCC/MLA Annual Business Meeting on October 29, 2024, as the recipient of the Third Place Award (tie) for Contributed Papers in the 2024 Elizabeth K. Eaton, Ph.D. Research Awards.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate ChatGPT-based data augmentation for Medical Concept Normalization (MCN) performance under varying prompt engineering strategies and experiment settings. METHODS: MCN aims to map informal medical terms or phrases from social media and other online platforms to formal medical concepts in medical databases. The datasets TwADR-L and AskAPatient were selected, and the data quality evaluation was conducted for MCN. ChatGPT-based zero-shot was used for data augmentation and the results were evaluated on the quality dimensions correctness and comprehensiveness. Experiments were conducted to analyze the impact of data quality on the model performance of MCN. The evaluation and analysis results were used to implement ChatGPT-based few-shot prompting to enhance the data quality and model performance. RESULTS: Duplication has a direct impact on the data quality evaluation and if can significantly inflate model performance of MCN if not properly addressed before data augmentation
Heading Towards the Cliff: Navigating the Pre-Retirement Stage
No full textAre you 10-15 years away from retirement? Are you trying to navigate the "what's next" era at work? What are worthwhile annual performance/development goals for you to make as a highly developed, seasoned older professional? Let's discuss these questions and other issues that present themselves as we find ourselves in our late-stage career period
Identification of EWS-FLI1 Regions Necessary for Ewing Sarcoma Proliferation
Get PDFEwing sarcoma is pediatric bone malignancy defined by a translocation between EWS and ETS family transcription factor. EWS-FLI1 (EF) is the most common translocation and codes for a novel transcription factor that combines the N-terminus of EWS, which contains LC domain comprised of tyrosine rich peptide repeats, and C-terminal portion of FLI1, which contains the ETS DNA binding domain. EF is a key transcriptional regulator known to both activate and repress genes. While understanding of the molecular mechanism by which EF controls transcription have become clearer, targeted therapeutic interventions against EF or its transcriptional program have yet to make clinical impact. This is due in part to a poor understanding of how the N-terminus of EWS is contributing to the oncogenic program and a disparate range of reported effects after EF depletion on Ewing sarcoma cells. This report shows the adaptation of two inducible degron systems, Small Molecule Assisted Shut-Off (SMASh) and Auxin-inducible degron (AID), into the endogenous locus of EF in a series of Ewing sarcoma cell lines to define the phenotype of EF depletion. Across multiple cell line and degradation mechanisms, EF depletion in Ewing sarcoma cells leads to decreased cell proliferation through G1/S arrest that can be rescued through re-expression of EF. Having established a baseline for EF depleted cells, I developed a proliferation-based assay to test the functionality of mutant EF constructs on their ability to drive proliferation in the setting of endogenous EF depletion. I tested a series of EF truncations, with single or multiple exon deletions in the EWS portion of the translocation. Expression of EF constructs with loss of any single exon was tolerated and allowed for continued proliferation, but loss of at least exons 1-4 on the N-terminus and loss of exons 5-7 from the C-terminus resulted in non-functional EF constructs. Given that there appear to be redundant elements within the N-terminus of EF, I tested truncated and mutant version of a minimal rescue construct containing only exon 1-5 of the N-terminus of EF. Mutation of only 3 tyrosines to serine within the minimal construct was sufficient to prevent proliferation in Ewing cell lines
Medical ethics in the carceral setting
Get PDFTuesday, January 9, 2024; noon to 1 p.m. (Central Time); Room NB2.100A or via Zoom. "Medical Ethics in the Carceral Setting." Newton E. Kendig, M.D., Clinical Professor of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences.In this Ethics Grand Rounds, we will discuss ethical concerns that commonly arise when caring for patients in the carceral setting. Topics include respecting patient autonomy within a public safety setting, obtaining informed consent from patients in an inherently coercive environment, determining medical necessity of correctional health services, and navigating ethical concerns for specific patient populations such as those with behavioral health conditions, hepatitis C, reproductive and gender-related health care needs, the aging, and those living with life-limiting conditions. We will explore the interface of public policy, legal mandates, evidence-based clinical guidance, and ethical decision-making.UT Southwestern--Program in Ethic
Investigation of Rare Genetic Variation in Autism Spectrum Disorder by Genomic Screens
Get PDFAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a collection of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior or interests. ASD is highly heritable, however known genetic factors that contribute to ASD explain ~30% of cases, with each factor contributing to <1% of cases. The genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD reduces the power to identify causative genes. Furthermore, even with the growing number of known ASD genes, our knowledge into the biological pathways underpinning ASD is limited. During my dissertation work I performed three genomic screens with distinct methodologies, aiming to effectively identify rare variants in ASD genes that can help pinpoint functional pathways underlying the disorder. Two of the screens were in patient cohorts, where my methodology was geared to utilize the recent (Chapter 2) or distant (Chapter 3) shared ancestry between parents to identify rare inherited variants and risk loci in affected individuals. I was able to identify coding and noncoding potentially causative ASD variants in known and candidate ASD genes (Chapters 2 and 3), and ancestry-specific genomic loci that conferred ASD risk (Chapter 3). To counteract the sample size limitations of human studies, I performed a forward genetics screen in mice to identify mutations associated with ASD-like behaviors (Chapter 4). I identified mutations linked to altered vocalization and altered repetitive and social behavior phenotypes in mice. To show the synergy of the different methodologies, I performed functional clustering and gene ontology analyses on the combined set of known and candidate ASD genes I identified in all three screens and showed that they converge on cellular pathways that have been previously associated with ASD (Chapter 5). Together, these findings contribute to our knowledge of the genetic underpinnings of ASD and related neurodevelopmental disorders
Listen
Get PDFThe author submitted this entry in the AI Literature category (Amateur division) for the 2024 On My Own Time (OMOT) Art Show.This work received a Second Place Award in the "AI Literature" category in the 2024 On My Own Time show.This piece was inspired by a quiet early morning run. I used AI assistance for language choice and editing
Organ preserving endoscopy: an introduction to endoscopic submucosal dissection
Get PDFDetailed formal protocol with illustrations and extensive bibliography.A recording of the protocol presentation is available on UT Southwestern's Mediasite. Note: Access to the video is restricted to authorized UT Southwestern users only.UT Southwestern--Internal Medicin
Regulation of Regeneration and Clonal Fitness in Normal and Diseased Liver
No full textThe general metadata -- e.g., title, author, abstract, subject headings, etc. -- is publicly available, but access to the submitted files is restricted to UT Southwestern campus access and/or authorized UT Southwestern users.The potent regenerative capabilities of planaria, newts, and zebrafish are largely absent in mammals. In humans, impaired regeneration contributes to poor outcomes after acute trauma, tissue damage, or organ transplant, as well as in chronic diseases such as liver cirrhosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes. A central goal of my thesis is to identify unexpected pathways in tissue repair by establishing and exploiting in vivo forward genetic screening approaches, and two key questions were tackled with these platforms. The first goal was to identify druggable chromatin regulators of regeneration. To facilitate the discovery process, direct in vivo CRISPR knockout and CRISPR activation screening platforms in mouse livers were developed. Among 164 epigenetic regulators, both gain- and loss-of-function screens identified imitation-SWI (ISWI) chromatin remodeling components BAZ2A and BAZ2B. In vivo sgRNA, siRNA, and knockout mouse experiments against either paralog confirmed increased liver regeneration. Two distinct BAZ2 bromodomain inhibitors GSK2801 and BAZ2-ICR also resulted in accelerated liver healing after diverse injuries. Mechanistically, BAZ2 inhibition resulted in an increase in ribosomal biogenesis and protein synthesis by directly regulating the expressions of ribosomal proteins, resulting in an expanded reservoir of ribosomes, which allowed a more rapid cell cycle entry. The second part of the thesis was to understand the functional impact of somatic mutations on tissue regeneration in the context of tissue damage. Through exome and ultra-deep sequencing of 82 human cirrhotic liver samples, functional mutations in PKD1, KMT2D, and ARID1A were identified. Heterozygous deletion of these genes in mice promoted regeneration after liver injuries. The key concept from this work is that chronic injury, and perhaps aging, can select for mutations that promote adaptive or regenerative phenotypes rather than carcinogenesis. Together, these discoveries have established new methods for gene discovery in mammalian tissues, identified new targets for regenerative medicine, and uncovered adaptive mechanisms in chronic tissue injury that do not necessarily drive cancer
UT Southwestern Journal of Pediatrics 2 (1)
Get PDFVolume 2(1): May 17, 2024Dear Readers,
We are pleased to offer you our second issue of the University of Texas Southwestern Pediatric Residency Program's Journal of Pediatrics. A legacy of the innovative publication development efforts of Dr. Adeline Yang [Resident 2018-2021, Chief Resident 2021-2022], this issue is a tangible representation of our desire to share our multifaceted work in Pediatrics, more broadly. The organization of this issue includes three main sections: case reports, scholarly project abstracts, and medical humanities. We continue to be impressed and inspired by the areas of special interest our residents pursue. Like our residents, these projects include a wonderful breadth of topics and depth of thought. As we look for encouragement about the state of our field and look for fresh ideas about ways pediatrics can be further developed and advanced, we are encouraged by what this journal represents and seeks to offer.UT Southwestern Department of PediatricsLetters from the Editors
Case Reports - page 1
Lamotrigine-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / Amanda Zhang, MD - page 2
The Strange Blood Culture: A Case of Pediatric Hepatitis / Garrison Olds, MD - page 5
A Case of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Previously Health Pediatric Patient / Miracle Giraura Deborah, MD - page 8
Mediastinal Granuloma Due to Histoplamosis / Stephen Hemmerly, MD - page 11
A Rare Case of Hydroa Vacciniforme-like Lymphoproliferative Disorder / Devangi Shah, MD - page 14
A Lethal Toxidrome From a Common Source / Calvin Fairbourn, MD - page 17
Walking Through Differentials for Lower Extremity Weakness / Ashley Chen, MD - page 20
The Challenges of Diagnosing and Treating Persistent Hypertension in Children / Elizabeth Herrin, MD - page 23
Intractable Itching: A Clinical Pearl to Diagnose Alagille Syndrome / Shyam Harinarayanan, MD - page 26
Primary Craniosynostosis in an Infant with Pfeiffer Syndrome / Lynette Gonzalez, MD - page 29
Intern Case Conferences - page 32
Scholarly Project Research - page 35
Early predictors of pulmonary arterial hypertension using cardiac MRI in young adults born preterm / Alysha Joseph, MD; Gregory Barton, PhD; Tarique Hussain, MD; Kara Goss, MD - page 36
Team KiPOW Texas / Fatima Ahmad, MD; Aya Embabi, MD; Fatima Zuberi, MD; Nancy Kelly, MD - page 36
Caregiver Perceptions on Penicillin Allergy Delabeling in a Primary Care Setting / Hannah Lee, MD; Meg Hart, MD; Timothy Chow, MD - page 37
A Pilot: Implementation of Early Childhood Literacy Promotion / Vi Pham, MD; David Oleson, MD; Sarah Greenfield, MD; Maurine Sam, MD; Heejin Lim, MD; Annette Ville, MD; Nancy Kelly, MD MPH - page 37
Characteristics of Teenage Pregnancy and Potential Missed Opportunities in a Pediatric Primary Care Clinic / Amanda Zhang, MD; Kaili Yang, MD - page 38
Medical Student to Pediatrician: A Focus on Telemedicine and Primary Care / Brittany Grudzielanek MD; Krista Perez MD; Samuel Showalter MD; Rory Nicolaides MD; Caroline Anding MD; Kiran Prasad MD; Annesha Dutta MD; Ademola Badewa, MD - page 38
Process Review of Grant-Funded Project "Moving is Medicine" / Meredith Montgomery, MD; Nancy Kelly, MD - page 39
Identifying Determinants of Early Phase Clinical Trial Enrollment for Pediatric Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Cancer / Joseph Formella, MD - page 39
Foster Parent Insights on Group Well Child Care Model for Children in Substitute Care: A Qualitative Analysis / Radha Patel, MD - page 40
Assessment of Hemodynamic Profiles and Associated Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Acute Decompensated Heart Failure / Monisha Narayanan, MD; Javier Lasa, MD; Ryan Butts, MD - page 40
Zinc Supplementation Improves Linear Growth in Premature and Very Low Birth weight (VLBW) Infants / Tina Seidu, MD, MHS; Dimitrios Angelis, MD; Roy Heyne, MD - page 41
Resident Presentations & Publications, 2023-2024 - page 42
Medical Humanities - page 45
Nurturing New Beginnings / Adedamola Badewa, MD - page 46
Making Mistakes / Yarah Ghotmi, MD - page 48
Second Year Musings / William Wood, MD - page 49
Reflections on a Wednesday / Isha Darbari, MD - page 53
An Unwelcome Guest / Shahryar Rana, MD - page 54
Dear Precious Ones / Annesha Dutta, MD - page 55
Untitled / Garrett Sacco, MD - page 56
Fleeting / Avery Haugen, MD - page 59
The Resident Account: Ramadan, Residency, & Rejuvenation / Fatima Ahmad, MD - page 6