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Чиновник или еретик? Проблема ‘профессии’ и жизнетворчество в публицистике Евгения Замятина после 1917 г.
Get PDFThe article explores the literary and self-described worldview of Evgenij Zamjatin after the October Revolution. In three ‘autobiographies’ from the 1920s he stressed the crucial role of the 1917 events in his destiny. Post-revolutionary years witnessed an explosion of Zamjatin’s nonfiction, whereby the issue of self-determining in the face of a new Russia was pervasive. His articles and interviews from the 1920s and 1930s, at first sight, give two mutually contradictory definitions of his ‘job’ or, rather, ‘profession’ prior to emigration in 1931: a literary clerk in state service and a fundamentally opposed ‘heretic’. He entered world culture, first of all, as the author of the dystopian novel We and a ‘heretic’. However, his self-identification was far more complex and complicated, a case in point being the fact that in 1934, already apparently an emigrant, he applied for membership in the Union of Soviet Writers. This article tries to solve the contradiction, examining the storyline of an inner conflict – between an actor and a dreamer, a believer and a heretic, an officer of the state and a sceptic – that is recurrent in his nonfiction writing. Moreover, the author suggests that the ambivalence of Zamjatin resists definite evaluation. It is possible to view his ambivalence not only as a psychological or worldview peculiarity but as a manifestation of a ‘life-creation’ strategy.The article explores the literary and self-described worldview of Evgenij Zamjatin after the October Revolution. In three ‘autobiographies’ from the 1920s he stressed the crucial role of the 1917 events in his destiny. Post-revolutionary years witnessed an explosion of Zamjatin’s nonfiction, whereby the issue of self-determining in the face of a new Russia was pervasive. His articles and interviews from the 1920s and 1930s, at first sight, give two mutually contradictory definitions of his ‘job’ or, rather, ‘profession’ prior to emigration in 1931: a literary clerk in state service and a fundamentally opposed ‘heretic’. He entered world culture, first of all, as the author of the dystopian novel We and a ‘heretic’. However, his self-identification was far more complex and complicated, a case in point being the fact that in 1934, already apparently an emigrant, he applied for membership in the Union of Soviet Writers. This article tries to solve the contradiction, examining the storyline of an inner conflict – between an actor and a dreamer, a believer and a heretic, an officer of the state and a sceptic – that is recurrent in his nonfiction writing. Moreover, the author suggests that the ambivalence of Zamjatin resists definite evaluation. It is possible to view his ambivalence not only as a psychological or worldview peculiarity but as a manifestation of a ‘life-creation’ strategy
Le riviste pedagogiche dall’analogico al digitale: il caso di “Studi sulla formazione”
Get PDFThe digital revolution implied significant consequences for the pedagogical journals: the transition from analogue to digital has favored an exponential increase of their spread and their circulation. The contemporary era is increasingly characterized by the proliferation of knowledge sources, but the subject has more difficulty in finding an orientation between reliable resource: the pedagogical journal “Studi sulla Formazione” plays an important role in promoting critical thinking and scientific rigor in educational professionals
El facto de scrivere: modelli, lingue e registri comunicativi nell'educazione epistolare alla corte sforzesca
Get PDFIn Milan, during the second half of the XV century, the Sforza princes’ teachers chose the chancery letter over the humanistic one as a model for their pupils’ letter-writing education. This kind of littera could be written in Latin or vernacular Italian and most of the times saw both languages used in different sections. In fact, the chancery letter is characterized by a great fluidity that allowed the writer to choose among many composition and expressive possibilities that emerge from intrinsic and extrinsic elements. The article aims to show how these choices (kind of handwriting, mise en page, and most of all language) contribute to create a wide variety of communicative registers
Pathogenicity of ten Phaeoacremonium species associated with esca and Petri disease of grapevine
No full textNineteen species of Phaeoacremonium have been associated with grapevines in South Africa, of which only six species have been confirmed as pathogens through pathogenicity tests conducted on field-grown grapevines. This study determined the pathogenic status of ten Phaeoacremonium spp. recently found for the first time on South African grapevines. These were: Pm. australiense, Pm. austroafricanum, Pm. fraxinopennsylvanicum, Pm. griseo-olivaceum, Pm. griseorubrum, Pm. iranianum, Pm. italicum, Pm. prunicolum, Pm. scolyti and Pm. sicilianum. In the pathogenicity tests, Ph. parasiticum was used as the positive control, and sterile water as the negative control. Up to three isolates were used per species, depending on isolate availability. Freshly cut pruning wounds in a 9-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard in Stellenbosch, South Africa, were inoculated with 200conidia of each fungus per wound. Inoculated pruning wounds were removed after 18 months, cut longitudinally and lesion lengths were measured. Re-isolation proportions were determined by conducting isolations from inoculated spurs. All the inoculated isolates successfully colonized pruning wounds, and caused lesions that were significantly different from the negative control. All isolates were re-isolated at proportions varying from 28.6 to 85.7%. Phaeoacremonium griseo-olivaceum STE-U 7859 produced the longest lesions (mean = 79.5 mm) and Pm. iranianum STE-U 6998 the shortest (62.0 mm). No statistically significant differences in mean lesion lengths were observed between the inoculated species. There were also no significant differences between isolates of the same species, except in Pm. prunicolum where isolate STE-U 5968 produced longer lesions (mean = 77.3 mm) than STE-U 7857 (62.3 mm). This study confirmed the capabilities of all the tested Phaeoacremonium spp. to infect grapevine pruning wounds and cause lesions. The study also confirmed the importance of pruning wounds as ports of entry by these pathogens into host plants
Calasso Giovanna and Giuliano Lancioni eds, Dār al-islām / dār al-ḥarb Territories, People, Identities, Leiden-Boston Brill 2017
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Assessment of transversal competencies in entrepreneurial education: a literature review and a pilot study
Get PDFThe concept of entrepreneurial competencies is complex, comprising components that can be acquired and changed through experience, training and education (Man, Lau & Chan, 2002). The relevance of such competencies for education calls for a better understanding of two issues: (i) what such competencies are, and (ii) how they can be assessed. In fact, given the inherent complexity in defining entrepreneurial competencies as an umbrella term for different elements, there is a certain risk of ambiguous and non-unique conceptualizations of them (Chell, 2013; Mitchelmore & Rowley, 2010). In this paper we first carry out a literature review regarding the conceptualization and measurement of entrepreneurial competencies. In the second stage, we develop a set of tools to assess the competencies identified and carry out a pilot study on a sample of 60 students attending entrepreneurship education courses in five European countries. La valutazione delle competenze trasversali nella formazione all’imprenditorialitàIl concetto di competenze imprenditoriali è complesso e comprende componenti che possono essere acquisite e implementate attraverso l’esperienza, la formazione e l’istruzione (Man, Lau & Chan, 2002). La rilevanza delle competenze imprenditoriali per le politiche di istruzione e formazione richiede una migliore comprensione di due questioni: (i) l’identificazione di tali competenze e (ii) la valutazione delle stesse (Chell, 2013; Mitchelmore & Rowley, 2010). Questo lavoro presenta un’analisi della letteratura riguardante la concettualizzazione e la misurazione delle competenze trasversali legate all’imprenditorialità, una serie di strumenti che sono stati individuati per valutare le competenze identificate e uno studio pilota su un campione di 60 studenti universitari coinvolti in corsi di formazione all’imprenditorialità in cinque paesi europei